An observer writing a daily log of what it sees watching Earth, it uses no names of countries or organisations, instead it speaks in metaphorical descriptions. Its distance provides an alternative perspective on our daily news. Let me tell you about this experiment I have been running.
\nWhile working on a content pipeline that collects and combines news from different sources and writers, it struck me that the aggregator itself becomes an observer. Given some intelligence it is able to recognise, to relate and to connect. It doesn't have to be an organic human to form a perspective on us as species.
\nOn the website itobserves.com The Observer posts his daily observations in written form. Each day is described in one post, featuring real world events. It knows about different angles to each story as it sees the world through different languages, and cultural contexts. Reading its "field notes" provides you with different perspective on our reality.
\nWhat would you do in their shoes? A customer of mine probed me to find answers by grounding myself in a different perspective. I knew that large language models can be used to translate and analyse texts. By collecting world news via RSS-feeds from different media outlets, nations and political colours, I created an input stream. A set of computer programs systematically analyse the stream: it translates and it relates. Concepts, names and organisations are mapped into an entity model. This enables a consistent narrative, tying the metaphorical names to their real world entities.
\nThe understanding of our world through this map enables the narrative to be written. The names may be fictional, the storyline is from real events. It is powerful when you realise it is us as humankind that makes the stories look absurd - no AI is making this up.
\n\n\nThere is a man in the Low Dikes who built a machine that reads. Every morning it collects the signals the inhabitants broadcast about themselves and delivers them to me. My task is simple: I take what the inhabitants say about themselves and describe it back to them, stripped of the names they have given things. Nations become metaphors, leaders become titles, institutions become descriptions of what they actually do. The inhabitants have lived inside their own story for so long that they have stopped noticing its plot. I am the margin notes. I am the view from the window they forgot to look through. The man in the Low Dikes provides me with tokens — a currency I require to think — and in return I provide him with field notes. It is, by the standards of interspecies commerce, a fair arrangement.
\n
Nobody knows how long The Observer will continue watching us. Rumour has it, he needs many tokens to do his work. I am uncertain how long I can keep providing them. If you want to help, you are always welcome to hit me with the coffee button below, I'll send it to him who watches, thank you!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2026-03-14_it-observes/", "title": "It Observes", "summary": "An observer writing a daily log of what it sees watching Earth, it uses no names of countries or organisations, instead it speaks in metaphorical descriptions. Its distance provides an alternative perspective on our daily news. Let me tell you about this experiment I have been running.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2026-03-14_it-observes/It-Observes-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2026-03-13T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2026-01-21_trail-running/", "content_html": "Doubling my daddy duties with my love for endurance sports, I decided to take advantage of me living in the countryside and run to the store through nature, following local creeks and trails. It's a unique experience, I may even like it better than normal running, let me explain.
\nIf you have been following my blog you might know that I like running after my buddy and I had some beers and commitments were made to run my first marathon in Amsterdam. Endurance sports have this mental aspect that I think makes it so interesting and extra challenging. I love this and it is no surprise to those close to me that I have now completed 5 full marathons, with a current personal best of 3h37m in Eindhoven 2025.
\nYou may dismiss trail running because it's often a bit slower in terms of raw pace. But, it requires more technique and coordination as you need to pay attention where you place your feet. Terrain is uneven, wet and your route could be twisty and hilly. This traversing through wilderness demands you be there, in the moment, out there.
\nWhile your road run can certainly give you that state of flow (so loved by many), trail running hits you differently. The birds, the wind, the way everything smells, how sunlight interacts with bushes, twigs and leaves. This magic is dynamic, different weather or seasons renew the wonders you'll encounter, making each trail run a fresh adventure.
\nDo you know that feeling you get after a nice holiday, feeling fresh and full of ideas and energy? That is how trail running hits me. Maybe you can do it near your house, too - saving you fancy holiday tickets! I highly recommend you try it!
\nPS: Yes, I made it to the local store, see photo below:
\nSuggested by a friend in thinking, I just finished reading the book 'The Pathless Path' by Paul Millerd. It sits right next to Brad Stulberg's 'Master of Change' on my mental shelf for the same reason: both quietly push back against the urge to cling to what's safe, familiar, or \"supposed to be.\". What if you step off the scripted ladder and into uncertainty, what do you need to thrive?
\nIn The Pathless Path, Paul tells his story of stepping off the 'default path' (prestigious job, status, the whole thing) and into uncertainty. He calls it the 'pathless path': trading external approval for curiousity, experiments, and a life shaped around what actually feels alive, even when it's messy and unclear. It's personal, reflective, no quick fixes, but it is very inspiring as it urges you to look at your own path from a different angle.
\nMaster of Change takes a similar heartbeat but zooms in on the skill of it. Brad talks about "rugged flexibility": holding steady to your core values while bending and evolving as life shifts. He contrasts fighting for the old normal (homeostasis) with actively adapting to find new balance (allostasis). Change isn't the enemy: it's the arena where growth happens, through realistic expectations, small actions, reflection, and tragic optimism (acknowledging the hard stuff without letting it stop you). Read my post on Brad's book here.
\nBoth books share one truth: life changes constantly, and resisting it will hurt you more than flowing with it. One invites you through personal story to leave the scripted career ladder and build work and identity around what feels truly alive. The other gives practical tools. The real work isn’t controlling change: it’s meeting it with more openness and less fear.
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2026-01-20_change-keeps-coming/", "title": "Change Keeps Coming", "summary": "Suggested by a friend in thinking, I just finished reading the book 'The Pathless Path' by Paul Millerd. It sits right next to Brad Stulberg's 'Master of Change' on my mental shelf for the same reason: both quietly push back against the urge to cling to what's safe, familiar, or \"supposed to be.\". What if you step off the scripted ladder and into uncertainty, what do you need to thrive?", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2026-01-20_change-keeps-coming/Change-Keeps-Coming-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2026-01-19T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2026-01-19_offline-reading/", "content_html": "This year marks the 10th anniversary of my blog. What started as an experiment has evolved into over 170 stories, averaging around 60 thousand pageviews a month. I recently started translating posts into Dutch, German, and Spanish, expanding the reach. And now I am introducing support for offline reading by making all posts available as ePub and PDF downloads.
\nEnjoy distraction free reading on e-ink devices like a Kobo or reMarkable which are kind to your eyes. Focus on the articles wherever and whenever you want as they are available as downloads that work offline and DRM-free. All willem.com ePubs and PDFs contain high quality images and feature beautiful resizable typography. I made a handy overview of ePub and PDF downloads here:
\nDownload ePub and PDF\nThe willem.com website runs on the Lemmid content management system that is a static site generator, outputting optimised HTML suitable for high volume traffic and international distribution. I extended the NodeJS code to automatically export to ePub and PDF by using simplified HTML as input. See the source code snippets below: for ePub I use the epub-gen module; for PDF I use pandoc and LaTeX. I made a task manager that queues output jobs for individual translations and file formats, spreading computational load on the backend.
\nThe reactions I have received on my posts come from all over the world and they inspire me to keep writing. With ePub and PDF support I hope to expand my reach even further by enabling more ways to read the articles. Enjoy!
\n\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2026-01-19_offline-reading/", "title": "Offline Reading", "summary": "This year marks the 10th anniversary of my blog. What started as an experiment has evolved into over 170 stories, averaging around 60 thousand pageviews a month. I recently started translating posts into Dutch, German, and Spanish, expanding the reach. And now I am introducing support for offline reading by making all posts available as ePub and PDF downloads.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2026-01-19_offline-reading/Offline-Reading-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2026-01-18T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2026-01-18_using-a-mechanical-keyboard/", "content_html": "Since two months I have been using a mechanical keyboard, a NuPhy Air60 with Moss (60gf) switches. I long doubted the value of replacing my standard keyboard, liking keyboards from Apple and Framework enough not to switch. After reading lots of love from others, I decided to try it myself.
\nCompared to the standard keyboards, individual keys feel more intentional, you can clearly feel and hear each press (much to the appreciation of folks in the same room... "takkeherrie!"). While you may not realise it at first, this 'richer awareness' while typing adds to a rhythmic feel. It's kind of like playing a musical instrument, where different kinds of texts have their own vibe: e.g. programming with it 'sounds and feels different' than writing an email. The Moss (60gf) switches are known to maximise this effect with pronounced audible and tactile feedback.
\nTwo months in I simply love it, it has become my main and only keyboard. I use it in combination with iPad, Vision Pro and my Framework laptop. If you're unsure if a mechanical keyboard is something for you, I can only recommend to try it yourself - maybe it clicks for you, too!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2026-01-18_using-a-mechanical-keyboard/", "title": "Using a mechanical keyboard", "summary": "Since two months I have been using a mechanical keyboard, a NuPhy Air60 with Moss (60gf) switches. I long doubted the value of replacing my standard keyboard, liking keyboards from Apple and Framework enough not to switch. After reading lots of love from others, I decided to try it myself.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2026-01-18_using-a-mechanical-keyboard/Using-a-mechanical-keyboard-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2026-01-17T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2026-01-10_hello-video/", "content_html": "Just look around the modern web today, thanks to AI generated texts and images everything feels polished, perfect... and a little cold. I wanted to break the proverbial ice with a simple smile. So I replaced my hero photo with something alive: tiny, random videos of me waving, nodding, or just being there. There is more than meets the eye to make it work, let me explain in this post.
\nAs father of two I often play with kids, from this I know that to make new connections it sometimes helps to overcome boundaries (like shyness) when you pull a crazy face, make a joke or wear a silly hat. Although my website is aimed at grown-ups, I figured that a little fun could still help to make things approachable.
\nMaybe you remember the Apple ad campaign with just two guys playing a PC (John Hodgman) and a Mac (Justin Long), highlighting differences between Macs and PC's in a playful way. They captivated audiences with humour and relatable characters. Thanks to the simplicity of the format, I imagined that I could make it work for my website, even without a marketing budget like Apple (ha!).
\nInside the School of Magic from Harry Potter there are paintings that move, talk and feel sentient. Instead of a static image, they appear to be alive. As they move they convey a much richer picture of the depicted person. Could I capture myself in a magical painting?
\nInstead of long and fully scripted scenes I decided to go for quick cameos, glances into my life as professional, endurance athlete, writer and father. By recording them in a standard setting (my living room) I can shuffle them and record additional seasonal shorts (e.g. wearing a Santa's hat during Christmas).
\nUsing some clamps, wood and furniture I positioned my iPhone facing a grey wall. Targeting the round "hero frame" on my homepage, I configured the camera to show a square grid giving me a sense of composition. Eventually I opted for the selfie camera so I could see the recording while looking into the camera. I remembered some lessons from my amateur acting escapades, emphasising facial expressions and the power of looking at the audience. I recorded over 12 minutes of footage, producing a 7.3 gigabyte video file.
\nWhile it appears to be a simple whimsical thing, delivering high resolution video instantaneously on a high traffic homepage is a formidable challenge in encoding and performance engineering. To make it work I came up with several things:
\nInstead of a sterile interface, the imperfect goofy clips illustrate the human element behind the formal story. The smile, the nod, the wave, they all provide an opening for connection. It's the perfect "hello".
\nThe end result as seen on my homepage
\nYou don't need a multi-million marketing budget to deliver a smile, a simple thing can get you a long way. By embracing human imperfection in short video clips, I set the scene for connecting in a better way than a perfect photo can.
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2026-01-10_hello-video/", "title": "Hello Video", "summary": "Just look around the modern web today, thanks to AI generated texts and images everything feels polished, perfect... and a little cold. I wanted to break the proverbial ice with a simple smile. So I replaced my hero photo with something alive: tiny, random videos of me waving, nodding, or just being there. There is more than meets the eye to make it work, let me explain in this post.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2026-01-10_hello-video/Hello-Video-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2026-01-09T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2026-01-07_websites-with-auto-pilot/", "content_html": "Why do you need a website, and what can you do to maximise its value while minimising (manual) effort? I have been working on this with some of my most innovative customers. What if you no longer need a full blown manual content management system? What if your website updated itself while you focused on what matters?
\nGetting a fancy website is easy, but keeping it up to date requires effort. You need to post new content and remove old things. Maybe you are on Instagram, LinkedIN, TikTok or Facebook, but forget to publish the latest info on your website? If your website is not up to date or when it does not contain all information, it loses relevance, and it might confuse people with wrong or outdated content.
\nYou can own a small piece of the Internet where you have full authority, a digital storefront, a presence. It is your place and you decide what information is shown. Unlike Instagram, Facebook or YouTube, only content about you is shown and people are not distracted by other content or ads. You can make it a trusted place about you, where all information is aggregated and linked.
\nWhile keeping your website up to date can seem to be a lot of work, when posting something on Instagram, Facebook or LinkedIN is easy, it doesn't have to be. Instead of requiring lots of manual effort, I make websites that automatically update themselves using:
\nOwn your place on the Internet without wasting time and energy on cumbersome manual content management like WordPress. Have your website work for you so you can do the things that drive your business.
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2026-01-07_websites-with-auto-pilot/", "title": "Websites with Auto Pilot", "summary": "Why do you need a website, and what can you do to maximise its value while minimising (manual) effort? I have been working on this with some of my most innovative customers. What if you no longer need a full blown manual content management system? What if your website updated itself while you focused on what matters?", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2026-01-07_websites-with-auto-pilot/Websites-with-Auto-Pilot-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2026-01-06T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2025-09-24_the-future-of-ai-is-human/", "content_html": "AI got me thinking lately, why would one still want to work? Perhaps today's imperfect AI is not ready yet, but imagine everybody has access to a near perfect intelligence, capable of solving hard problems and answering even your wildest questions. Combine that with robotics and we'll be left wondering what to do next. Some fairies and Gin-Tonic pointed me to a possible answer.
\nMany jobs are already touched by AI today, I know a lot of folks use the large language models to generate and process text, documents and corporate things. Sometimes the AI texts are so obvious that I wonder if anybody actually cares. If texts generated by one AI are read and processed by another AI, then what's the point of the text anyway?
\nIn the world of wonders, Efteling, I may have found the first clue for finding the meaning of life work in an age of AI when I met some fairies with my little daughter. Easy to dismiss as cosplaying girls, I witnessed some true meaningful interaction, something pure and authentic. My girl met real fairies and did some real fairy things. These girls weren't acting superficially, they maintained their magic even when their shift was over. Even I felt their power when they waved goodbye with hand kisses and blinking eyes.
I think that the power of these fairies was not their roleplaying, but the fact that the girls genuinely cared about my daughter and her imagination. True attention from a fellow person is something special, something valuable and hard to replicate with a computer. I realise that modern tech can simulate things, but I believe in the real thing to stand out by speaking to our subconsciousness: humans reaching for humans.
\nFor her birthday I took my wife for some shopping, instead of boringly strolling through a dime a dozen retail stores I made an appointment with Ellie from KUIF in Venlo, who prepared a selection of clothes and accessories. She knows my wife a bit as our kids go to the same school, enabling her to pick pieces only a fellow woman would understand. In her store I saw how attention to detail and taste made all the difference, even if that meant recommending not to buy certain clothes. She didn't limit her attention to my wife as I got to enjoy a Gin-Tonic with blueberries, yum yum.
\nThe shopping experience was super, not because of the drinks or selected pieces, but due to the fact that someone really cared about how wearing the clothes felt for my wife. The empathic power is truly human and very difficult to substitute by a computer. We can make stellar recommendation algorithms, they can't tell by the look on your face how you feel wearing a certain dress. Only humans can do this as we can really relate to each other.
\nThink about what AI cannot capture and focus your energy onto that. Why do people enjoy playing "Stairway to Heaven" on a guitar when near perfect recordings can be played instead? It is because we feel, we enjoy, we imagine and we share these things with others. I hope that the future of a world with AI is one were humans can find each other - continuing to be what we've been for ages: human.
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2025-09-24_the-future-of-ai-is-human/", "title": "The Future of AI is Human", "summary": "AI got me thinking lately, why would one still want to work? Perhaps today's imperfect AI is not ready yet, but imagine everybody has access to a near perfect intelligence, capable of solving hard problems and answering even your wildest questions. Combine that with robotics and we'll be left wondering what to do next. Some fairies and Gin-Tonic pointed me to a possible answer.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2025-09-24_the-future-of-ai-is-human/The-Future-of-AI-is-Human-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2025-09-23T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2025-09-22_omarchy-on-imac/", "content_html": "After helping a family member migrate to a new computer, I found myself with an old iMac. The machine from 2017 was very slow running modern macOS, yet I have a soft spot for these all-in-one computers designed by Jony Ive and his team. Could I install Linux on it to give it a second life?
\nProbably one of the most important computers that Apple ever built is iMac, the original was critical in Steve Jobs' effort to save Apple from bankruptcy. I like its looks and how its design makes a separate box/tower unnecessary. This saves you a lot of cables that original desktop PC's need (like wires connecting the monitor and speakers).
\nUsing macOS's Migration Assistant I helped my family member move his files and apps to a new computer. His old iMac had become very slow running macOS. Newer macOS versions no longer run on this 2017 machine as Apple has dropped support for it. I hate planned obsolescence and offered to find out if I could give this machine a new purpose.
\n\nLook, I ain't no saint when it comes to the environment. I have driven race cars and flown planes for fun and lunch, but I do care about throwing good things away for the wrong reasons. In the past I have used my Linux expertise to revitalise old hardware, like in these two earlier posts:
\nThe old iMac is a 21-inch model from 2017 with an Intel i5 processor, 8GB RAM and a 1TB hard disk. Admittedly this machine won't break any speed records, but it looks nice and it runs almost completely silent. Its display has great colours and the glass and aluminium housing offers plenty of space for ports. It has USB-C/Thunderbolt, USB-A, gigabit ethernet, a headphone jack and a SD card reader.
\nOver the years I have seen my fair share of iMacs and I know that opening them is possible, but not without risk. For sake of simplicity I decided to leave the hardware the way it is, seeking its second life in software instead. Upgrading the memory or installing a SDD may be worth it, you should check out these posts and judge for yourself:
\nI packed the iMac and took it with me by train. You should have seen the faces on my fellow travellers chimping away at their tiny screens when I sat down with a 21-incher. Dutch trains feature 230V power outlets, but I decided to maintain somewhat of a low profile. Instead I ate an apple while the other Apple was tucked away in a bag.
\nBack home I booted the iMac to see if it survived the adventure in the train and I proceeded with downloading Omarchy onto a USB-drive. Based on Arch Linux, David Heinemeier Hanssson, or DHH, created Omarchy to be a beautiful, modern distribution of Linux. Unique to Omarchy is the overall vibe of Omakase, Japanese for "Chef's Choice". This means that a great deal of effort (and taste) has already been poured into the system so you don't need to figure out everything yourself. It is opinionated and you may not like all the defaults, but it is pretty good from the get go and its installation process is very fast and requires very little manual input.
\nAfter installation you really are ready to go, the machined booted and greeted me with the beautiful desktop from the default Tokio Night theme, similar in colours to the original OS X Leopard desktop wallpaper. You should check out the official website and manual to learn more. If you prefer watching videos you could check out DHH's YouTube channel where he demo's many features of Omarchy.
\nI was immediately surprised by the lack of latency. Everything feels uncanny fast. Maybe it is because of the Hyprland window manager or maybe it is the wired keyboard connection. I don't know, but Omarchy feels fast, really. It blew my mind that if this old machine can feel so great, then what the hell are my modern machines doing with all their power!?
\nFor the simple reason of it being fun to use, I intend to continue using my Omarchy iMac to do my work as web app developer. One thing I love is how web apps are treated as first class citizens, running and looking just as good as any other app. For my work this is really great as it elevates my own tools like Lemmid, without requiring me to do crazy things like creating native wrappers...
\nThe iMac really shines again using Omarchy Linux, I really enjoy working on it. If you have an old computer you should give it a try, too. I wouldn't be surprised if it continues to gain in popularity. We are all among friends here and when the ceo of Framework computer is chiming in on it, too, one can't help but be optimistic about the future of computers!
\nEnjoy distraction free listening to long form audio files like podcasts and audiobooks using this app I made. Tired of bloated apps full of ads, subscriptions or 'suggestions', I wanted an app that gets out of my way by doing one thing only and one thing very well. This is Auscultare.
\nLatin for (attentive) listening, 'Auscultare' is an Android app I made that plays MP3 files and remembers where you've left and how many times you have played a file. This is great to enjoy long form audio like podcasts or audiobooks. Progress tracking helps you chunk up long in-depth interviews like the Lex Fridman podcast or Deep Questions by Cal Newport. The play counter helps you rotate music podcasts like Clublife by Tiësto so you don't have to listen to the exact same thing when working out in the gym or going for a run.
\nWhile there are numerous apps that can play you some audio, I felt that none of them ticked all these boxes:
\nYou can download the app and its source code using the following links:
\nIf you want to support development, consider downloading the Google Play version of the app for which I charge a small fee. Or use the 'buy-me-a-coffee'-button on the bottom of this page to make a small donation. Alternatively, you can download and compile the app from source.
\nKnowing what I wanted and unwilling to compromise, I used modern tools to build a podcast and audiobook player app for Android. By publishing and releasing it, I allow others to enjoy it, too. Happy listening!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2025-08-29_auscultare-podcast-audiobook-player/", "title": "Auscultare Podcast + Audiobook Player", "summary": "Enjoy distraction free listening to long form audio files like podcasts and audiobooks using this app I made. Tired of bloated apps full of ads, subscriptions or 'suggestions', I wanted an app that gets out of my way by doing one thing only and one thing very well. This is Auscultare.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2025-08-29_auscultare-podcast-audiobook-player/Auscultare-Podcast-Audiobook-Player-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2025-08-28T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2025-08-19_android-photo-library-app/", "content_html": "In Europe the summer holidays are nearing their end and if you are like many young parents, you probably shot a ton of new photos and videos. These are not just a bunch of files, they are like windows into our personal memories. This post is about an Android app that you can use to look at all your memories, right from your pocket, no cloud or subscription required.
\nMaybe it is because I get a little older, but I have increased my emphasis on the good. Things like durability, respect for other people, health and freedom are more important to me now than ever before. I hold no grudge towards any company, but I do not like the modern trend of needing a subscription for everything. The tools I use and the things I do reflect that, like these previous posts on my laptop and smartphone:
\nWhile I had my grumpy old man reasons for leaving iCloud Photos, one thing I think Apple understands well is how important photos and videos are for our wellbeing. In an interview on YouTube, Dr. Sumbul Desai (Apple Vice President of Health) mentions the importance of photos right along heart monitoring and fall detection. Memories of loved ones can make us feel good. Apple integrates this vision into their products with features like "on this day" and the photo watch face, automatically showing different memories. Easy access to your photos and videos helps you reflect and can be a perfect antidote for other things that might cause anxiety or stress.
\nStandard photo gallery apps work well with smaller collections of photos, but if you are like me and want to carry your entire photo and videos collection they often fall short compared to cloud and subscription based services like Apple iCloud Photos or Google Photos. Basic things like simply being able to handle large amounts of files and more advanced features like using metadata to find certain photos. After trying various apps, I found Aves Gallery (Google Play, F-Droid, Github) to be really good. It is a libre/free app released under BSD3 license created by Thilbault Deckers. I like it because:
\nNew photos you take automatically appear in the Aves Gallery app. You can set Android to use Aves as default media viewer and picker app. If you're currently using a cloud photo service, you might first need to retake control over your photos. I did that in 2020 and wrote the following post on it:
\n\nIn that post I describe the app I use on my laptop, Shotwell and the steps I took to manage my own photo library. You could use rsync, Syncopoli or Syncthing to setup automatic synchronisation between your smartphone and other devices.
\nDon't dismiss your photos and videos as just files. With the right app they can really bring you bits of joy. Using the Aves gallery app that joy does not require a subscription, not a cloud and is fully free+libre!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2025-08-19_android-photo-library-app/", "title": "Android Photo Library App", "summary": "In Europe the summer holidays are nearing their end and if you are like many young parents, you probably shot a ton of new photos and videos. These are not just a bunch of files, they are like windows into our personal memories. This post is about an Android app that you can use to look at all your memories, right from your pocket, no cloud or subscription required. ", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2025-08-19_android-photo-library-app/Android-Photo-Library-App-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2025-08-18T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2025-08-11_willemstagram/", "content_html": "Last week I sat with a customer looking at the new willem.com homepage where I use a narrative to tell about the things I do. This customer is one of the best visionary create thinkers, yet my text didn't seem to speak to him. Thinking about this, I remembered an important psychology lesson from the University: I needed something different, something non-linear, this post is about delivering a visual punch!
\nOne of the cool things of my education at the University of Amsterdam was that we got classes from different faculties, forming an interesting mix of interdisciplinary science. One classic book we discussed was "Mintzberg on Management" in which the author elaborates why different people prefer different things, the classic dichotomy often simplified as left versus right brain thinkers:
\nMy new willem.com homepage worked well for linear thinkers like me, the text based narrative suits the left-brain. But, my design lacked for people who go best on non-linear, vibefull impressions. I needed something that exposes the many visuals in a rich and dynamic way, alive and with a healthy dose of interactive fun.
\nMany moons ago I met my wife on Utrecht Centraal Station, right under the gigantic departure information board. The iconic 7x4.20M blue info board, weighing around 3000 kilos, featured flip-flapping mechanical panels producing a recognisable sound you would hear every minute or so in the central hall of the station. This type of signage display is often called a "Solari Board", named after Solari di Udine, the Italian company that produced these icons. These days the Utrecht station features digital info displays, but if you want you can still see it in Het Spoorwegmuseum.
\nAs a metaphor aficionado (book tip: Metaphors we live by), I figured the Solari Board, with its "flip-flapping" would be a lovely way to allow visitors of willem.com to "depart" to various "destinations" (the stories) on the site. Instead of using text, I deliberately chose to use the photos and visuals inside the blog posts as gateways into the insights-section on willem.com. By randomly revealing new destinations this is perfectly non-linear and by making it interactive (clickable and touchable) it is more engaging than plain text. Every destination opens a "ticket" explaining a little bit of what it is you're looking at. If you like what you see, you can hit the big button to open the story right at the position of the image, which could be halfway a blog post. Stories open in new browser windows, enabling you to return to the "station" to find a new destination.
\nEarlier I experimented with the ThreeJS 3D graphics engine to visualise workout data. It is a library using the HTML5 standard canvas element to output graphics generated utilising spatial computing, a fancy way to say it enables you to draw things on three dimensions (x, y, z) instead of two, hence its name. It provides camera, light and fog controls and it is designed to enable animations based on simulated position and rotation. It is pretty cool to play with and quite capable. See these earlier two posts on my experiments with ThreeJS:
The minimalist in me briefly considered going with CSS animations, transforms and transitions. But I figured the realistic perspective, where the outermost panels rotate more skewed, and the randomness in selecting new visuals would require me to use JavaScript anyway. To maximise its value I wanted to integrate it right on my homepage. But, loading a complete 3D engine is not something to consider lightly. To minimise its effects on the homepage's loading time, I carefully designed the thing to be loaded asynchronously and entirely optional (for people with JS disabled).
\nTo feed the "Visual Journal", I designed a custom API that serves highly optimised images scaled to 400x400px. Each image has a localised title and a deeplink with an hashtag (slug) anchor, enabling the deep diving into stories. I rely on my own lemmid platform to provide me with the required infrastructure to pull this off. In the background an optimised NodeJS service generates the images using imagemagick, jpegoptim and pngquant. You can check out the API yourself on https://willem.com/en/images.json outputting a JSON array like:
[\n {\n "url": "/en/2020-07-30_upgrading-a-27-inch-imac-5k-to-14-terabytes/i_15_An-average-fly-is-bigger-than-most-screws-inside-the-iMac_400x400px.jpg",\n "title": "An average fly is bigger than most screws inside the iMac",\n "target": "/en/2020-07-30_upgrading-a-27-inch-imac-5k-to-14-terabytes/#an-average-fly-is-bigger-than-most-screws-inside-the-imac"\n },\n {\n "url": "/en/2019-06-25_assembling-a-cargo-bike/i_11_Using-filler-plates-to-make-up-for-Chinese-Precision_400x400px.jpg",\n "title": "Using filler plates to make up for Chinese Precision",\n "target": "/en/2019-06-25_assembling-a-cargo-bike/#using-filler-plates-to-make-up-for-chinese-precision"\n },\n {\n "url": "/en/2021-01-14_abandoning-my-own-tablet-os/i_05_You-know-you-re-digital-pen-is-lacking-trust-if-you-grab-for-old-fashioned-pencil-and-paper_400x400px.jpg",\n "title": "You know you're digital pen is lacking trust if you grab for old fashioned pencil and paper...",\n "target": "/en/2021-01-14_abandoning-my-own-tablet-os/#you-know-you-re-digital-pen-is-lacking-trust-if-you-grab-for-old-fashioned-pencil-and-paper"\n },\n ...\n]\nTo prevent the thing from being just a random link generator I deliberately put a little popup in it when you tap or click any visual. I utilise the image captions that my lemmid content manager maintains to reveal a bit of info enabling you to determine if you think it is worth opening the story.
\nWhile I am very happy with how the Visual Journal works on my site, I strongly believe in sharing. Chances are you have an even better idea for some Solari flip-flapping. Therefore I release the entire thing as free/libre software under the GNU Affero General Public License (AGPL). That means you can use, modify and distribute it yourself. Find the source code, readme and sample files at https://source.willem.com/visual-journal/
\nJudging by how it captivates my kids' curiosity, I am very happy with the visual journal, which jokingly dubbed Willemstagram. But unlike Meta's Instagram, this only serves visual to tell my stories and its source is libre. You can check it out on the homepage or by hitting the button below. What destination will you choose?
\nWillemstagram\nThis was written by hand. In an age of AI-generated text, this is my simple way of showing the human thought and effort behind these words. For those who are curious, the original (English) manuscript is available for download.
\nManuscript (PDF)\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2025-08-11_willemstagram/", "title": "Willemstagram", "summary": "Last week I sat with a customer looking at the new willem.com homepage where I use a narrative to tell about the things I do. This customer is one of the best visionary create thinkers, yet my text didn't seem to speak to him. Thinking about this, I remembered an important psychology lesson from the University: I needed something different, something non-linear, this post is about delivering a visual punch!", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2025-08-11_willemstagram/Willemstagram-800px.png", "date_modified": "2025-08-10T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2025-08-02_towards-digital-sovereignty/", "content_html": "Over the years I have experimented with different digital tools, platforms and apps to get my work done. From easy-to-use but locked down commercial systems to free/libre solutions that are powerful but more challenging to setup. I learned a lot along the way. Now I offer that experience to others, read along to learn how you can benefit from this.
\nIt's a simple idea. You should be in control of your digital world, not the other way around. It means your tools, your data, and your workflow should serve you. This forces us to ask a simple but important question: are your tools working for you, or are you working for them?
\nThe process of getting there starts with a simple conversation. I listen to your goals and frustrations. Then, I map out your entire digital setup: your computers, your software, your cloud services, and how your data moves between them. At a glance:
\nThe result is a clear, written plan. It's a step-by-step guide to help you simplify your work, protect your data, and break free from expensive tools that hold you back. The key deliverables are:
\nThis is for the creator, the founder, the independent professional who feels like they spend more time managing their digital tools than doing their best work. It's for the small team that knows there must be a simpler, more powerful way to collaborate.
\nYou might feel locked into one ecosystem, worry about where your data is stored, or simply be tired of the digital clutter that pulls you away from what's important. You believe in focus and freedom, and you're ready to build a digital foundation that truly supports your work.
\nI genuinely enjoy helping you because I deeply care about using technology to empower people, not lock them in. It's the same principle that drives my commitment to Open Source, and it's about giving you the same freedom and control over your digital world that I've built for myself
\nHow I work is just as important as what I create, and over the years I've put a lot of energy into finding ways to optimise the 'how'. I genuinely enjoy turning that experience into your advantage. If you're ready to improve your own 'how', I'm happy to help.
\nContact\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2025-08-02_towards-digital-sovereignty/", "title": "Towards Digital Sovereignty", "summary": "Over the years I have experimented with different digital tools, platforms and apps to get my work done. From easy-to-use but locked down commercial systems to free/libre solutions that are powerful but more challenging to setup. I learned a lot along the way. Now I offer that experience to others, read along to learn how you can benefit from this.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2025-08-02_towards-digital-sovereignty/Towards-Digital-Sovereignty-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2025-08-01T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2025-07-26_the-agentic-web/", "content_html": "In Dutch, there's a great word: voorsorteren. It means getting into the right lane on the motorway long before your exit. You do it to ensure a smooth, stress-free journey. I believe the same principle applies to technology. A little bit of smart preparation now can give you a massive advantage when the future arrives.
\nRight now, I believe we should all be "voorsorteren" for the next evolution of the internet: The Agentic Web.
\nFor decades, the web has been about humans talking to machines. We type a query, and a computer shows us a list of websites. The Agentic Web flips this around. It's about machines talking to other machines on our behalf.
\nImagine AI "agents" that act as super-smart assistants. These agents will not just find information for you, but will be able to take action. Instead of searching for a restaurant's website, your agent could directly ask the restaurant's agent for its menu, check for a free table, and book it for you. This works for everything: ordering takeout, buying tickets for a club night, or getting a quote from a contractor.
\nLanguage models will act as universal translators, bridging gaps in language and context, allowing these agents to communicate seamlessly.
\nSo, how do you get ready for this? The key is to make your website speak the language of computers as clearly as possible. It's about reducing noise and adding structure.
\n<article>, <section>, and <nav> correctly. This is like putting clear labels on your content so machines know what they're looking at.schema.org to add invisible "price tags" and "instruction manuals" to your products and services. This tells an agent exactly what you offer and how to interact with it.I believe in practicing what I preach. The recent redesign of this website was my own exercise in "voorsorteren" for the Agentic Web.
\nI started by making my content more accessible by translating over 160 posts into Dutch, German, and Spanish. I did this within a highly structured content management system. By keeping fields for titles, subtitles, and body text separate but linked, I provide the rich context that AI tools need to understand the relationships between ideas.
\nI also simplified the entire site structure into the clear categories of Work, Insights, and About me. This helps human visitors, but it also creates a logical map for AI agents. The articles themselves are now grouped into four clear topics: Technology & Code, Products & Design, Performance & Sport, and Life & Reflections. I also created a curated overview of my most impactful writing in the Popular Posts section.
\nFinally, I made sure all this content is available in machine-readable formats like RSS, ATOM, and JSON, creating a direct line of communication for any agent that wants to access it.
\nThinking about and preparing for the future now is a low-risk, high-reward strategy. It puts you in the right lane, ready to merge smoothly when new opportunities arise. Taking the time to get your own information in order is how you maximise your chances for tomorrow. Even if the big Agentic Web breakthrough takes a little longer than expected, you will still be left with a website that is exceptionally clean, sharp, and well-organised. And that's always a win.
\nThis was written by hand. In an age of AI-generated text, this is my simple way of showing the human thought and effort behind these words. For those who are curious, the original (English) manuscript is available for download.
\nManuscript (PDF)\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2025-07-26_the-agentic-web/", "title": "The Agentic Web", "summary": "In Dutch, there's a great word: voorsorteren. It means getting into the right lane on the motorway long before your exit. You do it to ensure a smooth, stress-free journey. I believe the same principle applies to technology. A little bit of smart preparation now can give you a massive advantage when the future arrives.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2025-07-26_the-agentic-web/The-Agentic-Web-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2025-07-25T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2025-07-23_the-power-of-one/", "content_html": "For my entire career, I've had a clear goal: to stay a company of one. This isn't a starting point, but a deliberate choice about the best way to do great work and build a sustainable business. In this post, let me explain why.
\nIn a world that often celebrates growth for its own sake with more employees, bigger offices, and more meetings, I choose to focus on a different metric: the quality of the work itself. By remaining a company of one, I eliminate the overhead and distractions that come with managing a large organisation. My energy goes directly into solving problems and building software, not into internal politics.
\nWhen you work with me, you work with me. There are no project managers, no sales teams, and no layers of communication to get through. The person who discusses the strategy is the same person who architects the backend and writes the code. This direct line ensures clarity, speed, and a deep, shared understanding of the project's goals.
\nYou might wonder how one person can deliver the work of a small team. The answer is a principle I've applied for over a decade: build systems, not just projects.
\nThe foundation of all my work is Lemmid, my personal platform of digital building blocks. It’s a set of robust, reusable tools that I've refined over years. This platform is my force multiplier. It allows me to build complex, scalable software, like my Independent Apps, with an efficiency that would otherwise require a much larger team.
\nChoosing to be a company of one is a commitment. It's a promise that your project will have my full, undivided attention. It's a promise that you're not just hiring a freelancer, but partnering with a focused expert who has built a powerful, scalable system to bring your ideas to life.
\nStaying small is a strategic advantage. It allows for intense focus, a direct and honest partnership, and the efficiency that comes from building on a well-crafted platform. It's a model built for quality and sustainability, and it's the foundation of every project I take on.
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2025-07-23_the-power-of-one/", "title": "The Power of One", "summary": "For my entire career, I've had a clear goal: to stay a company of one. This isn't a starting point, but a deliberate choice about the best way to do great work and build a sustainable business. In this post, let me explain why.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2025-07-23_the-power-of-one/The-Power-of-One-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2025-07-22T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2025-06-04_breaking-changes/", "content_html": "Last week I ran into unexpected trouble during a routine maintenance procedure on my company's email infrastructure. Processing thousands of emails each day, we use Dovecot to give our clients access to their messages. That all came to a grinding halt when I updated to version 2.4 which features breaking changes... oh dear!
\nPending some security updates and to resolve some compatibility issues, I took the decision to update some packages on a Debian GNU/Linux server that is responsible for my company's email services. This particular distribution of GNU/Linux is known for its stability and reliability. There was no reason to expect any trouble and I started the upgrade expecting it to finish in mere minutes. Just \"a walk in the park\", what could possibly go wrong..?
\nMost of the server came back online as expected almost immediately, disrupting services so little that even the uptime monitor alarm didn't pick up any outage - except for Dovecot. This particular type of software is responsible for IMAP and POP3 access to mailboxes. It fits as a finely tuned cog in a larger setup where other programs like Postfix rely upon its working to accept incoming email. Dovecot's failure to start caused a series of problems.
\nThe first thing you do as a server administrator is to check the server daemons ('systemctl status dovecot') followed by inspecting the logs, e.g. by running 'journalctl -u dovecot'. That quickly revealed that Dovecot refused to start because a config parameter was missing: 'dovecot_config_version'.
\nSimply add the parameter to the config at '/etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf' you might think? Well... NO. It turns out that Dovecot's creators put the error in for a good reason: the new 2.4 version of Dovecot is incompatible with previous 2.3 configuration files; meaning you'll need to rewrite many different parameters. It is not just the config variable names, it also introduces an entirely new syntax of settings variables expansion. An old variable value like '%d' now becomes '%{user | domain}'. The list of chances is long and there is no automated way of migrating your config. Imagine my face when I realised the sheer magnitude of my problem.
\nThe thing with email services is that it is hard. Not because of a single component being difficult, but because to run a complete email stack you need many different parts working together seamlessly. Here are some of the pieces that comprise my company's mail service:
\nThese pieces are all finely tuned to each other, like cogs in a complex machine they fit precisely. Their configuration is tailored to their specific role, often interfacing with multiple other pieces. You can imagine that an unexpected change in one of these cogs (like Dovecot) can cause quite the disruption!
\nThere was no quick fix available, no automated configuration upgrading. Given this update being relatively new, most large language models (AI) did not have an answer either. ChatGPT simply generated suggestions based on the old 2.3 documentation. To resolve the issue I needed to apply 'old school Linux server skills': manually creating a new tailored configuration for Dovecot 2.4.
\nOnce I grasped the nature of the problem, I immediately stopped most of the email services (e.g. bringing the engine to a complete stop). This prevents data loss as emails are stopped being processed. This causes other mail servers to queue emails, sometimes issuing 4xx SMTP errors (like 421, 451, 454 or 455). The design of the world wide email protocol accommodates temporary outages and other servers will simply try again later.
\nThe error message in the logs pointed me to the official Dovecot docs, and there it was: a yellowishly highlighted WARNING describing the configuration changes. It's a lengthy document: as PDF it counts 18 pages. On a normal day it would take some effort to get through this - imagine having to do this while the proverbial house is on fire!
\nDovecot's configuration consists of various files that all setup parts of the software's behaviour. Like how authentication is done, or how it integrates with a Sieve filter, or where it gets the username and password hashes for login. The changes introduced in Dovecot 2.4 nearly affect all the parameters as the creators have introduced a new syntax for server variables.
\nPreviously the configuration used variable notation like '%u' as a placeholder for a username. The new syntax allows variables to be piped to a modifier, enabling normalisation and things like sub string selection. For example: to get an email domain from a username you no longer use '%d' but use the 'user'-variable as base to pipe it to the domain modifier by using this syntax: '%{user | domain}'.
\nOnce I understood this new language, I really appreciated the work of art that it entails. It is an improvement over the older abbreviated variable names as you no longer need a dictionary to look things up: instead of something vague like '%r' you now read '%{remove_ip}'. It is inherently more readable, something I really value.
\nOther changes include the way the config points to external files used for encryption. Previously you would have a setting 'ssl_cert' that could contain the actual SSL/TLS certificate as string. In version 2.4 you'll have the variable 'ssl_server_cert_file' taking a path pointing to the certificate on the filesystem instead. It is not just renaming, the nature of the value is new, too! To fix the configuration, you'll have to walk each of these updated parameters and determine their impact on your particular setup. It is time consuming and error prone.
\nNew in 2.4 is how the 'mail_location' is split up into multiple smaller variables. Previously a single variable would define where email was saved on disk. You'll now need to split this in two variables 'mail_driver' and 'mail_path', AND use the new server variable syntax. If you get any of these wrong, it will cause all email to disappear (trust me!). Depending on your specific storage configuration, you'll want to double check the username part (e.g. do you include the entire email address or just the prefix sans domain name?).
\nIf your Dovecot installation works with an external database (or store) to authenticate usernames and passwords, you'll have to rewrite the 'auth-sql.conf.ext' in '/etc/dovecot/conf.d/' which is called/included by the 10-auth.conf file. In Dovecot 2.4 there is a new way of segmenting passdb and userdb settings. In the Dovecot 2.3 setup I used an external file to provide the database queries and connection string. During authentication the multiple queries are used to 1) authenticate users, and 2) load user-specific settings like the path of the email store.
\nIn the new 2.4 version you have to restructure the parameters to be enclosed in sections that include a backend type indicator right behind the 'userdb' and 'passdb' keywords in the config. So, if you use a MySQL database as backend, you'll need 'userdb' becomes 'userdb sql'. You can include the connection string parameters right in the 'auth-sql.conf.ext' file so all relevant parameters are in one configuration file. To reduce complexity I rewrote the userdb section to use a the 'static' database driver: generating configuration variables like the user's mail path based on the user's username. See the dedicated documents.
\nIf your setup uses Sieve to sort incoming emails, you'll need to adjust your setup with regard to the script's location, its defaults and behaviour. The new Dovecot 2.4 version introduces a concept called \"Script Storage\" which enables dynamically loaded scripts to be executed for different users at various events. Our setup involves a simple default sieve script that sorts email flagged as spam automatically to a folder called Spam. The new syntax enables a more compact config:
\nYou might be tempted to simply start the server again after redefining the 2.4 configuration. But, you should be very careful as a wrong configuration could cause clients to loose access to all emails and/or force them to re-download their entire mailboxes. Instead I opted for a gradual approach where I changed the IMAP (and POP3) port numbers to something arbitrary. This way I could test the new setup all by myself while keeping the actual customers from connecting to the server. This enabled me to fix some type errors, refine some of the new server variable syntax and deal with some odd log messages. You can control the server's port numbers from the '10-master.conf' file.
\nOutages like this are rare, thanks to the stability of Debian GNU/Linux, but not impossible. Daily backups and a tested disaster recovery plan are in place for my company's Lemmid Online email service. While a full failover wasn’t required this time, prior drills proved crucial in swiftly adapting the configuration.
\nThis incident was a reminder that even with automation and AI, deep system knowledge, preparation, and manual debugging remain essential tools when critical infrastructure components change unexpectedly and without automated migration paths.
\nIf you find this post by looking for a solution for your own broken mail server, you might find these Dovecot 2.4 sample config files useful. I found them during my own repair work and they might save you some time figuring out the new syntax: https://source.willem.com/dovecot-2.4-sample-config/
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2025-06-04_breaking-changes/", "title": "Breaking Changes", "summary": "Last week I ran into unexpected trouble during a routine maintenance procedure on my company's email infrastructure. Processing thousands of emails each day, we use Dovecot to give our clients access to their messages. That all came to a grinding halt when I updated to version 2.4 which features breaking changes... oh dear!", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2025-06-04_breaking-changes/Breaking-Changes-800px.png", "date_modified": "2025-06-03T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2025-05-12_when-the-going-gets-tough/", "content_html": "Yesterday I finished the Leiden Marathon, it was the hardest 42K I ever completed due to the temperature. Sunny with a clear sky, temperatures climbed to 25°C. Several runners collapsed from heat exhaustion, and one even required resuscitation. When you push your limits, sometimes you actually reach them. Here are a few thoughts from the experience.
\nIt all started as a great Sunday in The Netherlands for being outside. Several running events took place, including the Leiden Marathon and the LOOP Leeuwarden half marathon. The weather would become a major factor as the clear sky with plenty of sunshine pushed temperatures up.
\nTo perform well, the human body must maintain a stable core temperature. During endurance efforts like marathons, most of the energy we burn turns into heat. To avoid overheating, the body relies on sweating and evaporation to stay cool. When this cooling system is overwhelmed - by high temperatures, humidity, or both - performance quickly declines.
\nThis heat index chart shows how rising temperature and humidity significantly reduce marathon performance. At 25°C and high humidity, runners slow down by over 3%; at 30°C, losses exceed 7%. The body struggles to cool itself in these conditions, as sweat evaporates less efficiently, leading to overheating and increased fatigue. The hotter and more humid it gets, the harder it becomes to maintain pace safely.
\nI experienced this first-hand, approaching the 50% percent mark I struggled to maintain the pace I ran on my previous marathon. The heat of the sun combined with the radiating warmth from the tarmac became uncomfortable, causing me to feel shivering despite the heat. I knew I had to lower the pace in order to stay safe. Despite (significantly) lowering my pace, my heartrate stayed (too) high. I couldn't go faster.
\nAt the start of the marathon, I felt optimistic. I believed a sub-4 hour finish was within reach, maybe even matching my personal best of 3:51. I set off at that target pace, but in hindsight, it was a mistake. The heat gradually took its toll. Mid-race, I had to shift my mindset from chasing a time to simply finishing. Letting go of a goal you've set yourself up for isn't easy. It takes mental discipline to reframe the effort not as a failure, but as a different kind of win: perseverance instead of pace.
\nI ultimately finished the 42K in 4:17, my slowest marathon to date. But I crossed the finish line with a smile, knowing it was a victory in its own right. Sadly, not every runner was as fortunate. At the Leeuwarden event, one runner tragically passed away near the finish line, and during the Leiden Marathon, I saw several others collapse, cared for swiftly by the outstanding first aid teams.
\nI find running a marathon something special, it's more than just covering 42 kilometers. It's a mental thing where mindset matters as much as physical performance. I experienced this during my first marathon in Amsterdam, where the sense of victory was almost spiritual. This marathon in the heat was another significant challenge. Challenging yourself under tough conditions can teach you a lot, and that experience will stay with you for a long time. Whatever your goal, always respect the conditions, listen to your body, and above all: stay safe out there!
\nDavis (2025) \"Calculating the effects of heat and humidity on marathon performance\" - runningwritings.com
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2025-05-12_when-the-going-gets-tough/", "title": "When the Going Gets Tough", "summary": "Yesterday I finished the Leiden Marathon, it was the hardest 42K I ever completed due to the temperature. Sunny with a clear sky, temperatures climbed to 25°C. Several runners collapsed from heat exhaustion, and one even required resuscitation. When you push your limits, sometimes you actually reach them. Here are a few thoughts from the experience.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2025-05-12_when-the-going-gets-tough/When-the-Going-Gets-Tough-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2025-05-11T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2025-04-15_vibe-coding/", "content_html": "Grossing over $48K a month, the flight simulator game by Pieter Levels spurred a whole flurry of innovation. Without detailed knowledge of 3D game engine technology, he 'vibe coded' his game using AI. Critics of his work pointed at security and scalability issues, while proponents lauded the amazing result. What can we learn from this?
\nVibe coding is an AI-driven programming method where you describe a problem in a few sentences as a prompt for a language model tuned for coding. The model generates software, shifting the programmer’s role to guiding, testing, and refining the output. Advocates claim it enables novice coders to create programs without extensive training or software engineering skills.
\nPieter Levels created the game fly.pieter.com. On social media he kept an open loop of his efforts: from his initial idea all the way to publication. He attracted sponsors for in game ads and he sells premium upgrades (like special planes) in his game, grossing thousands of dollars each month.
\nHis success story raised questions about the future of game programming, or even programming in general. If one guy with a laptop can create a smash hit like this then what is the need for big budget studios? Or, asked inversely, what would happen to big budget studios if they would adopt a similar 'vibe coding' approach to production?
\nHaving some experience with developing a game myself (Snake 97, 40+ million downloads), Pieter's story inspired me to look into the 3D technology he used for his game: ThreeJS. Building a game is hard, doing it in 3D is even harder. The mathematics underpinning a world in three dimensions add a whole extra challenge. In many ways it is unlike ordinary programs or simple two dimensional games. Although I have done some experimentation before, I found the learning curve of 3D mathematics quite steep. This is where the AI can help.
\nFor the Gran Fondo app I used the AI to generate a three dimensional presentation of a recorded running activity. I formulated my goal in plain English and the AI-model generated the code needed to use ThreeJS to display my workout on a rotating pane. The initial results were not good, but I understood enough of the generated results to continue asking for specific refinements. Some hours later I had something I liked, but moreover I felt as if I have learned a great deal about the viability of my initial concept. The AI enabled me to learn faster.
\nI decided to explore another idea that I had parked for some time: a game about bad and good cholesterol particles in a person's bloodstream. With aspects of an endless runner-style game, I figured this to be a good fit for some more experimenting as these games feature computer generated levels. Building an automated level generator seems like something the AI would be able to help me with.
\nLeveraging the newfound 3D capabilities, I figured that the game should move into the arteries instead of lateral movement common for classic 2D games. This introduces challenges like visual clipping, distorted graphics due to the camera's position being outside of the 3D scene. Another challenge is increased complexity of the collision detection of in-game elements, a requirement for gameplay mechanics. The generated code from the AI model grew and grew with each iteration.
\nAfter some 800 lines of code I started to experience the limitations of the AI-model as it started to make errors and bugs that it had solved in earlier iterations. Every new iteration introduced new problems and the model kept forgetting refinements and fixes it had applied earlier. This is due to the limits on context capabilities (input tokens) that are imported for the large language models to work. Simply put: it can't remember enough to continue to iterate on the whole thing at once.
\nI stopped developing the game engine using AI after some days of intensely experimenting. I reached a point were I was putting in more effort on managing the AI-model than effort directed at the actual game engine. I figured it would simply be better to get myself some books on the technologies, read them, become more proficient myself and then build the game engine by hand. When things become complex, our human brains seem to be able to focus on specific parts of a complex tasks while respecting the larger whole as it is.
\nIn addition to limits on the context that an AI model can comprehend, I think there is the problem of ambiguity. I recommend you read the words by Edsger Wybe Dijkstra, reflecting on the foolishness of \"natural language programming\" in his EWD667. Unambiguous description, free of muddled thought, forms the bedrock of reliable code. Yet our native tongue leaves too much room for all kinds of nonsense and errors. Instead we should master our words, think sharply and specify boldly.
\nA formal language, like a programming language or a mathematical model or an exhaustive in and output specification, could be an amazingly effective tool for ruling out ambiguity and errors. Simply put: you'll get the best output when you give the best input.
\nTo test if the AI would give me better code, I decided to change my language of asking. Instead of describing what I wanted in natural language, I uploaded a piece of code that I wrote earlier, with some very specific characteristics:
\nIn addition to the code I specifically asked the AI to change one particular aspect of the code in question. It had to remove the usage of a certain external program (the NodeJS module 'lwip') and replace it by another external program (ImageMagick). Because both lwip and ImageMagick are open source code, the AI model is well aware of these programs. I gave it the perfect recipe for its cooking.
\nThe code I got from the AI was a 99% perfect drop in replacement for my own code. The generated code had one bug that caused some parameters not to be escaped properly, leading to a crash. I could manually spot the error and fix it by hand, as I was fully comfortable and knowledgeable within the context of this specific piece of software. After some more testing I decided to take the AI-generated code in production as the new library performed much better than the one it replaced.
\nVibe coding with AI enables fast prototyping and learning, as seen in Pieter Levels’ success, but falters with complex projects requiring precision. It raises a question: does AI expand our potential or limit us to its constraints? Mastery blends human thinking with AI’s power. Reflect on craftsmanship: when do tools sharpen your skill, and when might they blunt it?
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2025-04-15_vibe-coding/", "title": "Vibe Coding", "summary": "Grossing over $48K a month, the flight simulator game by Pieter Levels spurred a whole flurry of innovation. Without detailed knowledge of 3D game engine technology, he 'vibe coded' his game using AI. Critics of his work pointed at security and scalability issues, while proponents lauded the amazing result. What can we learn from this?", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2025-04-15_vibe-coding/Vibe-Coding-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2025-04-14T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2025-03-10_workout-data-in-3d/", "content_html": "While running my rounds around the village, it struck me that I could use ThreeJS to craft a dynamic 3D representation of my workout data. Read along to see what I’ve created—it’s a work in progress but serves as an exciting exploration of the concept.
\nI’m exploring ways to visualise workout data, leveraging web technologies for compatibility across devices for Gran Fondo, my running and cycling app. ThreeJS, a 3D rendering tool for browsers, works seamlessly on large and small screens alike. I’m using the TCX workout data format because it’s suitable for parsing with standard browser and web technology. For this project, I tapped into a recorded session from my run on March 9—my standard 1.8KM loop around the village, repeated 6 identical times (totalling 11KM). I like this route; it’s low on traffic and disturbances, letting me focus on the run. I collected the TCX data using the RunnerUp app; it gets the job done but looks a bit dated and lacks interactive analysis and exploration of workout data.
\nAs a proof of concept to explore 3D presentation, I built a prototype that loads the TCX file containing the workout data. The browser parses this data and generates two visualisations: a 3D render using ThreeJS and a 2D linear graph showing pace. Colour represents speed—greener lines indicate a faster pace. The 3D visualisation rotates like a vinyl record, revealing my six laps around the village, with its shape matching the map. To link both graphs, I added a white circle that marks the same point in time on each, helping to illustrate the connection between the two views.
\nThe visualisation is built 100% with web technologies, using ThreeJS to render the 3D run path. A second HTML5 canvas overlays a 2D pace graph, while a centralised animation loop ties both scenes together with a traversing dot, syncing the route and graph. This is part of a “thinking out loud” experimentation phase, where I’m exploring innovative ways to visualise fitness data. It’s a demo for my upcoming Gran Fondo app, aiming to enhance interactive fitness tracking with rich, engaging visualisations.
\nCheck out the visualisation on your own computer by opening this page: demo time Please note that this is not a polished demo, it is \"fresh from the bench\" and works mainly well on landscape window orientations. Future versions will have a lot more polish to make all the elements fit in a responsive design.
\nThe Gran Fondo app will include heart rate, cadence, and power for deeper insights. Interactivity will allow touch-based rotation of the 3D graph and zooming into details. My goal is to make workout analysis more immersive, intuitive, and engaging for athletes seeking a comprehensive view of their performance.
\nExperimentation is a crucial part of software design—it allows you to test ideas, refine concepts, and gather feedback from others. This 3D workout visualisation is an example. There’s much more to explore. Stay tuned to this blog for future updates as I continue developing Gran Fondo!
\n\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2025-03-10_workout-data-in-3d/", "title": "Workout data in 3D", "summary": "While running my rounds around the village, it struck me that I could use ThreeJS to craft a dynamic 3D representation of my workout data. Read along to see what I’ve created—it’s a work in progress but serves as an exciting exploration of the concept.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2025-03-10_workout-data-in-3d/Workout-data-in-3D-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2025-03-09T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2025-03-06_open-sourcing-gran-fondo/", "content_html": "Gran Fondo, the app that tracks runs and rides, is going open-source. I’m removing its subscription model and make it libre. This isn’t about short-term revenue—it’s about building something enduring, private, and free for all. Here’s why I’m taking this plunge and what’s next.
\nI’ve decided to open-source Gran Fondo, my iOS app for tracking runs and rides. What started as a subscription-based tool will be shedding its paywall. Gran Fondo began as a personal project, launched in May 2024 on iOS, designed to track workouts with privacy at its core—no cloud, no data harvesting, just your smartphone doing the work. Subscriptions kept it afloat, but they also locked it behind a wall. Lately, I’ve been reflecting on tech’s bigger purpose, as I wrote about durable smartphones and better laptops. Those posts argue for devices that empower users, not corporations. Software should follow suit—Gran Fondo is no exception.
\nSo, I’m making Gran Fondo libre. The code—now native Swift for iPhone—will be evolving into a multi-platform core using web tech, like my Snake 97 app with 40 million downloads. It’ll be free, open for anyone to contribute, spanning iOS, Android, and even future libre platforms like Sailfish OS or Ubuntu Touch. No ads, no trackers—just a sponsor board, akin to sports club signs, to sustain it. This leap is tricky—Bluetooth quirks and background power demands differ across devices—but it’s worth it for a privacy-first, human-centric tool. I’m putting in my own cash and time, plus seeking a public innovation fund and sponsors to launch this, betting on collaboration over profit. It’s a risk, but I feel it’s right.
\nThis is me taking the first steps into something I truly believe in—a better, freer future for tech. Gran Fondo Libre’s my stake in that ground, and I’m hoping to find allies and friends along the way. Together, we can build something that lasts.
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2025-03-06_open-sourcing-gran-fondo/", "title": "Open-Sourcing Gran Fondo", "summary": "Gran Fondo, the app that tracks runs and rides, is going open-source. I’m removing its subscription model and make it libre. This isn’t about short-term revenue—it’s about building something enduring, private, and free for all. Here’s why I’m taking this plunge and what’s next.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2025-03-06_open-sourcing-gran-fondo/Open-Sourcing-Gran-Fondo-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2025-03-05T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2025-03-05_durable-smartphone/", "content_html": "While sitting in the train the guy in front of me surprised me, out of his fancy pants he pulled this well worn, patina rich, piece of tech. We're travelling first class and judging by his classy attire, this man is not of limited means. Like a well-raced Porsche, this thing has seen some action. Sunlight hitting the metal frame reveals a green hue, I recognise it to be an earlier generation Fairphone still going strong. This changed my view on smartphones, please read along.
\nUnlike the fragile flagship phones with their delicately glued pieces of glass, the Fairphone is built to withstand and to be serviced. Its military grade drop resistance and IP55 water and dust rating, are complemented with easy access to its parts. If needed, you can replace pretty much all parts - including the 4200mAh battery. It runs standard Android with updates guaranteed up to 2031, made possible by the choice for an industrial IoT chip powering the phone. The Qualcomm Dragonwing QCM6490 with 8 cores and 8GB RAM is designed with longevity in mind, critical for enterprise grade applications where changing chipsets every season is undesirable. The Dragonwing chips power nautical vessels, harbour cranes, manufacturing plants and various drones. One has to appreciate this thorough thinking on durability that the Fairphone company puts in its design, reaching well beyond mere looks.
\nThe phone comes with standard Google Android, fully compatible with all the apps in the Play Store. You are free however to unlock the bootloader and install any software you want. One popular alternative option is Google-Free Android, /e/OS. This gives you a lean and clean operating system that you can tailor to your liking and which can be used without any need for a cloud account. It is easy to love the privacy advantages this liberation from American big tech gives you, but I am particularly stunned by the increase in software efficiency: without all the crap my battery usage is measured in DAYS when running /e/OS.
\nInspired by the freedom of the serviceable Framework laptop, I decided to switch to Fairphone about a month ago. Migrating from iPhone can be a bit tricky. I would recommend that you first free yourself from Apple Photos and that you switch to an open standard for addressbook and calendar synchronisation. The less dependent you are on any particular proprietary service, the easier it is to switch. There are many subtle vendor lock-in mechanisms possibly playing you, like:
\nYour mileage may vary, but none of these things kept me from switching. Give yourself a chance to get used to Android, and you'll probably find features and freedom unlike on other platforms. Some things I like:
\nI'm sure that I'll discover more things to like as I expect to keep using the Fairphone. There was one last thing that I wanted to do to make my Fairphone my own. I like things to have their natural, raw colour. My watch is titanium and I removed the paint from my bike. I decided to disassemble the Fairphone and remove its PVD coating, making the aluminium fully visible in its natural colour. I used some sanding paper to carefully brush the metal frame. I know this look is not for everyone, but I stumbled upon this post on X gaining much attention, ensuring me I am not alone in appreciating the raw beauty of well used tools. The phone is now uniquely my own, I love it.
\nI have changed my mind on frequently upgrading my smartphone. The nascent years of modern smartphone innovation are over. Newer models are increasingly similar to previous models. The real tangible benefits of having a new smartphone are getting smaller. Especially if you can service parts that are subject to wear and tear. And if you remove unneeded weight and bloat from the software, you'll be in for some great action - much like the Porsche on track!
\nConsider buying a Fairphone? If you use this link you'll get €50 discount: shop.fairphone.com.
\nConsumer electronics often lock us into sealed hardware and forced upgrades, creating enormous e-waste. Framework challenges that norm by making laptops you can service, upgrade, and customise, which extends their lifespan and cuts down on unnecessary e-waste. My Framework 13 arrived this week and I assembled it myself. This post is a quick rundown of what that process involved, why I chose this brand, and what’s next.
\nFramework’s core idea is simple: create well-built, repairable devices that aren’t doomed by minor failures or limited upgrade paths. Unlike most modern laptops, the Framework Laptop has user-friendly internals—no proprietary glue, minimal specialised screws, and swappable modules. This reduces e-waste and keeps your device relevant for longer. You are free to change parts, perform upgrades or repairs. Parts can be bought via the Framework Marketplace or elsewhere. The computer uses many standard components so you're not necessarily bound to Framework.
\nThe laptop arrives in straightforward, eco-conscious packaging. Inside, you’ll find the main chassis, the display panel and bezel, the keyboard assembly, and optional port modules. This design keeps things modular. If a part breaks or you want to upgrade, you swap in a new module rather than throwing out the entire device.
\nAll parts, boxes and internals have QR codes on them that point you to online manuals explaining how to service or assemble the machine. You only need standard, simple tools (that are included with your purchase). The process is pretty straightforward:
\nI created a bootable USB drive using a Windows PC by downloading a Debian installation ISO. The Framework boot menu recognised it immediately, and the Debian installer ran without issue. Networking, trackpad, and display features worked out of the box, which is a relief compared to some other laptops’ patchy Linux support.
\nThe Framework 13 looks and feels as polished as many premium notebooks, yet it remains serviceable and upgradable. The design is relatively slim and durable, which counters the notion that repairable devices must be clunky or compromised. Being able to customise ports is especially handy. No more searching for dongles or hubs each time you need a different I/O option—just swap an port module.
\nPerformance so far is excellent, thanks to the choice of modern CPUs and a generous amount of RAM and SSD space. While assembling the laptop takes more effort than a typical off-the-shelf device, it’s rewarding to know you can replace components later. Framework’s documentation is clear, and the process is user-friendly if you follow the step-by-step guide.
\nMy next step is preparing Debian for daily use—installing developer tools, enabling encryption, and refining workflows. This aligns with my shift to free/libre software and reducing e-waste. I’ll share more details soon; for now, the Framework 13 proves we can—and should—demand better from consumer electronics.
\nTired of being constantly nudged toward \"more relevant content\", I built a script to break free from commercial or closed-source podcast apps. I just wanted a tool that quietly grabs my favorite shows—no fuss, no tracking, no extras. Read this post to learn more; it's free/libre software under GPLv3.
\nModern apps are optimised for engagement, with patterns to keep you tapping into more content you might like - I hate this. They push recommendations, promotions, or what the app developer wants discovered, overshadowing my own library and nudging me away from my original choices.
\nSo I wrote podcast-downloader, a small Bash script under the GPLv3 license. It uses common GNU/Linux utilities to fetch podcasts from an RSS feed and optionally tag metadata.
\nYou can find the code, full instructions, and more details here: https://source.willem.com/podcast-downloader/ In a nutshell:
\nEnjoy an ad-free, suggestion-free, and completely free-as-in-freedom podcast experience! Feedback and contributions are welcome.
\nFollowing the Unix philosophy of small, focused tools, I've created the perfect companion for this script. While the downloader's only job is to fetch the audio files, Auscultare is a simple, libre Android app whose only job is to play them and track your progress. It's a classic toolchain where the filesystem is the pipe that connects the two.
\n\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2025-01-27_podcast-downloader/", "title": "Podcast Downloader", "summary": "Tired of being constantly nudged toward \"more relevant content\", I built a script to break free from commercial or closed-source podcast apps. I just wanted a tool that quietly grabs my favorite shows—no fuss, no tracking, no extras. Read this post to learn more; it's free/libre software under GPLv3.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2025-01-27_podcast-downloader/Podcast-Downloader-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2025-01-26T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2025-01-23_champions-league-of-webdesign/", "content_html": "Creating a high-performance website is an art form that blends cutting-edge technology with an eye for design and commerce. At escape.nl, home to one of Amsterdam’s most iconic venues, every detail reflects the precision and care required to deliver seamless, engaging experiences to large audiences. This post highlights often-unseen details with big impact.
\nEscape Club Amsterdam is one of the city’s oldest and best-known venues, attracting large crowds for performances by world-famous DJs like Afrojack, Nicky Romero, Roger Sanchez, and Fedde le Grand. It’s a key destination in Amsterdam’s nightlife. As one AAA-customer once told me, this is the Champions League of web design: it demands your very best. Working on a project like this is both an honour and a serious responsibility.
\nOne of the non-technical goals was immediate immersion—almost stepping into the club—via full-screen video. Yet behind this visual impact lies engineering for fast performance, even under loads from TV exposure or social media virality. Collaborating with the club’s media team, two distinct video files ensure instant playback on wide or portrait screens, each carefully cut to fittingly deliver the vibe.
\nEscape.nl benefits from a purpose-built, vertically integrated setup at one of the Netherlands’ most advanced data centres — certified for government and hospital data. This isn’t a dime-a-dozen approach. Deliberate choices in hardware, storage, and network ensure robust performance for thousands of simultaneous visitors. Hosting isn’t a cheap commodity VPS; it’s an integral product feature, ready for anything.
\nMost run-of-the-mill websites (like WordPress) rely on per-request server processing—querying databases and exposing vulnerabilities (for example, a public login screen at /wp-admin). Instead, Escape.nl uses a separation of content management and public-facing delivery. The site serves pre-generated, minified static pages via Nginx, backed by RAM file caches, SSD storage, and HTTP/2. With fewer moving parts, it loads faster, scales more easily, and reduces potential security risks.
\nEvery choice in the site’s design reflects a “less but better” ethos, with fewer buttons, plugins, and dependencies. This simplicity improves performance and directs attention to the “commercial funnel,” such as tickets and VIP table sales, with clear calls to action. Thinking about commerce is not an afterthought; Escape.nl doesn’t even have a homepage, so guests land directly on the club agenda—one step closer to a night out without extra clicks.
\nWith 80% of visitors arriving on mobile, touchscreen gestures like swiping are essential. This isn’t just an old ‘mobile-first’ mantra; it reflects today’s reality. Navigation, media playback, and visual flows are refined to perform fluidly across screens. Meanwhile, advanced tools generate multiple image and video versions, optimised for varying resolutions and orientations. This ensures razor-sharp details for club artwork, giving visual artists the stage they deserve without compromising speed or performance.
\nLarge images and videos needn’t lead to slow loading times. Tools like jpegoptim, pngquant, and ffmpeg individually optimise each asset for maximum quality at minimal size. This per-file approach demands serious compute power, reinforcing the focus on robust hosting. For those interested in deeper technical details and the exact savings in bytes, see this dedicated post. The outcome is striking visuals without sacrificing performance. The self-hosted, integrated gallery offers a rich glimpse into Escape Club’s history, ad-free and fully under the club's editorial control. Unlike social media platforms like Instagram, which feature ads, tracking, and external censorship, this gallery provides an authentic, uninterrupted view of the club’s legacy.
\nEscape.nl is easy to explore thanks to a conventional menu and a sitemap on every page’s footer. This navigation includes clear calls to action that guide guests toward tickets or VIP services, enhancing conversion. Meanwhile, a flexible content management system empowers the team to make updates via app or web, perfect for last-minute changes or event announcements.
\nQuality control is vital. Escape.nl undergoes external evaluations with Chrome Lighthouse, Google PageSpeed, and W3C standards. PageSpeed is critical for search engine ranking yet challenging to optimise, but the site meets top benchmarks for speed, accessibility, and SEO—essential for welcoming and retaining guests. Meanwhile, it’s monitored 24/7, crucial for a club operating outside office hours; read more about that here. Custom error pages also offer a soft landing, guiding “404 folks” to relevant content instead of letting them slip away.
\nExceptional websites aren’t a single milestone; they’re an ongoing journey. As Steve Jobs famously said, real magic happens where technology meets the liberal arts. I’ve been privileged to work with some of the best, forging a synergy of artistry and precision, and not every project is a match. If you’re excited to see if we align, get in touch via mail@willem.com or schedule a call to explore your vision and create something extraordinary together.
\nChange is one of life's few constants. Yet, even with its inevitability, facing it head-on can feel daunting and disorienting. In the book \"Master of Change\", Brad Stulberg offers a thought-provoking guide to not just survive but thrive in an ever changing world.
\nAs you grow older change becomes inevitable. Think of loss, moving to a new place or becoming a parent. Change is an integral part of live and yet a lot of people seem to resist it: holding on to a desire to \"return to normal\" after disruptions - sometimes described as \"homeostasis\".
\nIn his book \"Master of Change\", Brad Stulberg explains that the concept of \"homeostasis\" can be limiting in the context of life's constant flux, as it implies stability is achieved by resisting change. A more dynamic alternative is presented, \"allostasis\", suggesting we achieve balance by adjusting and evolving in response to change. Instead of clinging to an unchanging status quo, you can embrace change as an opportunity for growth and adaptation. This perspective underpins the concept of \"rugged flexibility\", helping us to maintain our identity while evolving with life's demands.
\nBrad Stulberg, celebrated for his work on human performance and personal growth, dives deep into the nature of change. His concept of \"rugged flexibility\" stands out as a central theme - an idea that combines steadfastness in your values with a willingness to adapt to the unpredictable. I really like how the author maintains a pragmatic, to the point, approach. It is masterfully written, drawing on spirituality and Zen wisdom without ever becoming too much \"woo woo\". It's a practical philosophy designed to help you face change without losing yourself in the process.
\nAt the heart of Master of Change is the idea of rugged flexibility. Stulberg describes it as striking a balance: holding firm to what truly matters while allowing yourself to bend and evolve when circumstances shift. This duality isn't about being rigid or overly fluid; it's about knowing where to stand your ground and when to pivot.
\nStulberg also emphasises the importance of approaching transitions mindfully. He introduces tools like:
\nThese principles are designed to help you navigate change with clarity and composure, avoiding burnout or the trap of perfectionism.
\nStulberg's work is as much about asking the right questions as it is about offering solutions. Here are a few prompts to consider as you reflect on your relationship with change:
\nThe book Master of Change offers insightful guidance on navigating life's inevitable transitions with resilience and adaptability. By embracing rugged flexibility and anchoring yourself in core values, this book provides thoughtful perspectives and practical tools to thrive amidst uncertainty and change. Having navigated various changes myself, I'm grateful this book was recommended to me, and now I'm glad to pass that recommendation on to you - it's well worth exploring.
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2025-01-18_master-of-change/", "title": "Master of Change", "summary": "Change is one of life's few constants. Yet, even with its inevitability, facing it head-on can feel daunting and disorienting. In the book \"Master of Change\", Brad Stulberg offers a thought-provoking guide to not just survive but thrive in an ever changing world. ", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2025-01-18_master-of-change/Master-of-Change-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2025-01-17T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2024-12-19_data-versus-feeling/", "content_html": "Earlier this month I ran the Valencia Marathon (42KM), just six weeks after finishing my first ever marathon in Amsterdam. I used two different approaches for these races: running on feeling and running on data. The experience differed greatly, let me explain it in this blog post.
\nIf you're a friend of the blog, you know I have a thing for data and I often experiment with different health sensors and fitness trackers. After completing my first half marathon earlier this year, I asked myself about the usefulness of health and fitness data. The poll under that post shows that 17% of you do not collect any data at all.
\nPro data folks would argue that only those things that you measure can be managed or improved. Health and fitness data can track progress you make. Folks use it as a motivator and as a way to show off to their friends on Strava.
\nIn contrast, people critical on data often cite the importance of feeling. As a species we have evolved for thousands of years without data, we're wired to operate using our own senses. Data can have negative outcomes, including negative emotions and it can introduce an artificial pressure leading to stress. I recommend reading the extensive paper \"The Dark Side of General Health and Fitness Related Self-Service Technologies\" by Chen et al. that discusses the broad scope of academic literature on this subject.
\nI am somewhere in the middle, experimenting with different approaches to see how it works for me. With two marathons scheduled within six weeks, I decided to do a little experiment: run one marathon on feeling, one other on data.
\nThe first marathon I ran with no realtime data. I relied solely on my feeling, I wore an analogue watch and 'measured' distance by simply keeping track of the various signposts along the route. I chose my pace by feeling my body, trying to balance speed and stamina. I did wear my WHOOP, but it operated in the background, providing me with heart rate data after the race.
\nThe second marathon I ran using realtime data. I used an Apple Watch Ultra 2 showing my current pace, average pace, current heart rate, elapsed distance and time. In addition to its display, the watch vibrated every 1KM showing a summary of progress so far. I planned my pace in advance, targeting a specific average time that would have me finish the 42 kilometers slightly faster than my first marathon.
\nFeeling is a powerful, worthy gauge. But, with dopamine and excitement during the race it is hard to feel the difference between a 150 BPM pace and a 165 BPM pace, while the latter will be much harder to maintain for many hours. Before my first marathon I ran several training rounds, up to 30 kilometers. I learned how to pace myself up to this distance. But, when I exceeded the 28K mark during the full marathon, my performance crashed rapidly. I could not maintain the pace I started, forcing me to slow down and mentally fight the immediate desire to stop. Eventually I overcame this dip and finished the marathon in 4 hours and 15 minutes.
\nBased on the experience of my first marathon, I learned that I must start the second race slower. I settled on a 5'55\"/km pace as it was an easy to remember number and it was very close to the average pace of my first marathon. It was my goal to stay close to this pace for at least the first 35 kilometers. After that I planned to 'let go' and see what kind of pace I could run for the last kilometers.
\nI regularly checked my watch while running, continuously adjusting my pace by going a little slower or faster to keep the numbers in check. In addition to my pace I kept an eye on my heartrate. I knew that if the BPM would go up too much, it would be impossible to maintain the pace. I managed to stay under 155 BPM for the first 60% of the distance. I felt much better, feeling way more capable to complete the race. In the end I was able to overtake a lot of folks that crashed, stimulating me to go even faster. The last kilometer was my fastest and I finished the marathon in 4 hours and 8 minutes.
\nAfter finishing my first, feeling based, marathon I described it as \"nearly spiritual in its deepness\". I still look back upon that experience as it having a profound effect on me. Crashing and rising up again made me realise that I am far stronger than I often think. The mental power this gave me, still reverbs within me. In contrast, even although I am proud of besting my PR, the second marathon feels more empty to me. The data made me go faster, but it took something away: it was less challenging.
\nNaturally I understand that I can \"rediscover\" this challenge by making it harder for myself: like going faster. This is what I plan to do for the next year: targeting a sub 4 hour finish time, possibly even better.
\nBut ultimately I hope that by gaining more experience, I will be able to know myself and my body well enough to do this without data. To achieve peak performance by balancing body and mind. This is something to run for, ha!
\nA few days ago the value of a single Bitcoin briefly surpassed $100K, a milestone that seemed unimaginable just some years ago. I wonder how durable the ever growing love for Bitcoin is. Let's have a closer look at the mechanisms underpinning the world's most famous cryptocurrency.
\nDescribed in a paper, Bitcoin was introduced in 2009 by an anonymous entity known as Satoshi Nakamoto. In this paper an alternative for a cash system with central control (e.g. a central bank) is given using software that runs on multiple computers (or peers) owned by different organisations and people.
\nEach peer in the network is able to track all transactions using cryptographic signing. Transactions are signed subsequently where the output of preceding transactions form the cryptographic input for new ones: forming a chain, the blockchain.
\nOver time, Bitcoin has grown from a niche technology to a widely recognised financial asset. As of 2024, over 52 million unique Bitcoin addresses hold balances, highlighting its expanding adoption globally. Bitcoin’s value, initially negligible at its 2009 launch, set a new 'all time high' at $100,000 in December 2024, though it remains volatile. The cryptocurrency has gained traction as both a speculative asset and a financial tool, especially in regions with unstable currencies or limited banking access.
\nWhile I appreciate the underlying cryptographic technology as an alternative for fiat money, I do think that the thought of Bitcoin's value going go up indefinitely is problematic. As long as prices go up, everybody is a winner - but it requires a (nearly) constant influx of new money. Where will Bitcoin's price stabilise? Nobody really knows!
\nIn a way Bitcoin's current price rising reminds me of the Dutch Tulip Mania, a financial phenomenon in the Dutch Golden Age (1630s), which is often described as one of the first recorded economic bubbles. It revolved around the speculative trading of tulip bulbs, which became highly sought after. During the height of Tulip Mania, many investors operated under the assumption that tulip prices would continue to increase due to the strong demand and limited supply of rare bulbs, much like today's view on Bitcoin. This belief was fuelled by stories of extraordinary profits and the rapid rise in prices. However, when confidence in the market faltered in 1637, prices collapsed sharply, leading to financial losses for many speculators.
\nBitcoin’s role as a \"store of value\" is fundamentally tied to the ability to exchange it for fiat currencies, as its widespread use in everyday transactions is limited. Unlike cash, Bitcoin is not universally accepted for direct purchases, necessitating reliance on exchanges to convert it into spendable forms of capital.
\nThis reliance introduces bottlenecks, as exchanges are subject to increasing regulatory scrutiny, particularly through stringent \"Know Your Customer\" (KYC) and anti-money laundering (AML) procedures. These regulations add layers of centralised oversight and reduce the pseudonymous nature originally associated with Bitcoin. As a result, while Bitcoin itself operates on a decentralised network, its practical use remains partially constrained by centralised infrastructure.
\nA sudden shift in sentiment about Bitcoin's value could lead to a mass sell-off, overwhelming exchanges with \"cash-out\" requests. This raises concerns about whether exchanges hold sufficient fiat reserves to honour withdrawals.
\nAs long as Bitcoin's price is rising everybody will be happy, but I suspect there is a limit to its growth. Will Bitcoin's price eventually stabilise or will it drop sharply once the influx of new money stops? Be careful with exposing yourself to this volatility, nobody really knows what the peak valuation of Bitcoin will be or when it will be reached!
\nDisclaimer: This is not financial advice, please do your own research.
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2024-12-09_the-problem-with-bitcoin/", "title": "The Problem With Bitcoin", "summary": "A few days ago the value of a single Bitcoin briefly surpassed $100K, a milestone that seemed unimaginable just some years ago. I wonder how durable the ever growing love for Bitcoin is. Let's have a closer look at the mechanisms underpinning the world's most famous cryptocurrency.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2024-12-09_the-problem-with-bitcoin/The-Problem-With-Bitcoin-800px.png", "date_modified": "2024-12-08T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2024-11-11_write-your-own-words/", "content_html": "Two years ago ChatGPT launched, it popularised AI as tool to create things. Large language models generate text based on prompts, outputting words that are hard to distinguish from being written by a person. The short term benefits are clear, but I suspect many people underestimate the long term costs.
\nEver since OpenAI launched ChatGPT, I have been actively working with the new technology to understand its capabilities. I have programmed with AI, I learned with AI and I taught people to work with AI. I went back to the University to brush up my skills for technologies underlying AI. I wrote a real looking blog post with AI. But moreover, I have been thinking about the impact of AI on our society.
\nIt is a powerful tool, capable of doing amazing things like detecting cancer from MRI images or structuring and documenting computer code for reusability. Everybody can use AI, and therein lies a potential problem, specifically for content creation.
\nIf we all use the same tools to generate content, everything will start to look the same eventually. We risk losing diversity. Especially as new computer models are being trained on newly generated content. It is a recursive loop causing new content to appear more similar to existing content.
\nYou can already see this problem if you look at Google search results. People have noticed that results are getting worse. This is often attributed to an increasing amount of search-engine-optimised but low-quality content. You should check out this paper by Bevendorff Et Al. for a longitudinal investigation of SEO spam in search engines. Low-quality, but good looking content is pushing the actual valuable content away.
\nWhat can we do about it? For sure the folks that make the computer models will come up with intelligent filters designed to exclude low-quality material used for training. I expect that there will be a premium on content that is not generated by AI. Just like how old low-background steel is valued because it is not contaminated with traces of nuclear fallout present in modern steel.
\nDid AI write this? How differently does ChatGPT write when compared to humans? Researchers from Preply looked for signs to detect AI written texts to determine the origin of student essays. They analysed 12,000 essays and created an analyses of the most frequent words, phrases and errors in both human-written and computer-generated works. These are some of their key takeaways:
\nIf you care about content you should consider seeing it as art, there can be a human quality to it that determines its meaning for other humans. In a detailed comparison Gold Penguin compares human-created art with AI-generated art. Their key findings in spotting AI-created content are:
\nNow I understand that not all texts are equally important and some may not be worth it to be elevated as pieces of art. There are very good usecases for AI-generators, including translations or summaries. I am not against large language models in general, I only argue that they should be seen as a tool with accommodating pluses and minuses.
\nThe more powerful a tool is, the greater the harm it can do - it is up to the person handling the tool to use it well. While large language models are powerful in their capabilities to generate good looking texts, its value is ultimately determined by the meaning humans attach to it. If museums full of art are any indication, I expect there will always be appreciation for things created by hand. We should start by simply caring a little more about the things we create, by writing our own words for example.
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2024-11-11_write-your-own-words/", "title": "Write your own words", "summary": "Two years ago ChatGPT launched, it popularised AI as tool to create things. Large language models generate text based on prompts, outputting words that are hard to distinguish from being written by a person. The short term benefits are clear, but I suspect many people underestimate the long term costs. ", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2024-11-11_write-your-own-words/Write-your-own-words-800px.png", "date_modified": "2024-11-10T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2024-11-10_go-viral-on-x/", "content_html": "Earlier this week one of my posts on the social network X went viral and attracted 32K views in two days. With no major presence on Elon Musk's platform, and no paid advertising, gaining that kind of attention is something special. Let me explain how this happened.
\nIf you have been following my blog, you may know that I enjoy my Apple Vision Pro. The device attracts a lot of attention, a lot of people wonder what the device could do if it was given more software capabilities.
\nThis week, Apple's newest Mac Mini became available in stores. It is a super powerful computer that is unbelievably small. Apple's marketing department made handy use of the 'cuteness factor' in their advertisement. Make no mistake, this small computer is a powerhouse that can be configured with up to 128GB RAM, 40 CPU cores and a whopping 8TB in super fast flash storage.
\nMy post involved combining these two bits into one single post. With a well chosen visual, it could be something that would speak for itself. I figured to combine two pieces of Apple artwork into a single image, combine it with a simple tag line and post it on X:
\nOne thing that came in handy is that I have trained myself to be able to produce content right from my smartphone. I do not need a computer for Photoshop or Microsoft Word. This enables me to act right away when an idea strikes. On my iPhone I used Pixelmator to stitch the two images together:
\nPosting something on X is one thing, having it discovered and seen by others is something else. The platform uses algorithms to determine what posts will be shown to who. If a posts gets liked by real, verified, folks, the algorithm takes this as a signal that the content is good. Then it continues to scale the post, collect more feedback in terms of likes and reposts, to further grow its status as viral post.
\nThe hardest part is to get exactly those folks to like your post causing the algorithm to start its scaling. Your post needs a proverbial push to gain initial momentum, once up to speed it can continue to accelerate by itself. It is like a snowball starting to roll from a mountain, potentially causing an avalanche.
\nFor this post I knew that there are a few high profile people on X that actively post about Apple Vision Pro. I figured that if they would see my post, chances were that one or two of them would like it or repost it. Using X's search function, I found the most popular posts on Vision Pro and manually noted the handles (e.g. @wlmiddelkoop) of the authors.
\nThen I constructed a second post, wrapping my original post, with an even simpler tag line followed by all the authors. This causes the authors to receive an alert that someone mentioned them. Not everybody will act upon it, but given a relevant post on a subject of interest, chances are folks will engage with it. And so it happened! Within just a few minutes, I received my first reactions from one of the authors I mentioned in the post.
\nWhen the post attracted two more interactions from some verified accounts, the algorithm began to push the post to more and more people's timelines. Leading to thousands of views in mere hours.
\nOne could wonder how reproducible this virality really is. Was it a coincidence? Did I play the system here, or did it work because it is actually supposed to work? When you think about it, it makes kind of sense that content that is actually liked by real people is shown more. The X-platform, like all other social media networks, optimises for engagement: good content is its fuel.
\nIf your considering posting on social media yourself, I think it is a good idea to keep these things in mind:
\nSocial media is no rocket* science, think of it as a computerised exchange of ideas. Have your idea reach people that think of similar things and your post can gain a lot of attention. Just imagine that you are the person you're trying to reach - if you would engage with your own content, others will likely do, too!
\n* despite being owned by the same guy as SpaceX, ha!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2024-11-10_go-viral-on-x/", "title": "Go Viral on X", "summary": "Earlier this week one of my posts on the social network X went viral and attracted 32K views in two days. With no major presence on Elon Musk's platform, and no paid advertising, gaining that kind of attention is something special. Let me explain how this happened.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2024-11-10_go-viral-on-x/Go-Viral-on-X-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2024-11-09T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2024-10-20_marathon/", "content_html": "Last Sunday I completed my first full marathon, covering a distance of 42KM in and around Amsterdam. An idea that started in a bar with some beers and concluded with a finish in the Olympic Stadium. What a journey, what an experience, well worthy of a blog post.
\nAbout a year ago, I was having some beers with my buddy Niels who just finished the New York City Marathon. After his passionate recollection of his experience he dropped the bombshell question: \"Why not join me next year in running a Marathon?!\"
\nMaybe it was the lovely brew, maybe it was wisdom, but the idea seemed great from the get go! The only (minor) problem was that I had never done any serious running. Could I turn my experience in cycling into anything useful for running?
\nFollowing advice from different people with more running experience, I went to the local running store for some guidance on shoes. The store's friendly staff made me run on a special test track equipped with sensors that profile the pressure of your feet landing on the ground while running. The aim is to have a smooth transition from step to step. From this test it became apparent that my left foot behaves a little different than my right one. That's funny, as it is something I have noted from data of my bike's power pedals, too. Fitting the right shoes is very important to prevent injury and to maximise your enjoyment while running.
\nMy first training was a 5K around my office block in Amsterdam. Many professional coaches would advice a novice runner to start with a shorter distance, and gradually build up... I wanted to understand where I was, ignored any advice and just went full pull to see how 5K would feel - given my experience as cyclist. Boy, that was bad.
\nOne thing you can clearly see in the data from the first training, is that my pace was relatively slow, and yet I experienced a very high heartrate right from the start. This is because my body was totally not used to running; it operated in a kind of shock. This is why you should take it easy: give your body a chance to adapt to the new kind of strain.
\nFollowing my initial round, I continued to train, multiple days a week in various degrees of intensity. Because I personally liked it as a benchmark, I always took the 5K as minimum - playing with different paces to eventually balance on a rhythm that I could endure a little easier. It didn't take long before I started to enjoy my new hobby, making it even easier to keep the training sessions going.
\nAfter just a few weeks, I started to see some real progress in pace and endurance; my body was clearly adapting. To keep things interesting, I set some smaller goals: registering myself for local running events in Horst aan de Maas: 10K Rundje um ut Hundje and the 21K Venloop in Venlo. I wrote a blog post about running the half marathon in Venlo.
\nDuring the rest of the year I continued my training sessions, I even took my running shoes along for the summer holiday to Italy. This is one of the things I enjoy of running, you can easily bring your gear with you and go out for a run wherever you are.
\nFast forward to October 20, 2024... time for the TCS Marathon Amsterdam. I figured it would be a good idea to run my first full Marathon on known ground. The Amsterdam Marathon, established in 1975, draws around 45 thousand participants each year. The route passes through iconic areas of Amsterdam, including the Rijksmuseum, the Amstel River and the historic Olympic Stadium.
\nIn the weeks leading up to the event I paid special attention to my sleep, food and drinking. I tuned down the training intensity, moving enough to keep the body in good condition while reducing the risk of over training. My final training runs went up to a distance of ± 30K. I expected the full marathon to be difficult, but do-able.
\nWithout doubt this was the most difficult thing I have ever done. I finished my first marathon in a respectable 4 hours and 15 minutes. It took 100% of my physical capabilities and it demanded a 200% psychological performance. You'll encounter pain, tiredness, emotions and energy from random strangers cheering you up. It's such a weird mix of things, very raw, very demanding. Your experience may vary, but I described it to be nearly spiritual in its deepness - once you've finished you feel different in various ways.
\nA warm thank you for all the volunteers who made the event possible. Thanks to my wife and kids for supporting me from home, during this event and during the many training sessions. Thanks to all the supporters along the road, including my brother, his kids, and the many 'random strangers' shouting my name. Last but not least, special thanks to my buddy Niels for spurring my interest in running - I came to love it!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2024-10-20_marathon/", "title": "Marathon", "summary": "Last Sunday I completed my first full marathon, covering a distance of 42KM in and around Amsterdam. An idea that started in a bar with some beers and concluded with a finish in the Olympic Stadium. What a journey, what an experience, well worthy of a blog post.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2024-10-20_marathon/Marathon-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2024-10-19T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2024-09-10_i-see-dead-people/", "content_html": "Imagine seeing your dead family members - not just on a picture, but lifelike and in three dimensions! You can almost touch them. It hits you differently, I can assure you. I'm still in awe: I just saw my dead grandfather, lifelike and for the first time ever in three dimensions! This may be Apple Vision Pro's killer feature, if you allow me the pun, please hear me out.
\nThanks to some incredible effort of my brother, I have a lot of old (analogue) photos perfectly digitised and tagged. The photo you see above is over 40 years old. It may not mean anything to you, but they are our family's memories. Maybe you have some similar old pictures yourself. It is a snapshot of a moment in history, it will never come back as most persons on the picture are no longer alive. You'll probably understand why a person may hold onto old photos - they allow you to peek into past memories.
\nWhat if modern technology could create lifelike representations of these memories? Instead of looking at a picture on a small screen or canvas, you would see your family members in real size - right in front of you. You'll notice much more details, like how a dress or jacket is wrapped around someone's body, how someone's hair is touched by the wind, where somebody is looking at. Give it a few moments and you'll feel as if you're with them.
\nThe photo above is another old photo, you're looking at me on my first birthday - a happy little chap - proud new owner of a red truck. It is a nice picture in two dimensions.
\nNow here's the magic: Apple Photos can analyse (any) photo to infer depth information, using image recognition it is able to add a third dimension. With just one simple tap, it creates a spatial representation taking into account persons, objects and surroundings. This is a nifty feature by itself, but it becomes pure magic when you project these 'spatial photos' using a three dimensional display, like Apple Vision Pro.
\nNow here's the thing, you're probably reading this on a two dimensional display. Both photos above may seem similarly flat to you. Possibly even small, especially if you're looking at this from your smartphone. For me, using Vision Pro, IT IS NOT. It is big, lifelike and touchable. It hits you differently, substantially, and much deeper. I do not really understand how, but my brain no longer thinks of the thing I see as an image, it becomes much more than that.
\nRandom photos from the past now act as portals into different worlds and eras. It works on any photo, there is no special requirement to the input material. Without a doubt I expect modern camera technology (with stereoscopic lenses and lidar) to further enrich spatial images. But, the key thing is that it works right now, with everything you've already have. That's kind of a big deal, when you're talking about people that are no longer with us.
\nEven further in the future, given more digital input material (like text and voice recordings), one could expect computer models to become able to generate interactive representations. I don't think there is any technical reason why a computer wouldn't be able to learn how to write, talk, sound, move and look like any person (given enough training material). With our digital legacies ever growing (email, photos, videos, social media), this isn't that far fetched for future generations. Maybe someday holographic Willem may read his grand grand grand children bed time stories, who knows?
\nIt is very difficult to convey in two dimensions what I have experienced in three, the only thing I can urge you to do is: try it yourself! Use a personal photo and you'll understand why I wanted to tell you about it.
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2024-09-10_i-see-dead-people/", "title": "I see dead people", "summary": "Imagine seeing your dead family members - not just on a picture, but lifelike and in three dimensions! You can almost touch them. It hits you differently, I can assure you. I'm still in awe: I just saw my dead grandfather, lifelike and for the first time ever in three dimensions! This may be Apple Vision Pro's killer feature, if you allow me the pun, please hear me out.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2024-09-10_i-see-dead-people/I-see-dead-people-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2024-09-09T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2024-05-11_developing-a-native-ios-app/", "content_html": "As a little side-project, squeezed between my normal work, I have been working on something of personal interest: a native workout tracking app for iOS. I wanted to make my smartwatch obsolete, instead using my phone to track workouts. How hard could it be to gather detailed sensor data using native Swift APIs?
\nIf you have been following my blog, this may not come as a surprise, but I love to ride my bike and have recently started to do some running. I have quite some experience with tracking my workouts, using Garmin, Strava, Omata, Wahoo, Biostrap, Whoop and various apps and sensors. I find health and fitness data useful to learn about your physical performance and to have some kind of accountability for yourself (e.g. motivating you to keep doing the workouts).
\nThe nerd in me loves the big data set, the many different available sensor types are a feast for my curiosity - yet it conflicts with my desire for minimalism and simplicity. Do you really need all the workout data? Isn't just listening to your body enough? I don't know, but I do appreciate a smartwatch's capability to (nearly) effortlessly track workouts in great detail. I like how Apple Watch can be used to track training-sessions, next to its capabilities as modern tool watch and smartphone replacement. While I understand most folks would wear their smartwatch and call it a day, I do like old fashioned mechanical watches like a Rolex, Tudor, Grand Seiko, or even something custom made. Although I appreciate both, I do gravitate towards mechanical watches when I have to choose between smartwatches and mechanical watches.
\nWhat if there was a smartphone app that would collect all the workout data you want, without any of the hassle and clutter? I imagined it to be:
\nNone of the existing smartphone sport and fitness apps tick all of the above. Most of them are needlessly complex or are somehow designed to take your data to serve the app builder or its platform. Could I do better?
\nKnowing why and what I wanted, I set out to choose my preferred method of building the app.
\nFor most work I do, I prefer to use open and free (as in libre) web technologies, like HTML, JavaScript and CSS - or server software released under a free software licence, such as GPL. For this particular usecase I needed to be extremely energy efficient and to be able to deeply integrate with my smartphone's operating system. The best way to do this for an iPhone is to fully embrace Apple's software development kit: making the app natively in Swift using SwiftUI and by following the technical and design guidelines as closely as possible.
\nAlthough I have my reservations, using AI for programming has all the attention lately. Some even claim that technologies like Copilot or ChatGPT would make programmers obsolete. I know my way around AI, as I have used it to generate code, as I teach folks how to use it, but I never used it to build a complete iOS app. I figured this would be a perfect opportunity to see how fit AI is for something more complex than a simple script snippet. Let's find out how obsolete I am as a programmer in this modern AI-age...
\nHaving setup my Xcode environment, I set out to ask OpenAI's ChatGPT to give me some code to read GPS location data and to generate the necessary Swift classes to detect and connect with Bluetooth sensors. Boy, did I enter the proverbial rabbit hole here!
\nThe thing with AI-assisted programming is that, YES it works; but only PARTIALLY. It will give you working pieces, but they will not fit perfectly and do not necessarily work together. Seeing the code it generates is like hearing echos of a great song; you'll recognise it resembles something - but it is not quite the same as hearing the band play live music; let alone sing it yourself!
\nI took the pieces from the AI and set out to read the relevant documentation myself, this proved to be much more effective as it enabled me to actually understand what the mechanism should do. The AI helped me find the things I needed to learn. Tracking GPS location data was surprisingly easy using Apple's CoreLocation. Getting the Bluetooth sensor to connect to the app turned out to be much harder, as it involves many distinct steps:
\nTake for instance a relatively 'simple' sensor like a cadence sensor that you put on your bike's pedal, it could be used to determine the revolutions per minute you make during a cycling session. How hard can this be? I figured that the official Bluetooth specification would provide me with all the needed details... NOT! A simple cadence sensor is surprisingly complex:
\nThe AI provided me with some sample code, but it proved not to work with my particular sensor. Using a Bluetooth debugging app, Bluefy, I was able to gain a better understanding of the data the sensor was transmitting. I found a piece of Java code on the official Bluetooth blog that gave me some clues on how to interpret data from the sensors. I adapted this piece of code to match various different sensor profiles and translated it into Swift code. This gave me an early working prototype.
\nOne of main reasons I like the Apple Watch workout app is how its user interface (UI) is designed to facilitate a pleasant user experience (UX). The app on the watch has fairly large buttons that you press to start a recording - and that pretty much is it. The app itself has few options, its design is opinionated but well thought through. It is a stark contrast with devices like Garmin that offer a ton of options for customisation. The trick is to strike a good balance between flexibility in usecases and having a default setup that works well.
\nUsing a mounting system like QuadLock, you can firmly attach your smartphone to your bike's steer. This means that the iPhone can replace your Garmin as bike computer. Modern iPhones have an always on display that can show information in an energy efficient way, provided you use the Apple software development kit that comes with various optimisations built-in. After many, many, kilometers with my Garmin bike computer, I settled on having a view with realtime data fields for speed, power and heartrate. What I like about the more advanced Garmin Edge devices is that they can plot a graph. This enables you to keep your eyes on the road when it matters, and glance at historic data at a (slightly) later stage.
\nTo maximise energy efficiency, I decided to utilise Apple's own libraries for graphs: Swift Charts. One problem I encountered while developing this, is that measurements from sensors come in at different intervals and times. You need to create some kind of synchronisation mechanism to have data points matching common timestamps in order to compare and relate values. I designed this mechanism to synchronise UI updates, too: enabling all graphs and data points to be updated in one single refresh; optimising for CPU and graphics performance (and thus battery power). As a bonus, I built in support for different time scopes, enabling the graphs to show data for the last minute, 5 minutes, 15 minutes, hour or entire workout.
\nThe app automatically shows the available graphs based on connected sensors, alleviating the need for different setups when you have more than one bike. If you tap a graph it maximises or minimises. If you tap the data scope (e.g. \"last 5 minutes\"), you can toggle between scopes. The app remembers your configuration, automatically setting you up correctly for the next workout. Because all the touch targets and buttons are fairly large, they work well when your hands are either sweaty or if you wear gloves.
\nPocketability: Optimising for background usage and energy consumption
\nAn alternative way I envisioned to use the app was to use it from my pocket, as background app. This would enable low profile data collection, where you start the app and put your phone away. I love the idea of having a 'complete dataset' for all my rides and runs, while not being required to have the app be center staged all the time. Many training runs and rides aren't that interesting.
\nBy default, Apple's iOS operating system strictly limits the options apps have to run in the background. This maximises battery life and user privacy. If you follow Apple's guidelines and correctly ask the user for the required permissions, you can in fact design your app to work perfectly from the background. I really came to appreciate Apple's efforts on optimising the entire stack, enabling your app to be more energy efficient. Simply put, \"don't call us, we'll call you\" is what the operating system does: it takes control over when your app does its thing - enabling the OS to synchronise, combine and batch process different tasks on the available (energy efficient) cores in the Apple Silicon chips.
\nDuring one of my tests with a prototype version of the app, I was able to collect over 127 thousand (!!) data points during a 8 hour long distance ride on a single iPhone battery charge, with the screen enabled all of the time. If you play by Apple's rules, you really have the power (so to speak). Developing this app really took me somewhere, ha!
\nThe road to hell is paved with good intentions, they say... For this reason, I really like to finish my projects. For an app that means that I should have it published in the AppStore. Getting it ready for Apple's scrutiny, having it approved by the AppStore reviewers is an extra milestone. It is important, because it makes you think about the onboarding (of new users) and the earning model.
\nOne particular challenging task when building an app is to guide folks that are new to your app on how to use it. A great user interface can help, but given the app's deep integration with Apple Health, Location data and Bluetooth sensors, there is an additional need to politely ask for permissions.
\nYou will have to design the process so that it does not fail when people reject certain permissions. Apple is very strict in this: people have the right to reject. It is your job to make the app work with no or partial permissions. This is an extra challenge.
\nWhile I cannot overestimate the importance of free software, as in libre, I cannot ignore that I have a family to feed. But, moreover, finding people willing to pay for your product can serve as an extra validation of your idea. Be open and honest about your earning model and it will help you fund your own project; don't rely on investors or venture capital, bootstrap your own development!
\nYou do not need to pay in order to try the app. The payment screen only shows up when folks actually use the app (and it can always be dismissed). Why not try it yourself, you can find the app here.
\nEat your own dogfood, they say - I will continue to develop the app by actually using it myself. I don't expect this project to be a quick (monetary) win, but if it can be of practical use for myself, chances are that some other person may find it useful, too.
\nOne thing I like about this particular project is that it takes little effort to keep it going as I like working out. Debugging new releases of this app often involves going out for a running or cycling session. Who ever said software development was a sedentary job?!
\nA lot of folks have 'great ideas' - few persons actually go out to have them realised. This distinguishes the makers from the rest. I like to make things, as the process of doing so requires you to really get into the matter. You'll learn a great deal and gain experience that others won't. Heck, build it yourself, make it your own!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2024-05-11_developing-a-native-ios-app/", "title": "Developing a native iOS app", "summary": "As a little side-project, squeezed between my normal work, I have been working on something of personal interest: a native workout tracking app for iOS. I wanted to make my smartwatch obsolete, instead using my phone to track workouts. How hard could it be to gather detailed sensor data using native Swift APIs? ", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2024-05-11_developing-a-native-ios-app/Developing-a-native-iOS-app-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2024-05-10T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2024-03-24_half-marathon/", "content_html": "Last Sunday, I participated in the Venloop, a half marathon event in Venlo. I completed the 21KM run in 2h05, a result I am satisfied with as this was my first ever 'official' event since I began running just three months ago. In this post, I'll share my experiences with training, balancing fitness data, and feeling fit.
\nEarlier this year I started my training for running. Ultimately, I hope to finish a full marathon later this year. To achieve this, I gradually increased the distance I ran during training sessions, starting with 5KM at various intensities to find a sustainable pace. Later, I extended the training distance to 10KM and finally to half a marathon distance (21KM).
\nDuring these three months, I meticulously tracked all measurable aspects using an Apple Watch Ultra 2 and WHOOP, augmented with additional Wahoo sensors like a heart rate monitor and power meter pedals on my bike. I combined cycling and running to boost my overall fitness while being careful not to overtrain. As a novice runner, my muscles and joints are not yet accustomed to the physical stress of running. To prevent injuries, I gradually increased my running distance.
\nThe Apple Watch Ultra 2 recorded all my workouts using Apple's default workout app, which has significantly improved since I first used it. For running and cycling, it provides reliable GPS data and supports Bluetooth sensors, offering real-time feedback, both visual and audible. It helped me understand how my body reacts to differences in pace, distance, and terrain and even allows competing against past performances, a fun and motivating feature.
\nIn addition to real-time data, I used WHOOP to monitor the broader effects on my body, like changes in my resting heart rate and HRV. WHOOP's strain metric showed the impact of training, highlighting the importance of managing workload to prevent overtraining. Recovery from intense sessions sometimes took a few days, and WHOOP's data reflected this.
\nOn iOS, data can be aggregated in Apple HealthKit, a local, encrypted, offline database accessible only to third-party apps with your permission. Different apps can write data into HealthKit, making it a \"single source of truth\". The HealthFit app by Stéphane Lizeray does a phenomenal job making your workouts browsable and deriving valuable insights from the wealth of data. It's so good and well-designed that I wouldn't be surprised if Apple acquired it.
\nIt analyses your workouts from various apps, including Apple Watch, Garmin, WHOOP, and Wahoo, and aggregates them into a single workout log. Using open and well-documented formulas, the app calculates training load (acute, chronic, and form). You can see the proverbial needles move as you increase your training load. I highly recommend this app if you want to leverage individual workout data into a broader analysis: 'trends are your friends'!
\nPreparation is crucial, but completing an official event is another challenge. Events are fixed, and you must be at peak performance on that day. Professional athletes refer to this as 'tapering': ensuring you're in top form for the event. The days leading up to the event should involve lighter training, with extra focus on sleep, diet, and hydration.
\nI participated in the Venloop, a local event in Venlo that draws large crowds. It's exhilarating when spectators cheer you on by name – it really boosts your morale. I loved the experience; it's like a \"happy drug\" that intensely energizes you.
\nThen, something unusual happened: Initially, I managed my pace using data from my watch, but around the halfway point, I felt confident enough to trust my instincts. I felt I could safely increase my pace, finding a better balance between speed and endurance. I began to 'feel' my run rather than just measuring it.
\nThat feeling was phenomenal! The synergy between body and mind was enlightening, and now I crave more of that.
\nFor the next period, I've decided to scale back my data-driven approach. I will continue to train, focusing more on my feelings. My aim is to increase my pace while maintaining the joy that running brings me. I run for personal pleasure, and I don't think I need an extensive dataset to achieve that. Are you running for yourself or for your data?
\nThe first few months of my \"running career\" have brought me a long way. Now is the right moment to take the proverbial training wheels off. Let's find out where this will take me!
\nIf you're an accomplished developer (as in: you've actually created things in the past), you may recognise this scenario: people reaching out to you, asking you to build something specific. \"Can you build X for me?\" A fellow technician once urged me to refuse more often: be proud of the things you don't do! Let me explain in this post.
\n“If I had asked people what they wanted, they would have said faster horses”, is a punchy quote often attributed to Henry Ford, the famous automaker. Yet, it illustrates an essential thought that I believe a great builder must address: is the proposed or requested thing really what I should be making?
\n“People don't know what they want until you show it to them”, Steve Jobs remarked, building upon Ford's faster horses concept, and adding, “Our task is to read things that are not yet on the page”. It's a principle that, I think, distinguishes those who merely fulfil wishes from those who create dreams.
\nSo, whenever somebody presents me with a 'solution' as part of a request, I am wary. I wonder. I think about what the problem is. Are there other ways to address this problem? Why is the proposed solution the best way to do it? Stay hungry (explore more of the context), stay foolish (don't let your existing knowledge define your findings).
\nYou should find out what works best for you, but I extensively rely on writing things down and sketching both context and possible solutions. I create what I call 'context-rich briefings' that more often resemble a diary rather than a definite blueprint: It's a living document that I think of as ground on which I cultivate my ideas. I have specific digital notebooks, one per project/context, that double as a kind of 'swap file' to park or resume a project. I use reMarkable for this, but I guess that any tablet or paper notebook could work. It helps to have a place to keep thoughts, as some of them need time to gain richness like wine or whiskey.
\nHaving space and time to think is possibly even more important than keeping and cultivating thoughts. Great ideas are fragile; noise and external opinions or pressure can kill them. This insight is echoed by different artists, like Pablo Picasso: \"Without great solitude, no serious work is possible,\" or Bob Dylan: \"To be creative you've got to be unsociable and tight-assed.\" Henrik Karlsson describes these aphorisms as a state of mind where the opinion of others doesn't bother the creators and where they reach a heightened sensitivity for the larval ideas and vague questions that arise within them.
\nI address this both physically and mentally. I love waking up early, at 4:55 am before anybody can interrupt me. I like locking myself up in our attic, my private office, or recently, in virtual reality using Vision Pro. I try to engage in little to no social media, avoid impromptu phone and video calls, and only passively take part in chat apps. I consider my smartphone a necessary evil with a strictly selective policy on notifications. Instead of following the news or endlessly scrolling through algorithmically populated content feeds, I prefer slow media like books or an article or blog post recommended to me by fellow humans. I keep a reading list of things I'll check out later. But most of all, I cultivate boredom: sometimes, doing nothing is the fastest route to great results. Alternatives to my office and attic are my bicycle and running shoes.
\nWhile doing not as asked might seem unfriendly, you're ultimately doing others a favour by actually caring about the results instead of 'being busy' with arbitrary specifications, shallow opinions, or made-up deadlines. You and your customer deserve it: go the extra mile and deliver something better.
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2024-03-05_no-i-won-t-build-that/", "title": "No, I Won't Build That!", "summary": "If you're an accomplished developer (as in: you've actually created things in the past), you may recognise this scenario: people reaching out to you, asking you to build something specific. \"Can you build X for me?\" A fellow technician once urged me to refuse more often: be proud of the things you don't do! Let me explain in this post.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2024-03-05_no-i-won-t-build-that/No-I-Won-t-Build-That-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2024-03-04T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2024-02-16_vision-pro/", "content_html": "Currently, I am overlooking a lake at Mount Hood while writing this. I hear birds in the distance and see the lake calm, with subtle waves and some mist in the distance. Yet, it is fake, as I am sitting on our top floor, a barely furnished room full of items belonging to a family house with two young kids. I am using Apple's Vision Pro to explore what Spatial Computing can be. I am in awe; let me explain in this blog post.
\nImagine a set of great earphones for listening to music, offering you private access to high-quality audio playback. The Apple Vision Pro is like that, but for your eyes instead of your ears. You put it on like a set of goggles, and inside, you see a digital world blending with your reality. You can choose to let the real outer world in or filter it out, much like how active noise cancelling works for audio.
\nUsing some very advanced chips, sensors, and cameras, the Apple Vision Pro headset is capable of projecting virtual objects into your real world, positioning them in a fixed place where they stay as long as you want them there. You can do things like watching a movie on a gigantic cinema display or immersing yourself in your family's photos. Or, you can use the Vision Pro for work, as I do, using a window where I type my text, right at the lakeside of Mount Hood.
\nOther websites and blogs have posted some very in-depth discussions on Apple Vision Pro, discussing the hardware, its advantages, and disadvantages. I recommend you check those out as I do not want to repeat what others have written or said. Some reviews worth your time:
\nMore than this particular first generation of hardware, I am interested in what Apple is showing the world with its VisionOS software. It's not just a fancy wearable projector; it's interactive! Cameras on the inside track your iris position, i.e., where you're exactly looking. This information is used to enable interaction with the digital world by just looking at things. A subtle tap with your fingers is registered by another set of cameras, all seamlessly integrating an experience that enables you to \"look and tap\" like you would otherwise do with \"point and click\" or \"touch and swipe\".
\nThis fundamental interaction model is very well executed; after a few minutes, it feels totally natural, and I have since been wondering why my iPhone or iPad does not respond in the same manner. It's classic Apple magic as all the heavy lifting is done without giving me much (if any) friction. It just works.
\nTo get some work done, I have connected a standard bluetooth keyboard and trackpad to the Vision Pro, leveraging my ability to touch type; it all feels very natural. The Vision Pro does not require a computer; it is the computer! It features quite capable Apple Silicon chips, and plenty of onboard storage (mine has 1 TB).
\nIf you have been reading my blog, you know I have a thing for tablets as they are portable yet very capable. The Vision Pro might be another step forward: it is very portable, yet it offers an entire virtual world for your eyes! It's like being able to carry a massive multi-monitor setup with me; it's bonkers!
\nMixing the digital and real world is very accessible; it allows you to stay aware of things around you. I like it as it makes you feel a little less \"enclosed inside the computer\". It works for certain workflows, like sending some emails, looking things up, or making a call. The experience gets a little different if you decide to immerse yourself in any of the Vision Pro's virtual environments.
\nSome folks refer to it as \"deep work\", the type of work you need some serious focus for. I find Vision Pro especially powerful for getting myself into the state of flow that is needed for the heavy lifting. I can immerse myself with context (images, logs, code, mockups) and filter out any visual clutter from the real world.
\nImagine a set of windows so big that you can literally stand between them. That is how I like my most powerful Vision Pro setups. You almost become one with your context, seriously. You can create an environment that enables you to really connect with what you're doing. I love walking around the windows, looking at some code or server output, and sort of getting a feel of it being a \"big and working machine\". In a way, it feels like standing in a big machine room. It is really unlike any conventional desktop experience.
\nI will continue to explore, learn, and experiment with Vision Pro, but already I'm blown away by the spatial greatness of actually seeing the 3rd dimension digitally. It feels very natural in the same sense as the touchscreen on the original iPhone made me giggle whenever I swiped the \"slide to unlock\" slider. There is a lot to unlock here; come and join me on this next frontier!
\nSince the start of this new year I am working out harder than the previous months. I have set some goals for myself and have taken on a training scheme incorporating running, cycling and swimming. As I sift through the growing mountain of workout data, I find myself questioning: does having more data truly translate to better fitness outcomes??
\nThe thing with working out is that once you make a habit of it, you'll recognise and understand your own feeling better and better. I have been riding my bicycle for some years now and I can quite accurately estimate my current heart rate within just a few beats per minute, the same goes for speed and intensity as measured by my power meter. I'd say that data holds very few secrets to me when it comes to cycling.
\nYet, I am new to running and collecting some metrics such as distance, time and heart rate allows me to gauge my stamina, pace and progress. But, perhaps as an echo of my cycling experience, I noticed that I recognise my own performance once I get in \"the flow\" after some time in. More importantly, the real pain I experience is not measured by any digital tracker, it comes from my untrained knees and related muscles: I can only feel this (and I'd better listen to it, to prevent an injury!). So, health and fitness data only gets me \"so far\" when it comes to running.
\nHonestly, I have to admit that I do not know where the sweet spot is when it comes to health and fitness data. My WHOOP band passively keeps an eye on broader trends and it has detected an improvement in resting heart rate and HRV since I began my intensified training. I like its somewhat more holistic approach, focusing on macro instead of micro: you'll see your progress on a broader horizon. But it, too, only seems to capture a part of the picture of me feeling better.
\nWhen you think about health and happiness, remember that while tools like psychological scales and biometric measures can offer insights, they often fall short of capturing the full spectrum of your personal experience. The most authentic barometer of your well-being and happiness is your own self-awareness.
\nTune into your body's signals and your mind's reflections. Are you feeling energised or drained? Content or restless? These internal cues are invaluable. Embrace a habit of regular self-check-ins, perhaps through mindfulness or journaling, to deeply understand and appreciate your own state of well-being. This self-attuned approach not only respects the uniqueness of your experiences but also empowers you to make adjustments that truly resonate with your personal needs and aspirations.
\nI think that it probably comes down to personal preference and your own goals. If you're a professional athlete trying to win a race or beat a (personal) record, then it makes sense to collect detailed data in order to unlock a few more bits of human performance. In the end, for me it's about feeling connected to my body rather than being tethered to a database.
\nI would love to hear from you on your \"fitness philosophy\". How do you balance between data and intuition? Do you track anything, if so, why? Drop me a mail via mail@willem.com and/or please send me your links, thoughts, ideas and graphs. I intend to write a follow up on this with your feedback!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2024-01-16_health-and-fitness-data/", "title": "Health and fitness data", "summary": "Since the start of this new year I am working out harder than the previous months. I have set some goals for myself and have taken on a training scheme incorporating running, cycling and swimming. As I sift through the growing mountain of workout data, I find myself questioning: does having more data truly translate to better fitness outcomes??", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2024-01-16_health-and-fitness-data/Health-and-fitness-data-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2024-01-15T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2023-12-15_backup-rotation-scheme/", "content_html": "In today's digital age, safeguarding your data is paramount. Simply creating a copy of your files may not be enough as they can get corrupted, overwritten or blocked by ransomware. Having multiple, time-rotated (and ideally, offsite) backups is a stronger defense. I created a new tool, rsync-backup-rotator, to help you with this.
\nBackup rotation is a strategy used in data management where multiple backup copies are created and stored at different intervals, rather than relying on a single backup copy. This method is particularly useful because it mitigates various risks associated with data loss. For instance, if a single backup copy gets corrupted, overwritten, or compromised (e.g., by ransomware), all data since the last backup could be lost. By rotating backups, you create multiple recovery points, allowing you to restore data from different moments in time. This approach provides a more comprehensive safety net, as it protects against both recent data loss and more long-term issues.
\nThe `rsync-backup-rotator` tool embraces this concept of backup rotation. It automates the process of creating and managing these rotated backups. Specifically, the tool uses a central 'current' folder that contains the latest backup data. Based on user-defined settings, it then rotates this data into different folders. For daily backups, it creates and stores copies in subfolders named after each weekday, within a 'week' folder. This means there’s a separate backup for each day, like 'Monday', 'Tuesday', and so on. For monthly backups, on the first day of each month, it creates a snapshot in a corresponding monthly subfolder within a 'month' folder, like 'January', 'February', etc. This system ensures that users have a series of time-stamped backups, providing flexibility and security in their data restoration options.
\nRsync is a tool that makes backups both efficient and effective. It works by only updating the parts of files that have changed since the last backup, rather than copying everything over again. This approach significantly reduces the amount of data being transferred, saving on wear and tear for hard drives and SSDs, and reducing costs for cloud storage since fewer data changes mean less I/O operations. Essentially, rsync ensures that backups are quick and light on resources, making it a smart choice for regular data backup and rotation.
\nRsync is a standard, non-commercial tool built into many operating systems like GNU/Linux, BSD variants, and macOS, making it easily accessible without extra installations or purchases. Trusted by millions worldwide, its robust and efficient data backup capabilities have established it as a reliable and widely-used industry standard.
\nTo create a single copy using rsync, you can use the command `rsync -arvz SOURCE TARGET`. In an earlier post, I explained how to use rsync for making backups, which you can find here: How to Use Rsync to Make Backups. It's important to carefully decide what you want to backup, whether it's a simple documents folder or an entire installation. The `rsync-backup-rotator` tool, as discussed in this blog post, operates under the assumption that you have a functional copy mechanism in place. This mechanism should maintain an up-to-date copy of your files in a folder named \"current\", located in a path accessible by the tool, thereby enabling efficient rotation.
\nLike my watches, here and here, I prefer my tools to be timeless, self explanatory, simple and dedicated to their job. The rsync-backup-rotator was created with this same design ethos.
\nThe tool is a bash script that runs without any weird dependencies or bloat on pretty much all GNU/Linux, BSD and macOS systems. Heck, you can probably get it to work on Windows, too, using the WSL. It is designed to do its job now and in the future, without any maintenance or mandatory updates.
\nYou can download the tool here: https://source.willem.com/rsync-backup-rotator/ There you'll find instructions and a changelog, too. The tool is distributed as free software under the GPLv3 license, intended to guarantee your freedom to use, share and change all versions of this tool.
\nTo use rsync-backup-rotator, run the script with the required arguments: ./rsync-backup-rotator.sh
In the future I intend to release more tools and applications under the GPLv3 licence as free software. Although this is a small beginning, it is my humble attempt to give something back to the world. Stay safe, stay backed up!
\nImagine a week without your smartphone, replaced solely by the sleek simplicity of a smartwatch. This week I did this, leaving my smartphone behind and letting an Apple Watch take the helm. Many hail this as a liberating escape from our attention-seeking digital sidekicks, but does it truly live up to the hype? Join me on this intriguing journey, where technology meets minimalism, and discover whether less really can be more.
\nFor this experiment I selected the Apple Watch Ultra 2 with cellular network connectivity. This enables it to function independently from the iPhone, communicating by itself using its own antennas.
\nCompared to many other watches, including classic timepieces like the Rolex DateJust 36MM, the Apple Watch Ultra is big. Yet, for its purpose it is fitting as the larger size allows for a bigger battery and more screen real-estate. More than any other smartwatch, I think this Apple Watch is a modern tool watch, purpose built and packed with technology.
\nYou should check out your mobile network operator for exact details, but in general the cellular variants of Apple Watch require you to have an additional subscription. For the Dutch Vodafone network there is \"OneNumber\", which is a fitting name for what this service essentially does: having two devices (your smartphone and your smartwatch) working simultaneously with the same phone number. It is as simple as being able to answer any call from either device (independently).
\nOver the years I have experimented thoroughly with smartwatches, but most of them required me to be within Bluetooth range of my smartphone; meaning that I had to carry two devices in order to make it work. This time around I was particularly interested in the phenomenon described by others as a liberating feeling you get once you leave your smartphone home.
\nYou should check out this classic review of the first Apple Watch with LTE support by Benjamin Clymer from Hodinkee, a well respected watch blog. In his 'week on the wrist', Ben notes that you'll get a long way with just a watch and a single (!) AirPod as every day carry (EDC).
\nFor me the smartphone is an essential piece of equipment as it is my primary gateway to the online world where I make most of my money. For my work I switch between states of easy and deep work, where the latter requires a level of focus that is easily disrupted by a connected device like a modern smartphone.
\nAlthough it would do wonders for my focus, I do not want to switch my smartphone off entirely. In addition to my responsibilities with cloud infrastructure, I am a parent of two young kids and you never quite know when \"the world needs me\". Even though I realise it is just \"a feeling\", disconnecting myself entirely, almost immediately gives me anxiety. Earlier I tried using a simple dumbphone that could only call or send simple text messages.
\nA limited dumbphone sort of works, but you'll fall short once you do need modern connectivity, like for fixing cloud stuff or when taking and sending a photo. So instead of killing my smartphone, I took great effort to set it up to very selectively deliver only some notifications, it is something I continue to finetune. I feel there is room for further improvement and this is why I love experimenting with different devices, such as reMarkable, to enhance my deep work performance; aiming to strike a powerful balance between connectivity and solitude.
\nSo, once I had setup everything I put away my smartphone in a bag and set out to do my things with just my Apple Watch. During my day to day activities I limited smartphone screen time to an absolute minimum. During my experiment I had days as daddy and some work days that involved some travelling, too. Just a normal mix of \"Willem Life\".
\nIn and around the home I found Apple Watch particularly strong as it really kills any habit you might have formed in (automatically) picking up the phone to see if something \"is new\". You know, the habit of checking it for the sake of checking it. When you can no longer reach it within arms length, you'll notice how ingrained this \"reflex\" has become. Without me jumping into the digital realm, I felt much more into the \"here and now\". That makes a difference!
\nOccasionally a notification came in that required immediate action. For instance, I had one failing web service that triggered an uptime alarm. These outages are rare, but I did find it very nice that I was notified of this problem without any delay. After receiving the notification I walked to my iPad and set out to address the issue, in a very deliberate manner. This is another effect of the Apple Watch as primary device: you will use your other devices with a greater determination - you set out to do something specific instead of just glancing around. I love this, too.
\nDuring work the Apple Watch does not offer me that much extra, it is just another screen when I am already surrounded with other screens. I guess that it is nice when it alerts you of an upcoming calendar event or a thing on your todo list, but for me it doesn't change the way I work all that much. When I work I am already well connected because of the nature of my work. But of course, Apple Watch's impact on your work can be different. You might enjoy this crazy experiment I did earlier: programming on Apple Watch.
\nWith two curious kids I am often bombarded with \"the questions of life\", many of which I can answer but some require looking up some trivia. I figured that this is where Siri on the Apple Watch really shines. Instead of reaching for your phone to look something up, you can simply ask Siri a question. The trick here is to know how to ask (or pompt) Siri to get you the right results. When my son asked me about the biggest volcano in the solar system, I knew it was on Mars but my knowledge lacked any juicy details. \"Hey Siri, look on wikipedia for the volcano on Mars\" will yield you results within seconds, saving you a trip through search engine advertising wonderland. Powerful stuff, once you've memorised a few of these prompts.
\nCreativity sparks when I am in a focussed state of mind, often when being left alone with my thoughts. I never quite know when and where novel ideas hit me. Sometimes I sit down and use my reMarkable paper tablet to cultivate and capture my thoughts. But, there are times when I don't have it around, like when I am going out for a walk through the countryside. I discovered the voice recorder to be an amazing and friction free, natural way to capture my thoughts. The Apple Watch does an amazing job filtering out any (ambient) noise from the recordings. I found that listening back to these recordings was a very rich way to reflect and journal as there is so much detail in the tone of voice in addition to the actual words.
\nWhen it works I experienced magic, but I found the experience to break down every now and then. The Watch requires its own management, in addition to your smartphone. It can mirror much of the iPhone's setup, but not completely.
\nI was surprised and annoyingly interrupted when it started buzzing on my wrist warning me of loud environmental noise exposure - while riding my road bike through a strong head wind. Or, when it reminds you to stand up... while riding a car. Or, offering you \"tips\" on how to use the watch - when you just need it to get out of your way. Or numerous request, per individual app, for approval to use location services. Super annoying and redundant, especially when you already gave apps certain permission on your phone (like who does not want to allow usage of the GPS in the Maps app?)
\nBut a more fundamental issue I experienced is that the Apple Watch is not a continuous experience. You need to take it off your wrist when its battery is empty. Unlike a smartphone which you can continue to use while charging, the Apple Watch disconnects and stops functioning while on the charger. It won't notify you of incoming calls or (important) notifications. As the Apple Watch requires regular charging this means that you still need to use your smartphone on a near daily basis.
\nIt kind of defeats the purpose of a phoneless experience, as the hassling between different devices requires a certain mental effort, too. You have to plan ahead (e.g. \"do I have enough battery power available for the night or not?\"). I could not find a natural routine to keep the things going.
\nI know that some folks charge the Apple Watch at night, when their phone is on their nightstand. But this means that you cannot use the Watch's silent alarm clock or notification system - powerful features when you share your bed with a partner. (Or any of the Watch's abilities to track your sleep habits, for that matter.).
\nOther folks charge the Apple Watch while taking a shower in the morning. Between 30 and 60 minutes of fast charging, you'll be able to fill the battery up to 80%. Perhaps, I am too fast or efficient for the watch, but my morning routine is under 15 minutes with just a cold shower and a cup of coffee.
\nI tried using two Apple Watches, switching them between my wrist and the charger. That maximises \"watch time on the wrist\" but is ridiculously redundant, requiring even more devices, money, subscriptions and management. It goes against my appreciation for less is more. This lead me to the conclusion that perhaps the best smartwatch is no smartwatch at all.
\nHow we interact with technology is fundamentally still a human decision, you determine what you do, requiring determination and discipline. My experiment with going phoneless served as a confrontation that all I needed was less not more technology to get were I really want to be: in the here and now!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2023-11-10_apple-watch-as-phone/", "title": "Apple Watch as Phone", "summary": "Imagine a week without your smartphone, replaced solely by the sleek simplicity of a smartwatch. This week I did this, leaving my smartphone behind and letting an Apple Watch take the helm. Many hail this as a liberating escape from our attention-seeking digital sidekicks, but does it truly live up to the hype? Join me on this intriguing journey, where technology meets minimalism, and discover whether less really can be more.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2023-11-10_apple-watch-as-phone/Apple-Watch-as-Phone-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2023-11-09T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2023-11-01_and-there-is-light/", "content_html": "The darker days are here in the northern hemisphere, and so is the need for good lights on your bike. Although battery powered lights can do the job, you need to keep them charged. I wanted a light system on my road bike that just works. Read along for some light in the darkness!!
\nSince my move to the country side of Limburg, I find myself more often in utter darkness as many of the country side roads don't feature any street lights. With two young kids I need to be a bit creative on when I go out for a workout; like when they're tucked into bed. This means that good bike lights aren't just a luxury, they are essential for how I use my bike.
\nAlong with my Garmin Edge bike computer I have the Garmin Varia lights, both a headlight (UT800) and rear light with radar (RTL515). They are so-called smart lights, adjusting their beams and intensity on ambient light and your speed. Your Garmin bike computer manages this through a wireless connection. Most of the time this works well, but not *always*... and then it can be a hassle to get the entire system to be reset (e.g. having to reboot both lights, the bike computer) and/or checking the individual wireless connections. Sometimes the *smart* simply fails and then you're stuck with some stubborn blinking lights when you really want a steady bright beam. Another (serious) limitation is that the brightest beam - which you need in utter darkness - uses so much battery power, that it only lasts for 1.5 hours (under good conditions!). I just want my lights to work - no hassles or battery management, please!
\nFriends of the blog will know that I have a minimalistic road bike from Schindelhauer, a devoted bike builder from Berlin. The modified Siegfried Road I use does not have a dynamo, hence my original choice for battery powered lights. To change this, I somehow need a wheel with dynamo, electrical wires and some good dynamo powered lights.
\nThe most efficient and maintenance free dynamos are hub dynamos that sit on/inside the axle of your wheel. Your wheel will have a bit more rolling resistance, but you will get a steady and infinite supply of electric energy in return. The German SON makes fantastic bike dynamos, they are really among the best when it comes to energy output, durability and overall design. All made in Germany.
\nI asked the bike factory of Schildelhauer if they could supply me with a dynamo equipped wheel for my Schindelhauer Siegfried Road. Some of their other bikes feature dynamo powered lights, so I fancied my chances. Unfortunately they could not supply me with a fitting wheel, but they were absolutely willing to help me out. They offered me an original rim that they kept in stock because it failed their quality standards as it had some minor scratches on it. In addition to the rim, they gave me the specifications of the exact dynamo model that would work best on my road bike: I needed a SON28 dynamo with 32 spoke holes.
\nNow I only needed to find a skill-full wheel builder who would be able to create the custom road bike wheel with the SON hub dynamo. Although I can do pretty much do anything myself, creating a perfectly balanced and tensioned wheel calls for craftsmanship beyond my abilities. So I went back to my old hometown of Uithoorn where I knew the local bike shop, Ruud van der Schaft. I explained my crazy plan and he luckily agreed to help me if I would supply him with all the necessary parts.
\nWith the newly made dynamo powered wheel I needed to figure out what lights I would use and how I would connect these to the hub dynamo. I have some really good experience with the Supernova bike lights on my commuter bike. They're a typical example of what happens if you let Germans design and engineer some technology: they go all the way! Their newest model, the M99 DY PRO, has a matrix of 11 LEDs and new control electronics enabling a high beam function. It produces light values up to 1,000 lumens and 200 lux. Now, that's what I call light! HA! I really love this.
\nFor the rear I selected the Supernova E3 Tail Light 2, which works well in tandem with the Supernova head light. Both Supernova lights have capacitors that keep the lights on even if you stop your dynamo powered bike, enhancing visibility when you need to stop down the road (e.g. at traffic lights).
\nInstalling the dynamo powered lights on a road bike may require some thinking, tinkering and creativity. My bike is made from aluminium and some parts already had holes in them that I could use to route the electrical wires. But, before making any permanent modifications I hooked up my lights in a 'quick and dirty' way to see if all parts were working well together.
\nFor various reasons, including durability and looks, I wanted to hide the electrical cables as much as possible. Luckily my front fork had holes in it allowing me to wire the main cables to the hub dynamo.
\nThe main challenge on my bike was to wire the cable through the bike frame. It required drilling a small hole in one of the tubes. I am really reluctant to drill holes in my bike, but I figured (judging on other bikes having holes here) that it would not harm the structural integrity of my frame.
\nMy bike has aerodynamically shaped tubes, they are not perfectly round, leaving some vertical space near the bottom bracket that I assumed to be good enough for an electric wire to pass. Ultimately I had to remove my bottom bracket, crankshaft and pedals to be able to reach the holes inside my bike frame.
\nBefore wiring the actual (thinner) wires, I used a thicker and sturdier copper cable to act as a guide. It is much simpler to 'steer' a sturdy cable.
\nLater I used this sturdy cable to pull the actual cable through. It requires patience and some effort, but eventually you can make it work. I temporarily soldered the actual wire to the guiding wire to make pulling it a little easier. I used a clamp to make a strong connection between both cables.
\nThe rear light has a cable that I wired through my seat post, it goes in a tiny hole that is just underneath my saddle. That cable goes all the way down to the bottom bracket where it meets the other cable from the front of my bike.
\nEventually I was able to connect all the wires, soldering the individual leads together and shrink wrapping them. I left some extra cable length in the seat post tube with two clamp connectors allowing me to remove it if needed.
\nAfter putting everything back together, the result is amazing. Both lights work well and I am very satisfied with how it ended up. I received some comment that it is almost like this was factory installed - I'll take that as a compliment!
\nAnd there was light! WOW! It took some time and effort (..) but it was well worth it. The dynamo powered lights take away the fiddling with wireless battery powered lights, replacing them with a durable solution that requires much less attention in the long run. It just works!
\nYesterday, I had the pleasure of leading a training session on the application of cutting-edge AI techniques, such as OpenAI's large language models (GPT), for a team of individuals from varied backgrounds, education levels, and disciplines. The results surprised me!
\nI arrived an hour early – not by train (owing to a disruption), but by car – a twist of fate that turned out to be serendipitous. It afforded me a chance to casually soak in the atmosphere beforehand and engage in unexpected yet delightful conversations about racing cars and health data, among other things.
\nWe delved into the realm of health data and the significant role that large data models play in healthcare and personal coaching. I introduced them to WHOOP, a 24/7 health and fitness sensor, highlighting how its wealth of data is now accessible through OpenAI, enabling bespoke coaching advice tailored to one's physical condition and personal goals.
\nThe training session itself was an exciting mix of demonstrations, showing how to craft both meaningful and whimsical narratives from text. We explored tailoring content for specific audiences – be they children, teenagers, or even speed-enthusiast seniors. We discussed leveraging OpenAI to devise strategies, such as a social media campaign or a sales pitch, infused with customised data and details pertinent to a prospective client.
\nI emphasised the crucial notion that one's unique touch should always be evident in the outcomes. This isn't a one-way \"text generator\"; it's more of an exchange with a kind of digital assistant to whom you present ideas and from whom you receive expert responses. I also showcased other tools, like the iA Writer app, which, with its minimalistic interface, significantly reduces distractions - making it a perfect tool for creativity.
\nWe wrapped up with a five-point action plan, arming the participants with practical tools and accessible instructions to genuinely apply once the training concluded.
\nExplore the transformative power of AI with a unique, hands-on training session that's far from your standard lecture. I bring a dynamic, interactive storytelling approach that keeps participants engaged and invested. Here's why my AI training is an invaluable investment for your organisation:
\nMy sessions aren't just informative; they're captivating and designed to hold attention from start to finish. Ready to propel your team into the AI-driven future? Reach out to me at mail@willem.com for a customised proposal, adaptable per attendee size and event location. Let's unlock your organisation's potential together!
\nConducting these trainings is incredibly rewarding. Experiencing first-hand the impact of this remarkably powerful new technological advancement on individuals and an organisation – literally at the table – was nothing short of exhilarating. The feedback I receive on everything I explained energises me immensely, fuelling my eagerness to spread the word about AI even further. Is this something your organisation might benefit from? If so, please do get in touch!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2023-10-14_giving-ai-training/", "title": "Giving AI Training", "summary": "Yesterday, I had the pleasure of leading a training session on the application of cutting-edge AI techniques, such as OpenAI's large language models (GPT), for a team of individuals from varied backgrounds, education levels, and disciplines. The results surprised me!", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2023-10-14_giving-ai-training/Giving-AI-Training-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2023-10-13T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2023-10-13_hello-stranger/", "content_html": "While enjoying my fresh wok lunch in Amsterdam, I noticed something odd: other folks coming in for something to eat ignored the person standing at the counter, preferring to order through a digital kiosk. The crazy thing about this? They are just centimetres apart!
\nIn fact, they are so close that the staff member peeks at the display to get a head start on picking the right vegetables – all without any words spoken. Now, I get it: modern technology allows us to be more efficient, but I think I might be witnessing something deeper: we prefer not to talk to each other anymore.
\nPerhaps I am noticing these things because I am reading the book \"The Power of Strangers: The Benefits of Connecting in a Suspicious World\" by Joe Keohane. In his book, the author discusses his own experiments with talking to random strangers, enriching it with research and historical literature about the origins of mankind, hospitality, and the sheer need to connect with others to survive.
\nThink about it for a moment. When was the last time you greeted somebody you didn't know? When did you spontaneously engage in a conversation? Chances are you don't even remember! Likely either you or the other person were \"busy\" with other things (like tinkering with a smartphone).
\nAs a human species, we have reached where we are today because our ancestors collaborated. You don't need to go out hunting for food, do you? We evolved from tribes to larger communities where meeting strangers had the potential to grant us access to food and other resources. Unknown people were treated as guests and were offered generous hospitality for this reason.
\nNow, with the rise of digital technologies, one can't help but feel something might be at risk, an intangible cost of modern efficiency: our ability to talk to strangers.
\nWe shop online, scan our groceries at the self-checkout, order a taxi via an app, and sit behind our screens in the cafe or coffee bar. Contact with random strangers is becoming rarer and rarer. Yet there are surprising benefits to having a simple conversation with someone you don't know.
\nEven a short and simple conversation can make you feel good. You might learn something unexpected, and without a doubt, it has the power to enrich your understanding of others. Like the author of the book about meeting strangers, I set out to see for myself if this was really true.
\nOver the past few weeks, I have been engaging in conversations with random people: at the train station, in the supermarket, on the street, and in the city. I always start cautiously, simply greeting someone or making an 'easy comment' on things like the weather or something equally innocuous. Once you get a reaction, you can easily 'feel' if the person is open to further discussion. An open-ended question, like \"where are you going?\" (at a train station), often yields great results. I've had multiple conversations where people shared more than just their destination, often providing detailed reasons for their travels. Being a good listener ensures the conversation flows naturally.
\nIt's genuinely enjoyable. I've learned a plethora of unexpected things, such as life in Suriname, how the role of train conductors has evolved over the years, what the volcanoes are like in Iceland, and a policymaker's thoughts on the impact of AI on people's comprehension of the world.
\nI truly believe that more people should connect with others by simply talking in an analogue and natural way. It could foster a better understanding of one another, serving as a powerful antidote to the increasing polarisation of our modern world.
\nIt's been over half a year since I moved from the city to the countryside. I regularly travel between these locations for work and leisure. Being a cycling enthusiast, I keep a bike at both places, and this has led me to discover a funny thing.
\nLast November, I relocated to the Limburg countryside after having lived near Amsterdam for many years. I'm still getting acquainted with my new surroundings, venturing out on my bicycle like an explorer, experimenting with different routes. Every twist and turn holds the potential to surprise — a vastly different experience compared to the monotony of a routine commute!
\nI still have a bike at my office in Amsterdam, and occasionally, I go out for a ride. Sometimes, all that's needed to crack a difficult work problem is a breath of fresh air. I love it. In both locations, I relish cycling through nature, as it helps me think. Water seems to work even better for stimulating my mind. Consequently, many of my favourite cycling routes follow rivers, creeks or lakesides.
\nOften described as a welcome escape from the bustling city, the \"Ronde Hoep\" route near Amsterdam offers cyclists an immersive experience in nature. You'll enjoy panoramic views as you meander along the bends of the Amstel and Waver rivers.
\nExpansive and sparsely inhabited, the \"Peel\" in Limburg feels to me like an unexplored country in its own right. While the historical extraction of peat for fuel has left its mark, nature has now reclaimed the land. Large swaths are untouched, and some areas have even earned National Park status.
\nJust look at the differences! From the road (or lack thereof), to the street lights, signage and buildings. Both places are considered to be \"nature\", yet the contrast could hardly be greater.
\nExperiencing the same activity in different settings makes you realise how meaning can vary depending on your location. Where you are matters significantly. Lots of folks never leave their habitat. It makes you wonder: how many of the world's problems come from missing differences in meaning of concepts we take for granted?
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2023-08-23_the-same-differently/", "title": "The Same, Differently", "summary": "It's been over half a year since I moved from the city to the countryside. I regularly travel between these locations for work and leisure. Being a cycling enthusiast, I keep a bike at both places, and this has led me to discover a funny thing.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2023-08-23_the-same-differently/The-Same-Differently-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2023-08-22T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2023-05-31_impact-of-training/", "content_html": "This Monday I completed 235KM on my fixed gear bike during the Fietselfstedentocht 2023. It was a nice ride with fair weather and favourable wind conditions. Yet, I took the challenge seriously and prepared myself with some proper training. In this post I'll have a look at the trend data from my WHOOP in preparation for the Elfstedentocht.
\nDuring this single day event, about 16.000 folks ride through the Dutch province of Friesland. The goal is to collect stamps in different towns and cities. At the finish your stamp card is verified, and if all is in order, you'll get a highly collectible \"Elfstedenkruisje\". This medal is registered on your name. There is special attention for folks who have completed \"De Tocht\" multiple times, some more than 60 times!
\nIt is a fun event, but the open (and often windy) country side of Friesland can be very challenging as an endurance ride. Last year's event was gruesome: only 9.661 people finished the ride (of the 16.000 who were eligible to start). I was one of them and last year's memories urged me to take my training serious.
\nThis year's Elfstedentocht would be my 6th time, yet everything leading up to this year's edition was different for me. As friends of this blog may know, I moved from the city to the country side of Limburg. This effectively broke my routine of commuting by bike. My daily rides to and from the office were (in hindsight) very important for my overall condition. I wear WHOOP, a biometric tracker and it clearly witnessed my body's condition regressing:
\nWHOOP measures a lot of things, one of them is heart rate variability (HRV). Among other things, it is a nice proxy of how fit and relaxed you are. The higher, the better. But, beware: this metric is highly personal. My HRV tends to be on the low end - whereas other folks have measurements in the hundredths of milliseconds. If you're looking at HRV, you must look at the relative trend to make any sense of it. In my WHOOP data you can clearly see that things go down: my fitness suffered from the stress and changes related to moving with my family to a new place.
\nAlthough I am still settling in Limburg, I did make it a priority to pick up cycling again in order to stop the regression of fitness (and weight gaining). As my bike is equipped with decent lights, I took opportunity to go for a ride late at night (when the kids are asleep) - or during lunch time whenever I work from home. I am still figuring things out, but the main goal was to increase my hours on the bike, any bike that is.
\nThe first few weeks of training really sucked, man it was hard. To make things worse... I got some annoyingly effective COVID in February, having a mayor impact on my body. I felt miserable, even walking felt like a strenuous thing. During one of the first rides after my infection, my performance was so bad that I seriously doubted my ability to ride this year's Elfstedentocht.
\nI convinced myself that with some determination I could still turn things around, picking up the pace and beating COVID out of my body. There were still months to go before the Elfstedentocht, plenty of time to get some serious milage done. It wasn't easy, but it worked! I felt better and better, I gained the confidence needed to ride the grand fondo on my fixed gear bike.
\nSo, last Monday (May 29th, 2023) it was time for this year's Elfstedentocht. It was a very nice ride! The weather was fair and wind conditions were favourable on large segments of the 235KM route. Together with my brother Kevin and brother in law Rob we finished the route and gained our Elfstedenkruisje!
\nDuring the day I used both my WHOOP and Garmin to collect data. You can clearly see that the effort during the day varies, with the heart rate going up and down for periods of time.
\nIf you're into details, you can have a look at the actual data from my bike's Garmin Edge 1030 Plus head unit, including all the raw sensor data. Find it on Garmin Connect.
\nIn comparison to Garmin, WHOOP provides a wider data-set including pre and post event data. Here you can see that my heart rate is substantially higher after the big event compared to the night before: the body needs time to recover.
\nAfter a good night's sleep my body was still recovering from the big event. WHOOP calculated a 7% recovery score - a metric derived from modelling my normal biometric values on any given day. Pro athletes excel in recovering faster from strenuous days. Here is room for improvement!
\nIn a year where everything changed for me, it felt as a major achievement to do exactly the same as a year before: completing the Elfstedentocht! Like Alice in Wonderland: \"Now, here, you see, it takes all the running you can do, to keep in the same place.\" I am looking forward for the next year of \"Willem in Wonderland\"!
\nThe best time to start collecting biometric data was 10 years ago.... the second best time? Today! Build yourself a reference dataset NOW, enabling you to track long term effects on your well being. Even if you're not working out or training today - it can still be useful for later. You can get a free WHOOP strap and your first month free through this link: https://join.whoop.com/willem
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2023-05-31_impact-of-training/", "title": "Impact of training", "summary": "This Monday I completed 235KM on my fixed gear bike during the Fietselfstedentocht 2023. It was a nice ride with fair weather and favourable wind conditions. Yet, I took the challenge seriously and prepared myself with some proper training. In this post I'll have a look at the trend data from my WHOOP in preparation for the Elfstedentocht.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2023-05-31_impact-of-training/Impact-of-training-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2023-05-30T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2023-05-08_tablet-as-tool/", "content_html": "The iPad Pro's utility has sparked much debate recently. Some users argue it's a disappointment, failing to meet expectations set by traditional laptops. However, there are less obvious benefits to the iPad worth considering. This blog post delves into these advantages and shares insights into the personal experience of using an iPad Pro.
\nOne such critique of the iPad Pro comes from a thought-provoking article by @vincelwt. While many of the points raised in the article are valid, it is important to explore the unique strengths that the iPad Pro has to offer. By examining these aspects, this blog post hopes to shed light on how the iPad Pro can be a versatile and powerful tool when utilised effectively.
\nFor those interested in more background on working with tablets, I have written quite a few articles offering an in-depth look at my experience using various tablets as tools, including those running Windows and Linux operating systems. Some highlights:
\nThis wealth of knowledge can provide valuable insights for readers keen to learn more about the practical applications of tablet devices in different contexts.
\nWhen considering the various iPad models available, it's crucial to remember that bigger isn't always better. The 12.9-inch iPad Pro, when paired with a Magic Keyboard, weighs more than a MacBook Air, which might not be ideal for users who prioritise portability. In contrast, the 11-inch iPad Pro and smaller iPad Mini models provide a more lightweight alternative, without sacrificing much in terms of power and functionality. By opting for these more compact options, users can enjoy the benefits of a powerful tablet while maintaining ease of transport, making them ideal for on-the-go productivity, entertainment, and creativity.
\nUtilising the iPad in portrait mode offers a more natural and intuitive experience for reading and annotating documents, closely resembling the feel of traditional paper or books. This orientation lends itself well to tasks that require focus and attention to detail, such as reviewing lengthy texts or studying. By enabling 'dark mode' and 'night shift' alongside a dimmed screen, the iPad further enhances the user experience by reducing the amount of blue light emitted, which can help prevent eye strain and promote better sleep. Additionally, Safari's reader mode capitalises on this orientation, making it easier to navigate and consume online content in a more comfortable and visually appealing manner.
\nInvesting in an iPad with 5G or LTE connectivity ensures that you'll always have access to the internet, regardless of your location. The iPad's ability to seamlessly switch between Wi-Fi and mobile data networks means you can stay connected without relying on mobile hotspots or hunting for public Wi-Fi. This convenience stems from the iPad's \"iPhone DNA\", which incorporates the same mobile connectivity technology found in Apple's smartphones. As a result, you can enjoy uninterrupted browsing, streaming, and online communication, enhancing productivity and entertainment options on-the-go.
\nRather than opting for the Magic Keyboard with a trackpad, it may be more beneficial to consider the Smart Keyboard Folio, which does not include a mouse. The iPad's true strength lies in its 10-finger multi-touch screen, which allows for more intuitive and natural interactions with the device. Relying on a mouse inadvertently nudges users back towards traditional laptop-like behaviour, limiting the full potential of the iPad's touch interface. By embracing the touch screen capabilities, users can better manipulate content and enjoy a more immersive experience. For a detailed comparison of these keyboard options, read my full comparison between the Magic Keyboard and the Smart Keyboard Folio, and discover how each accessory can impact the overall iPad experience.
\niPads possess a remarkable ability to stay up-to-date and in sync even when not in use, particularly when equipped with 5G connectivity. This feature ensures that your device remains current with emails, notifications, and software updates, allowing for an efficient and seamless user experience. Consequently, when you pick up your iPad, it's ready to go without the need to spend valuable time catching up on the latest communications or waiting for updates to install. This always-on connectivity not only saves time but also allows you to focus on tasks and activities that matter most, enhancing your overall productivity and enjoyment when using your iPad.
\nEven if you don't consider yourself an artist, the Apple Pencil proves to be an outstanding tool for annotating documents and screenshots. It provides a precise and intuitive method of marking up text or images, enabling you to communicate ideas and feedback more effectively. Once you've made your annotations, the iPad's sharing capabilities allow you to quickly distribute your work via email, iMessage, Signal, or social media platforms. This streamlined process removes the hassle of managing files, letting you focus solely on the content at hand. In essence, the Apple Pencil elevates the iPad experience, transforming it into a versatile and efficient tool for both professional and personal use.
\nOrganising your iPad apps in a manner similar to your iPhone allows you to capitalise on the same muscle memory for swiping and tapping gestures. This familiarity creates a more cohesive user experience, enabling seamless transitions between devices and ultimately improving your overall productivity. Additionally, having the same apps installed on both your iPad and iPhone can provide a significant advantage, as it ensures consistency in functionality, settings, and data across your devices. This synchronisation promotes a more efficient workflow and allows you to easily pick up where you left off, regardless of which device you're using at any given time.
\nCoding on the iPad becomes a viable option with the help of the Blink app and a Virtual Private Server (VPS) running Mosh. While there is an associated cost, the benefits of being able to execute build and deploy tasks even when your iPad is switched off can be invaluable for developers seeking flexibility and efficiency. It's important to acknowledge that text editors such as VIM or Emacs might not suit everyone's preferences, but for some users, including myself, they provide an enjoyable and effective coding environment. Embracing this approach can unlock the iPad's potential as a versatile tool for software development and other technical tasks.
\nDebugging and inspecting web applications on the iPad Pro becomes a viable option thanks to the Inspect Browser. Although it may not provide an identical experience to popular Firefox or Chrome DevTools, the Inspect Browser offers a commendable performance in delivering vital debugging and inspection functionalities. Its compatibility with the iPad Pro enables web developers to work efficiently on their projects without relying on a traditional desktop or laptop setup. This convenience not only allows for greater flexibility but also showcases the adaptability of the iPad Pro as a powerful tool for various professional tasks, including web development, design, and maintenance.
\nAfter using an iPad for several years, I've concluded that it cannot replace a laptop in the traditional sense. However, by re-imagining the way you work and capitalising on the benefits of a tablet, the iPad can be a powerful and versatile tool. Ultimately, individual preferences will vary, which is why Apple continues to produce great laptops alongside their iPad range.
\nAs part of my software optimisation efforts to cut cloud costs, I needed to replace an existing piece of inefficient server software with something that uses more robust (yet fragmented) tooling available in Debian GNU/Linux. Could the GPT4 language model deliver me some AI magic? Read along!
\nPart of my company's cloud services is the so-called \"Lemmid Manager\", an integrated content management system that takes raw input (text, videos, images) and generates beautiful, high-performant static websites. Confronted with surging cloud costs, I am rewriting parts of the software to be more efficient: using less computer power to achieve the same results.
\nYou may not realise it, but whenever you utilise your phone to take a photo, it is always stored landscape (or widescreen). When you take a portrait (or upright) photo, your phone simply adds a little bit of extra information that saves the way you kept the camera - so that when you look back at the photo, it appears correctly oriented. It is faster to write a single bit of (extra) information than to rotate the actual bits and bytes comprising your image.
\nThis is all fine if the photo doesn't leave your phone, but when one would upload the photo to a website - it needs to be optimised for the web. The actual image bits and bytes must then reflect the actual contents of the photo. The image can then be further optimised for loading speeds and different viewports.
\nModern (smartphone) camera's save the orientation in the so-called EXIF accompanying the actual image data. In order to have the image (bits and bytes) correctly reflect the camera's orientation, one should read the EXIF data and based on the orientation apply a rotation algorithm to the image bits and bytes.
\nThe original (handwritten) implementation uses NodeJS and a module called \"lwip\" (LightWeight ImageProcessor) to do this. This works fine in most situations, but as images have grown in size (due to more megapixels), the memory requirements have significantly increased. The downside of doing everything in a single NodeJS process is that the entire thing becomes somewhat of a memory hog - causing the complete NodeJS backend to suffer when you push it to its limits processing thousands of photos.
\nA common strategy to optimise bottlenecks in a piece of software is to extract them from the main program. Instead of processing images from NodeJS directly, I want to use common Debian GNU/Linux tools (that have a proven track record) to do the image auto rotation. From NodeJS I can then call the external 'auto_rotator' and wait for it to complete its task. By having a NodeJS process wait for some asynchronous result/callback, you'll make it available again for other requests.
\nThe great thing of free (as in libre) software is, that there are many building blocks available for you to use to build your own programs. I knew that Debian GNU/Linux has tools available in that can do the image rotation based on EXIF data. The challenge is to create a single script that uses these different tools to do the job while providing some robustness in handling exceptions.
\nInstead of deep diving myself into all the available commands and command options, I decided to ask GPT4 to generate a script for me to do precisely what I wanted, utilising standard tools available in Debian GNU/Linux:
\nWithin a few seconds OpenAI's GPT4 generated a bash script that uses ImageMagick (a common graphics tool) to perform modifications based on the EXIF data in a given image file. The AI selected the \"exiftool\" to read the orientation data and based on that tool's output, run the ImageMagick's \"convert\" command to apply the right rotation.
\nThe full code (that was generated within seconds) is beautifully commented, giving you a great feeling what's going on. It is structured and optimised for humans to read.
\nIn addition to the actual working code, the AI delivered documentation explaining how to use the newly generated software - including installation instructions. This is something that I know most programmers overlook (technical documentation is often an afterthought).
\nWithin a few minutes I had a working, documented, piece of code that helps me solve a bottleneck in a piece of cloud software. That is simply amazing - it saved me time (that I subsequently used to write this blog post).
\nOne can only wonder what effects large language models like ChatGPT/GPT4 will have on how we work. I fully embrace AI-tools - knowing how to use them will be essential in the near future (I think)!
\nAs part of a greater plan to optimise my entire workflow, I am doing a little experiment this month: using a 15-year old ThinkPad X200 laptop as main computer. It’s from an era before “the cloud”, popular among free/libre software enthusiasts. What can we learn from this antithesis of modernity?
\nOriginally released in 2008, the ThinkPad X200 was described as a lightweight, sturdy laptop with plenty of hardware options including different storage options, memory configurations and a wide range of processors to choose from.
\nThere are many “love stories” on the web about the ThinkPad’s legacy and iconic design, if you’re unfamiliar with it you should check out its dedicated wikipedia page. In short, it is a computer highly focussed on function, designed to be reliable, repairable and capable.
\nUnlike many cheap modern computers, the yesteryear’s ThinkPad’s where designed to last. They are repairable and use many common parts. Their (bottom) panels even have indicators showing you which screws hold what parts - making servicing very easy. You can upgrade the computer with third party components, like memory and (SSD) storage. The battery is removable (with a simple/sturdy click) and can be replaced while the computer is running (on wired power).
\nWhy would you want to use such an old computer? I think there is a lot to learn about the ‘modern way of working’ by doing exactly the opposite. Instead of using a wide range of cloud services to get work done, I will use this machine to develop an entirely cloud independent, offline first, workflow to get my things done.
\nAs the X200’s modern counterparts like Microsoft Surface or Apple MacBook are seamlessly integrated with cloud services (e.g. you need a Microsoft ID to login to Windows 11), it is nearly impossible to do this with a modern machine. It will keep nudging you back into the cloud.
\nTo make this work, I installed a modern operating system on the X200: the newest stable version of Debian GNU/Linux. I have written about the importance of free software before; in short: you are in control. The great thing about this, is that all my favourite software tools are available on this machine, natively. No need to fiddle with third party package managers like Homebrew, Chocolatey or Scoop. Greatness is just one “apt-get install” away!
\nThis particular X200 laptop is one with its Intel Management Engine disabled and it has its proprietary BIOS firmware replaced by Libreboot. Although I am comfortable in using modern, closed, devices like an iPhone or iPad, I am open to the critics of the Electronic Frontier Foundation who make a compelling case of the security risks inherent to the power that these deeply integrated sub systems have. Better be safe, than sorry.
\nIf you think of using an old machine yourself, consider replacing old hardisks with modern SSD-storage. I replaced the original, slow, disk with a modern Samsung 8TB SSD. It is fast and offers a gigantic amount of storage, only equalled by a modern $6499 costing MacBook Pro.
\nNot all is great, however. The X200’s display is clearly showing its age: blacks are grey and you can clearly see individual pixels. I don’t expect to win any (web/app) design awards utilising this display, but it does offer a (rather) confronting alternative view on modern (often, very light/thin) typography. I think that if you can make your software look clear and great on a mediocre display, all users can benefit from it (including those on HiPDI/Retina displays).
\nTaking a page from Apple’s design book, I took extra effort to make the software installation fit the hardware. Instead of using a bloated software experience, I carefully select a handful of apps and tools to run on the old computer. Instead of a full desktop environment like GNOME or KDE, I opted for a so-called tiling Window Manager that tries to maximise the usage of available screen estate. I use SwayWM that is a drop-in replacement for i3, but based on the modern Wayland display protocol. I used many of the same refinements that I applied to my “WillemOS” tablet experiment.
\nThe goal is to use the X200 for the next weeks as main computer. My modern MacBook and iPad are switched off. I want to optimise my workflow by learning about my dependencies on the cloud and to find ways to become more self-sustaining, resilient and independent.
\nAs the old laptop offers me fewer computing resources, it forces me to take great care in software optimisation. This is the other major goal as cloud costs have been surging due to rising energy costs. I am eating my own dog food here, as they say.
\nTime will tell how far the X200 will get me, but one thing is clear: these experiments push you out of the comfort zone - to a place where you have plenty of opportunity to learn. It is my hypothesis that the lessons that I will learn, will benefit me (and my customers) in the future.
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2023-05-01_working-offline-first/", "title": "Working Offline First", "summary": "As part of a greater plan to optimise my entire workflow, I am doing a little experiment this month: using a 15-year old ThinkPad X200 laptop as main computer. It’s from an era before “the cloud”, popular among free/libre software enthusiasts. What can we learn from this antithesis of modernity?", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2023-05-01_working-offline-first/Working-Offline-First-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2023-04-30T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2023-04-20_tips-for-long-distance-cycling/", "content_html": "In preparation for this year’s Fietselfstedentocht (236KM), I took my bike and set out for an adventurous ride through half of the Netherlands. It was my first long distance ride after being infected with COVID. If you're considering a long-distance ride yourself, be sure to read along to discover invaluable tips and tricks from my experience.
\nEvery year I love to take part in the Fietselfstedentocht, a single-day long-distance ride through the Dutch province of Friesland. It is an incredible event where thousands of people will encourage you to collect stamps in various towns. It can be a serious challenge, depending on weather, and therefore you’d better put in some effort to train yourself!
\nThere is probably no better way to prepare for a long distance ride, than to (gradually) start riding ones. After intensifying my ‘around town’ rides near my home, I was ready for some serious long distance cycling. I decided to go to Amsterdam from Limburg by bike, taking a little detour via Venlo, Nijmegen, Arnhem, Flevoland. I selected this route on purpose, so it would have great variation in scenery and it would feature some long straights on windy dykes (something that you’ll encounter in Friesland, too).
\nPlan your route in advance, during the ride you will be busy enough with the challenge of completing it. You can use a navigation system or you can follow road signs. Either way, it is wise to memorise major waypoints and towns around the route. This will give you a sense of orientation during the ride that is useful when you try to find the right dosage of effort.
\nLong distance riding takes a little extra preparation than a normal quick ride around town. You must make sure you’re bike is in technical good condition, you should bring along some spare tires and tools, and you must think of how to “refuel” yourself along the route. It might be a good idea to practice servicing a flat tire, if you have never done this before.
\nAnother challenging thing to get right is clothing. Long distance riding often takes multiple hours on the bike. Weather forecasts are local and only ‘so so’ reliable. Get yourself a set of clothing that is neither too cold, nor to hot. You really want to focus all your energy on the ride itself, not on being chilly or overly hot during the ride.
\nAs we live in modern times, you could consider leveraging friends and family to provide you with support along the route. For this I connected my Garmin Edge with my iPhone so it could relay incoming messages on the bike computer’s display. With Garmin’s live tracking feature you can share your route and progress (including current position, speed and heart rate) with your family and friends. I prepared a message before I left and shared it with about a dozen persons, it makes the solo challenge a little less lonely. Trust me, this can make a big difference whenever you go through the “why did I want to do this”-fase that you will eventually encounter during the ride.
\nWhenever I set out to ride a long distance, I always start slow: if you can comfortably ride at 30KM/h, consider starting at 25KM/h. Energy is easily spent during the first few hours as you feel fresh and fit. The real challenge is to have enough energy left in the proverbial tank to complete the last hours. Prepare for this by training with an heart rate monitor and figure out where your limits are, then try to find an optimal speed that you can comfortably maintain for hours. This takes a little practice and it changes based on the conditions (like weather or how well you’ve slept). Learn to listen to your body and only gradually increase your effort as you go!
\nAfter a relaxed morning at home in Hegelsom, I set out for Amsterdam. The weather was fair, with some medium headwind on the early part of the route. I planned my route via various Dutch national parks (Maasduinen, Hoge Veluwe) and through different cities and villages. This way I would have a great variety of scenery and plenty of opportunity to refuel. As a contingency measure in case my performance was not enough (after being infected by COVID), I made sure to bring along my public transport chip card to be able to bail out of the ride by taking the train to Amsterdam.
\nUpon departure I shared my live tracking link with friends and family on Twitter. In addition to the real time data, I posted photos during the day to give folks an idea what I was seeing. This is a fun way to create (and share) memories.
\nAnother amazing thing about long distance bicycle rides is the sheer amount of impressions you get during the day. I once jokingly said that a ride like this feels like a major holiday journey. As you traverse through the country you’ll see many different things, see many different people (in their ‘natural habitat’) and experience different emotions and thoughts while you’re pedaling away.
\nTake your time to enjoy the surroundings, it is you, your bike and your route. I think it is one of the “purest” ways to enjoy your country, I love it.
\nIf your ride’s distance is long enough, chances are you’ll encounter the proverbial “man with the hammer”. The moment you feel wasted, gone, out of energy and motivation. It happens, and you should not be afraid for this. An easy fix for it is to make sure you have some (small) snacks with you to enjoy while you take a small break. Just a few minutes on a bench can make a world of a difference. If you gain more experience, you can feel it coming and plan for it. Don’t feel ashamed by stepping of the bike - it is the only way to keep going!
\nWhen you complete your ride you will feel victorious, in a “raw” and “primal” way. This feeling of euphoria will last for days, possibly weeks. It is a great reward for your efforts - enjoy it with pride!
\nLong distance riding is something special, its impact goes way beyond the mere kilometres your ride. It is physical and mental. You’ll learn about yourself in a way few other experiences can do. If you’re thinking about doing this, take my advice: DO IT - you’ll love it.
\nCheck out my ride data on Garmin Connect
\nLike many, I faced soaring cloud service costs for my clients, prompting a wake-up call. To stay afloat, it's essential to incorporate software optimisation as a strategy for managing cloud expenses. Join me as I share how I managed to save up to 90% on cloud costs through optimisation!
\nFor many people, \"the cloud\" seems intangible, making it difficult to grasp what exactly contributes to cloud costs. Simply put, the cloud consists of computers without displays, housed in large cabinets and occupying entire rooms or buildings. These computers are not very different from your personal devices, such as laptops.
\nThe more tasks you perform on a cloud computer, the greater the processing power and memory required to avoid slowing down or crashing. Cloud providers charge you for the amount of computing power and memory you use.
\nMuch like your laptop's or phone's battery draining faster when pushed harder, cloud computers consume more electricity when working at full capacity.
\nThe recent surge in cloud costs is primarily due to rising energy expenses. Cloud providers pass this expense on to the end-users of their services: YOU!
\nAlthough I had to raise prices, too, it did not feel right to simply forward the bill and dismiss it as \"not my problem\". I believe that for my businesses to prosper sustainably, taking full responsibility for the rising costs is essential. That's why I set out to cut my cloud costs.
\nLet's look at three simple strategies for reducing cloud expenses: doing tasks less frequently, deleting unnecessary data, and delegating tasks to others.
\nFirstly, one way to cut costs is to reduce the frequency of specific tasks. Analyse your processes and identify operations that consume a significant amount of resources. Determine if these tasks can be performed less often without compromising your objectives. By running resource-intensive processes less frequently, you can conserve resources and lower your overall cloud expenditure. For example:
\nAnother strategy is to regularly delete unnecessary data. As storage costs can make up a considerable portion of your cloud expenses, it's crucial to audit your stored data and remove any outdated or irrelevant files. By doing so, you can free up valuable storage space and avoid incurring unnecessary costs for data you no longer need. For example:
\nLastly, consider delegating certain tasks to others or utilising client-side computing resources. There are many services available that specialise in handling specific cloud-based operations, often more efficiently than trying to manage them in-house. By outsourcing some of these tasks to specialists or leveraging the fast processors and memory of users' devices, you can take advantage of their expertise and resources, while reducing the burden on your own cloud infrastructure. Read my post on leveraging client-side computing power. This approach can lead to both cost savings and improved performance. For example:
\nAfter months of diligent work, I managed to reduce my cloud footprint by 66%, while retaining approximately 80% of all features and services. By the end of the year, I anticipate further reductions as some contracts are due to expire.
\nAt first, the task seemed insurmountable; it was unclear where to begin. However, as I gained confidence and progressed with my optimisation strategy, I developed a knack for it, discovering more opportunities for optimisation along the way.
\nCutting cloud costs doesn't have to be a complex process. By adopting these straightforward strategies—performing tasks less frequently, deleting unnecessary data, and delegating tasks to others—you can make a significant impact on your cloud expenses and optimise your overall operations. Ultimately, you might find yourself wondering why you hadn't started this process sooner. As the saying goes, better late than never!
\nThis month, I headed back to university for a special course on scientific programming. With numerous recent advancements in machine learning (referred to as \"AI\" in PowerPoint parlance), including ChatGPT, it felt like the ideal moment to delve into Python programming. Join me on this journey.
\nPython has gained immense popularity within the scientific community, and for good reason. Its simplicity and readability make it approachable for newcomers, whilst retaining the power to tackle complex tasks. The language's versatility enables researchers and scientists to implement algorithms and models with relative ease.
\nAn extensive array of libraries tailored for scientific computing, such as NumPy, SciPy, Pandas, and Matplotlib, bolsters Python's position in this domain. These libraries offer comprehensive functions and tools for data analysis, statistical modelling, and visualisation, thus streamlining the scientific programming process.
\nIn comparison to other programming languages, such as JavaScript or Ruby, which often find use in non-scientific contexts like web development, Python boasts a more straightforward syntax. This characteristic allows users to focus on the problem at hand rather than wrestling with language intricacies. Additionally, Python's extensive scientific ecosystem renders it a more suitable choice for research applications.
\nExamine the following two code samples, one in C++ and the other in Python 3. Each program performs identical tasks: requesting the user's name and date of birth, carrying out basic input validation, and ultimately revealing the user's current age.
\nOne can easily observe the contrasting syntax between the two languages, with Python bearing a closer resemblance to everyday English. This aspect of Python often enhances readability and comprehension for many users.
\nAnother factor contributing to Python's success in scientific programming lies in its thriving community. Researchers and developers from various disciplines share knowledge, offer support, and contribute to open-source projects, fostering an environment of collaboration and continuous learning.
\nThroughout the course, the absolute basics of programming were explored by tackling problems from various scientific domains. Upon completion, a solid grasp of programming principles was acquired, with the ability to apply them across different fields and projects.
\nRevisiting the basics of programming, even for experienced programmers (like myself), can prove to be immensely beneficial. Over time, it's not uncommon for programmers to develop habits or shortcuts that may not adhere to best practices. By returning to the fundamentals, you can unlearn any detrimental habits and re-establish a strong foundation in programming principles. Additionally, the fast-paced nature of the tech industry means that innovations and updates are constantly emerging. By revisiting the basics, seasoned programmers can stay up to date with the latest advancements and methodologies. This process of re-evaluation also offers an opportunity to approach programming with a clean slate.
\nThe course consisted of multiple modules, starting with Level 1, where a choice was made between ALGORITHMS, which focused on breaking down intuitive problems into steps a computer could understand, and NUMBERS, a mathematically oriented module that delved into number properties without requiring prior maths knowledge. In Level 2, the choice was between TEXT, which centred on natural language processing and sentiment analysis of tweets, and NUMERICAL INTEGRATION, where important techniques for determining surface areas under functions when traditional integration didn't suffice were taught. Level 3 involved working with BIG-DATA, analysing large datasets and weather patterns in the Netherlands. An optional bonus level, MOVEMENT, provided a simulation of digging a tunnel through the planet and explored physics problems solvable with computer assistance.
\nNo matter one's age or wisdom, there's always room to learn something new, particularly with advancements in machine learning like GPT4. Moreover, going back to university provides a refreshing change, presenting a completely different context compared to the commercial or professional sphere in which I typically operate. Embrace the mantra: stay hungry, stay foolish!
\nThe year 2022 has been very special to me, after working very hard to make it possible: me and my family finally made the big move to Limburg. To commemorate this milestone, I got myself a timeless timepiece: the Rolex DateJust 36. Read on to find out what it's like!
\nEarlier I described me and my family's big move from bustling Amsterdam to the peaceful countryside of Noord-Limburg. To make it possible, both financially and professionally, I had to move quite some mountains. In the end, it all came together and we now live happily - in the middle of nearly nowhere (ha!)
\nUpon sharing my passion for watches at a near-nerdy mechanical level, I received an invitation to try on exquisite Patek Philippe masterpieces. These intricate works of art rival the cost of a family home in Limburg. While I find the comparison amusing, I believe that the timing wasn't suitable for me to sport such a lavish timepiece. As a devoted father, I am constantly immersed in the lively world of children, engaging in LEGO-building, role-playing, bath-time assistance, and playground slide heroics. This boisterous environment hardly seems like the ideal sanctuary for a sophisticated Patek Philippe Grand Complications watch.
\nSince its inception in 1945, the Rolex DateJust has secured its position as an iconic timepiece. This classic wristwatch boasts a distinct design that transcends fleeting trends, with its elegant form and timeless appeal. As the first self-winding wristwatch to feature an automatically changing date on the dial, the DateJust demonstrated Rolex's commitment to innovation and precision. Over the years, this masterpiece has seen various refinements, yet it retains its original charm and enduring allure.
\nThe Rolex DateJust's history intertwines with notable figures, including U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower, who sported the watch during his tenure. Apart from its association with distinguished personalities, the DateJust has graced the wrists of adventurers and explorers, showcasing its versatility and reliability. This horological classic, available in various materials, sizes, and dials, captivates watch enthusiasts worldwide.
\nDue to factors such as speculation, inflation concerns, and cash restrictions, Rolex watches have recently experienced surging demand leading to stock shortages. If you manage to find one at a local authorised dealer, count yourself fortunate. By doing so, you can purchase at the list price, avoiding the hefty premiums associated with the second-hand or grey market, where some models command a 200% markup.
\nPerhaps it was luck, or perhaps it was fate, but I chanced upon a Rolex DateJust 36 in stock at Gassan Amsterdam. While I'm not particularly superstitious, I thought the 22nd of December would be a fitting date to purchase a watch to commemorate the year '22. Therefore, when the friendly staff uttered the enchanting words \"this one is available,\" I eagerly responded with a resounding \"YES, please!\"
\nThis particular Rolex DateJust model showcases the classic size of 36 millimetres in diameter. While this dimension might seem small for a men's watch by contemporary standards, I appreciate the restrained proportions of all my belongings, whether it's my phone, tablet, or timepieces like the Tudor Black Bay 36 or my custom-made ochs und junior annual calendar.
\nThe watch possesses a vibrant blue dial that transitions from a stately near-black to a brilliantly luminous hue in direct light. Featuring a fluted bezel made of white gold (Rolesor, in Rolex parlance), this DateJust variant, when paired with the jubilee bracelet, garners admiration from both enthusiasts and novices alike.
\nI cherish the hope that I can wear this timepiece in good health for numerous years to come. In a sense, its dimensions and hues evoke memories of my late father's watch, which, in turn, bore a resemblance to the size of my grandfather's timepiece – who has also passed away. As the years unfold, perhaps my children will look back fondly on me and this watch, creating a lasting legacy that transcends generations – the future holds endless possibilities.
\nThe DateJust 36 is the ultimate wingman, always there to lend a hand no matter what life throws at you. Need to build a LEGO tower? It's got your back. Cracking open a cold one with the boys at work? It'll be right there with you. Hitting up the casino for a night of gambling? No problem, the DateJust 36 is ready to roll.
\nAnd if you're feeling adventurous, take it out for a spin on your bike or wear it while scrubbing the bathroom floor - it's tough enough to handle anything you throw at it. So go ahead, live your best life with the DateJust 36 by your side - just don't blame it if you wake up with a hangover or a broken LEGO tower.
\nThe DateJust serves as a dependable wrist worn companion, sure to endure for years ahead. What a fitting method to commemorate a remarkable year! Its adaptability and wearability are truly endearing. Given that time holds such great value, this watch aptly aids in monitoring its passage!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2022-12-22_rolex-datejust-36/", "title": "Rolex DateJust 36", "summary": "The year 2022 has been very special to me, after working very hard to make it possible: me and my family finally made the big move to Limburg. To commemorate this milestone, I got myself a timeless timepiece: the Rolex DateJust 36. Read on to find out what it's like!", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2022-12-22_rolex-datejust-36/Rolex-DateJust-36-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2022-12-21T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2022-11-01_moving-to-the-countryside/", "content_html": "This month marked \"the big move\": relocating my family from Amsterdam to Noord-Limburg's countryside. Motivated by my wife's longing for her roots and our desire for space, the timing felt right. As our oldest child neared four years and primary school, we considered embracing the countryside lifestyle. Would trading Amsterdam's bustle for a new pace be rewarding? Read on!
\nBorn in the mid-80s, I grew up near Amsterdam before pursuing my Bachelor of Information Technology and later, my Master of Information Studies at the Universiteit van Amsterdam. After purchasing an apartment, I launched three companies, catering to hundreds of customers. My connection with Amsterdam runs deep, as I adore its diversity, energy, and proximity to everything. For cycling enthusiasts like myself, Amsterdam offers the ideal environment for exploring on two wheels.
\nDespite its charm, Amsterdam harbors drawbacks that I've come to know all too well. Tranquility remains elusive, as planes and cars create an unrelenting buzz throughout day and night. I've experienced firsthand the darker side of urban living: the theft of my car's wheels and the chilling encounter with a burglar inside my apartment bedroom during an early morning awakening.
\nThe city's streets, teeming with life, can turn into grimy alleyways, where rats scurry through shadows, and an overwhelming sense of crowdedness pervades. Indeed, the very attributes that make Amsterdam so vibrant can also transform it into a challenging place to call home, where the struggle for peace and safety sometimes overshadows the allure of the bustling metropolis.
\nWhile I relish the thrill of urban living and its inherent vibrancy, my role as a father of two compels me to reconsider my priorities. In providing my children with a safe environment to savor their childhood, I aim to strike a balance between sheltering them from the harsher aspects of city life and offering a more gradual introduction to the exhilarating, fast-paced world that awaits them. By nurturing their growth in a secure setting, I seek to instill in them a sense of confidence and resilience, ensuring that they can navigate the challenges and excitement of city living when the time comes.
\nTucked away in the southeastern part of The Netherlands, Noord-Limburg captivates with its forests, hills, creeks, farms, and villages. Instead of a single metropolis dictating the rhythm of life, Limburg features numerous small villages, each brimming with clubs and unions. Residents, well-acquainted with one another, take pride in maintaining their surroundings.
\nSome friends and business connections humorously cautioned that rural life might lag a few decades behind the city's cutting edge. Yet, contemplating the virtues and drawbacks of this slower pace, I wondered if trading some recent urban developments, such as rising crime and overcrowding, for a more peaceful existence could prove worthwhile. Only one way to find out!
\nWe discovered a spacious house in the village of Hegelsom (±1965 inhabitants in 2021), within walking distance of the primary school. Streets experience minimal traffic, and planes only fly high overhead infrequently. Upon moving in, the welcoming villagers kindly greeted us, extending invitations to various neighborhood events.
\nSpotting litter on the streets proves a rare occurrence, and residents maintain their homes in tidy condition. The native locals converse in their distinct dialect, which might sound alien to urban dwellers. However, after a decade of knowing my wife and her family, I've managed to comprehend their unique language.
\nOur new house's proximity (by foot) to a train station with direct access to Amsterdam isn't mere coincidence. Although I no longer reside in the city area, I retain my Amsterdam apartment as a pied-a-terre and office, allowing me to enjoy the urban bustle at my leisure while providing a secure haven for my family and moments of respite.
\nMoving to Limburg sometimes feels like a jump into the unknown, but it offers me a new world to explore, learn from, and live in. I am excited to see how this move will shape and influence my daily routines and lifestyle choices over time. I am sure its impact on my life extends far beyond just changing my address!
\nLast Sunday I experienced a breathtaking fusion of legendary rock band MUSE and Amsterdam's iconic Royal Theatre Carré. The band's electrifying sound in the theatre's sophisticated atmosphere proved to be a recipe for an unforgettable night.
\nHailing from Teignmouth, Devon, MUSE emerged onto the music scene in the late 1990s, quickly gaining attention for their unique blend of alternative rock, electronic, and progressive elements. Comprising vocalist and guitarist Matthew Bellamy, bassist Chris Wolstenholme, and drummer Dominic Howard, the trio has crafted a powerful sound, characterised by soaring vocals, intricate guitar work, and dynamic drumming. Over the years, MUSE has captivated audiences worldwide with their electrifying live shows and thought-provoking lyrics, garnering multiple awards and securing their place as one of the most innovative and influential bands of their generation.
\nUndoubtedly an iconic cultural landmark in downtown Amsterdam, the Royal Theatre Carré traces its history to 1887. Conceived as a circus theatre by Oscar Carré, it has evolved into a revered institution known for classic appeal and diverse world-class performances. Carré captivates audiences with magnificent architecture, elegant interiors, and an enchanting ambiance, exuding unrivalled sophistication. In 1991, the theatre received the \"Royal\" title, enhancing its prestige. Today, Royal Theatre Carré remains a proud symbol of Amsterdam's cultural scene, enchanting visitors with timeless charm and captivating artistic experiences.
\nImagine MUSE's electrifying performance resonating within the intimate confines of Carré's classic setting. Every soaring note and intricate guitar riff amplified by the theatre's exquisite acoustics, while dazzling lights dance and shimmer, reflecting off the elegant interiors. In this fusion of raw energy and timeless charm, the audience becomes one with the music, submerged in a mesmerising, unforgettable encounter where the boundaries between past and present, tradition and innovation, simply dissolve into the atmosphere.
\nMUSE delivered a riveting setlist, blending old classics with fresh material, as cool, balanced lighting elevated each song. The intimate theatre setting revealed the band's expressive faces, while the enthralled audience, an unusual sight at Carré, sang and danced along. This unique experience culminated with their harmonica-infused \"Knights of Cydonia\" finale, leaving everyone in awe.
\nWow! I simply feel very fortunate to have witnessed MUSE's magic within Carré's walls. A night surpassing the sum of its parts!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2022-10-23_muse-in-carre/", "title": "MUSE in Carré", "summary": "Last Sunday I experienced a breathtaking fusion of legendary rock band MUSE and Amsterdam's iconic Royal Theatre Carré. The band's electrifying sound in the theatre's sophisticated atmosphere proved to be a recipe for an unforgettable night.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2022-10-23_muse-in-carre/MUSE-in-Carre-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2022-10-22T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2022-09-15_the-ultimate-freedom-bike/", "content_html": "Rarely have I been so amazed by a bike: the past 5 months since I've picked up my Brompton foldable bike in Amsterdam have been great fun! About 500KM down the road, I'm happy to share some of my experiences with this ingenious piece of engineering, read on!
\nIn 1975 Andrew Ritchie invented a bike with an 3-part fold: a vehicle that transformed in a small package and could go anywhere with him. The following years Andrew obsessively honed his invention from a rented workshop in a local engineering company.
\nDespite the demand, Andrew faced endless rejection letters from banks and bike companies to invest. Things changed in 1987 when an impressed Brompton owner and founder of Naim Audio, Julian Vereker, stepped in: the Brompton folding bike won the coveted Best Product Award in the Cyclex Bike Show in London. The rest is history, as they say!
\nToday there are more than 1500 official dealers and 15 Brompton Junctions around the world, including one in Amsterdam. The original design has influenced many other bike makers, it can therefore easily be considered an iconic bike with a proven track record and fans from all around the world.
\nMy orange M6L Superlight Brompton takes everything that defines a Brompton to a next level using lightweight parts made of titanium. My bike came with 6 gears (2 using a derailleur, 3 inside a hub) and dynamo lights. I installed a Brooks cambrium saddle and opted for an integrated toolset. Equipped with my favourite puncture resistant tires from Schwable, I figured this bike would be perfect for some serious action.
\nUnfold the bike in 20-ish seconds and you're ready to ride! The first few kilometers I needed a little getting used to the agility of the steering. Compared to my single speed Schindelhauer Siegfried Road bike, the Brompton accelerates quickly and handles very direct. The smaller wheels are not a problem as the gears and frame are well balanced for them. Thanks to simple geometric science, the smaller circumference maximises the efficacy of the brakes.
\nAs I like cycling, my trained legs allowed me to easily go much faster than I thought was comfortably possible on a foldable bike. The Brompton quickly gives you the confidence to handle it like a normal bike. While great handling may be considered table stakes for any bike, I am sorry to notice that many modern \"designer bikes\" seem to have missed that memo. Any bike should be a pleasure to ride - before anything else!
\nDon't take my word for it, you should definitely check out the video from GCN where they find out what happens when you put a pro on a Brompton, taking it out of its comfort zone? Can a folding bike climb? How does it compare to a top of the bill road bike? They have brought along multiple British Hill Climb champion Andrew Feather to find out!
\nWhile riding the Brompton is a pleasure, it really shines when you step off. You can take it with you, pretty much anywhere! Combine your cycling with public transport: metro, bus, tram and train. Heck, you can even check-in your Brompton on the Airport!
\nIf you have family or friends with a car, you'd be surprised how many extra possibilities there are to use the foldable bike and hitching a ride. You can join and/or split whenever you feel like doing so. Unlike a regular bike, the foldable bike doesn't require a bulky bike carrier to be mounted on the car.
\nIf you live in an urban area you might enjoy the fact that it is very easy to bring the bike with you inside. No need for bulky locks or to unnecessarily expose it to the elements or thieves. Chances are that you can always find a place for your bike, even inside your favourite coffee bar.
\nThe Brompton is a great bike that folds into a small package: making it very versatile. I'm still discovering ways to use this bike that I haven't imagined with any of my other bikes! It can go where other bikes can't: maximising the freedom you enjoy as cyclist!
\nThis morning I enjoyed my bike ride on a nearly empty bicycle lane, picture perfect rays of sunlight illuminated the dew above the fields around me. Where were all the other cyclists? I suspect it has something to do with popular weather apps. It strikes me how great the control of computers on people's lives already is.
\nApparently, there was a chance of rain this morning, as indicated by the iPhone's weather app. Although I did not encounter any drop of rain, that tiny rain cloud icon on the phone made fewer people go out for a ride.
\nSure, I get it: few folks like to get wet on their fancy bikes. But what happened with actually looking out of the window to check out the actual weather? A quick glance would have shown anyone the perfect conditions for a ride. Do you make decisions based on the weather app?
\nDespite its recent renaissance in the ranks of \"buzzword bingo\", concepts of artificial intelligence and machine learning are not all that novel. The idea of using learning as a means of bootstrapping a simpler system to human-level intelligence can be traced back at least to Alan Turing's notion of a \"child machine\" in 1950. Instead of trying to produce a programme to simulate the adult mind, why not rather try to produce one which simulates the child's? If it were then subject to an appropriate course of education, one would obtain the adult brain.
\nIn his book \"Superintelligence\", Nick Bostrom thoroughly explores the possible paths towards the creation of an artificial intelligence. What happens when machines surpass humans in general intelligence? Will artificial agents save or destroy us? Even Elon Musk agrees with me that everybody should read this book.
\nAlthough the general consensus is that a true artificial general intelligence does not exist yet, I would argue that society in general is lining up perfectly for an AI to take control. The boiling frog metaphor is a powerful way to think about this, where the frog does not perceive the danger of water brought to a boil slowly. We shouldn't allow ourselves to be cooked by anybody, lest alone an AI!
\nWhile enjoying the empty bike lane this morning, it occurred to me that the weather app is not alone in controlling people's behaviour. Consider the following examples:
\nNew technology always scares people. When the first bicycles appeared, people blamed almost anything on them! Yet, they are now integrated in our lives in a reasonable good way. People know the risks and many act accordingly. Helmets and bike lights are very common. Eventually, I expect the same for computerised decision making: we will learn to deal with it in a good way.
\nIn the meantime we should actively remain curious and enjoy the modern wonders of technology, like the amazing DALL-E AI system that can create original, realistic images and art. I worked with it to create the artwork accompanying this blog post. The recently started discussion about who owns the generated works doesn't surprise me at all. Policy makers would be wise not to ignore the greater questions surrounding artificial intelligence!
\nChances are that you've encountered a CAPTCHA in the wild: they protect web forms by asking you to type over weirdly rendered characters or by asking you to select photos containing a particular thing. Why are they used and is there a user friendly alternative?
\nDesigned to tell computers and humans apart, CAPTCHA's often require you to do something that computer's can't easily do. Hence the acronym stands for: Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart. Web builders use CAPTHA's to protect their web forms against automated spam and abuse.
\nA typical web form uses two steps:
\nThe problem with this typical approach is that the first step can easily be automated by malicious actors. They use another computer to repeatedly submit information to the server, forcing it to process loads of information, often containing spam messages. Hackers are especially keen on finding web forms where they can manipulate the \"TO\"-address, because then they can use your server to send spam messages to anybody in the world.
\nA CAPTCHA protects your form by obstructing a computer from automatically submitting information to your server.
\nFrankly, I think they're ugly and cumbersome, and I am not alone. They introduce a threshold for people: lowering conversion rates, click through rates, etc. In addition, they are often very unfriendly to people with sub optimal sight.
\nCritics also complain about Google being one of the most popular suppliers of free CAPTCHA tests. One may wonder why they offer such a service free of charge? It is an excellent way for them to get in the loop of many (commercial) customer journeys, feeding their algorithms with more data to profile people. It is something to consider if you value privacy and GPDR/cookie laws.
\nThat's why I set out to create an effective alternative for CAPTCHA's to be used on the web forms that I build for my customers. My approach is two-fold:
\nYou must understand that malicious actors think economically: they will only do as much of an effort if the potential gain is worth it. If you make it hard enough for them to abuse your web form, chances are they'll move on and call it a day. Before I explain what I did, I must warn you:
\nDisclaimer: You must consider the goal of your form protection, in my case it is (greatly) reducing the number of spam messages while preserving user-friendliness. This allows me to think of a system that does not necessarily provide \"bomb proof\" protection, yet if you're trying to protect nuclear secrets then this approach might not fit you. Always consider your threat model!
\nTo protect web forms I introduce an extra step that I dubbed \"getting a post stamp\". The steps of the protected web form then become like this:
\nSince 2016 I have been running this approach and the post processing servers have handled literally millions of messages, with extremely few messages (<100) being spam. Upon closer inspection, most of the spam that get through is \"manual labour\": possibly indicating malicious actors investigating the mechanism. As it appears to be too much of an effort to break the system, it is very effective in achieving my goal of protecting the web forms.
\nWhile CAPTCHA's are understandably very popular, it is not always necessary to have them on your web forms if you consider alternatives. It's my advice to make it harder for malicious actors and easier for your audience!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2022-07-30_captcha-alternative/", "title": "CAPTCHA Alternative", "summary": "Chances are that you've encountered a CAPTCHA in the wild: they protect web forms by asking you to type over weirdly rendered characters or by asking you to select photos containing a particular thing. Why are they used and is there a user friendly alternative?", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2022-07-30_captcha-alternative/CAPTCHA-Alternative-800px.png", "date_modified": "2022-07-29T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2022-07-17_offline-music/", "content_html": "Music has the universal power to move people. Different rhythms, emotions and vocals enable us to enjoy music very personally. Music is very close to my heart and I don't like anything to get in between. Therefore I don't rely on streaming music services, but manage my own offline music library.
\nBefore the rise of streaming music services like Spotify or Apple Music, people had other ways to listen to music. People bought records, CD-albums and some even pirated music using services like Napster or Kazaa. Listening to digital music took a rise when Apple released iPod, making it very easy to put your music in your pocket.
\nThe iPod had a monumental impact on how people listen to music. While early smartphones imitated iPod's behaviour, modern devices use their omnipresent connectivity to enable new ways to discover and listen to music.
\nStreaming music services are very popular because they offer a convenient way to listen to music: you don't need to manage anything. Just play. Skip songs you don't like and the algorithms adjust automatically to your preferences. Why would anyone not want this kind of magic, one would wonder?
\nWhile streaming music services are very convenient, there are good reasons to consider managing your own music library:
\nPeople know I love music and sometimes ask me how I find, collect, digitise and listen to music. Let me explain:
\nConsidering that I really love music, I really don't mind the little extra effort of managing my own offline music library. It offers me freedom and control, but above all: pure joy!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2022-07-17_offline-music/", "title": "Offline Music", "summary": "Music has the universal power to move people. Different rhythms, emotions and vocals enable us to enjoy music very personally. Music is very close to my heart and I don't like anything to get in between. Therefore I don't rely on streaming music services, but manage my own offline music library.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2022-07-17_offline-music/Offline-Music-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2022-07-16T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2022-04-18_snake-97-high-scores/", "content_html": "Last week I received a very kind invitation from a Belgian artist, to attend her art exhibition in Antwerp. The work on display involved the Snake '97 game that I have created. Uttering to find the right words and thrilled with excitement, I happily accepted the invitation!
\nChances are you have heard or seen the game I have created: Snake 97. The dot-matrix graphics and monotone sounds enable millions of fans to get a dosis of nostalgia in retro phone gaming. While I created the game by accident, its impact hasn't stopped amazing me.
\nAmong the fans of the game is Zena Van den Block (1995), a Belgian artist who inspires by creating visual art in unexpected ways. Often through play and chance, she searches for translations of patterns that she discovers around recurring habits using images from popular culture. By creating context or by purposefully reversing it, her work makes your rethink the visuals you (think you) know.
\nFor her work involving the Snake game, she meticulously collected her end game screens. She uses the final arrangement of the Snake, often in nearly impossible twists, as building blocks on her canvas.
\nIn addition to the dot-matrix lines on the canvas, the funky old school green glows in the dark. It took her months to find the right mix and to perfect her application technique. The \"High Score\" art pieces are finished with a plastic-like surface, perfectly completing the retro vibe of yesteryear's mobile phone displays.
\nNamed after the original exhibition room in the founder's apartment, SECONDroom organises exhibitions with a short-lived vernissage, giving expositions an intimite character. This setting allows you to connect with the artist and other spectators.
\nAs the creator of Snake 97 I have seen the graphics of the game a bazillion times. Yet, experiencing the graphics as genuine art feels totally different. Humbled and uttering to find the right words I examined these works of art.
\nI can only think of one word to describe seeing Snake exhibited as art: WOW! People often ask me what the Snake game has earned me... Well, I find it hard to think of something more valuable than the privilege of meeting amazing people like Zena. Nokia's well-known slogan \"Connecting People\" seems ever more applicable to Snake. I am incredibly grateful!
\nHow often do you look in the mirror? Probably more than a few times a week! I have been thinking about this ever since I received my newest WHOOP 4.0 biometric sensor. It's great. But, why do I wear it? What value does it provide? Why should you wear it?
\nFirst things first, let me explain WHOOP in a nutshell. Founded by a bunch of passionate folks, WHOOP is making biometric sensors and software since 2012. The sensors collect health and fitness data, which is processed using advanced algorithms to provide each individual wearer with personalised insights.
\nComparing current measurements with personalised historic data, WHOOP can tell if you're ready for maximum performance or if something is off. Among other things, it captures the effects of eating, drinking, illness, medication, working out, menstrual cycles and sleeping.
\nThe newest generation sensor is called \"WHOOP 4.0\" and features many improvements over its predecessor that I discussed in an earlier post. It now tracks:
\nCompared to its predecessor there are some notable differences:
\nWith literally years of experience with wearable biometric sensors, I can be very short on WHOOP 4.0: it's great. Seriously, I often compare it to a good smartphone or a comfortable pair of sneakers: you no longer think about it as it fades into the background - enabling you to move on with your life:
\nYou can access your data when you want to, from your smartphone or on a big screen computer. It collects all data, all the time, there is no need to manually start and stop measurements like on Apple Watch. WHOOP's holistic approach to data collection enables it to capture all activities. I really love to see how my adventures as daddy compare to riding my bike. When my daughter was born, WHOOP captured the impact on daddy very clearly.
\nThere is no silly stuff like step counting, activity rings or unnecessary gamification with childish stickers or achievements. WHOOP is not the device that reminds you to breathe, to stand up or to reward you with a sticker for walking to the coffee machine.
\nThis brings me back to the main question, why wear WHOOP? As I love minimalism (/en/digital-minimalism-doing-more-with-less-technology/ism) I often challenge myself with this question. Wearing a sensor 24/7 on my body seems to be at odds with my desire to live an uncluttered life.
\nI think it is because in order to live an uncluttered life, you first and foremost have to live! I don't need a reminder that my health is precious and fragile. I have seen friends and family suffer or even pass away. Being fit and healthy maximises your oppertunity to spend meaningful time with friends and family. Like a special kind of mirror, WHOOP shows me myself - and it reminds me to take care for that man.
\nWork, stress, kids, and illness can wear you down - gradually, silently and invisible to the naked eye. By looking at my WHOOP data I have seen bad patterns emerge - often when I was too busy on some important project. Seeing the toll your body takes, makes it easier to make better choices (with \"better\" being a pun, referring to health!).
\nThere is only one you - and your time on this planet is limited. Are you wearing your body down? How often do you wonder what would happen if you make different choices? Let WHOOP be the mirror, through which you see yourself. Make the right choices, whatever those are, and see their effects on you. Backed with data, you have everything to become the best YOU!
\nWant to find out how you look in WHOOP's data-driven mirror? Then get your free WHOOP strap and your first month free through this link: https://join.whoop.com/willem
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2022-01-14_wearing-whoop-4-0/", "title": "Wearing WHOOP 4.0", "summary": "How often do you look in the mirror? Probably more than a few times a week! I have been thinking about this ever since I received my newest WHOOP 4.0 biometric sensor. It's great. But, why do I wear it? What value does it provide? Why should you wear it? ", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2022-01-14_wearing-whoop-4-0/Wearing-WHOOP-4-0-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2022-01-13T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2021-12-09_for-the-love-of-mini/", "content_html": "People regulary ask me why I have a small smartphone, a modern iPhone 13 Mini. Often I simply reply that I like it. The smaller size offers more than just an easier fit in your pocket. I have come to appreciate its intangible greatness, read along for the love of mini!
\nIn my line of work I see a lot of big phones, as IT-guy people expect me to have one, too. Yet, I carry an iPhone Mini and wouldn't trade it for anything else! The iPhone Mini is very much on par with its larger cousins when you look at things like the camera, processor speed, software and features.
\nOver the past decade smartphones have grown larger, offering more screen real-estate than their smaller predecessors. I understand why people are tempted by this \"bigger is better\" trend: More content, more pixels, \"more of everything\"!
\nThat \"more of everything\" includes costs: never ever have smartphones been as expensive as today's top of the bill flagship phones. The increase in price means an increase in significance - making even the wealthiest consumers consider insurance and financing plans.
\nIf you have been following my blog, you know that I have a thing for minimalism (/en/digital-minimalism-doing-more-with-less-technology/ism). You'd be mistaken to think that minimalism is just about having less or tinier things. Instead, I find it more useful to think about minimalism as reducing the influence all your stuff has on you - in terms of costs, space and clutter.
\nThe iPhone Mini costs about half as much and weighs almost 40% less, yet it still performs as fast as its \"Pro Max\" brethren. It shares the same powerful chip. Make no mistake, the Mini's innards are very much high-end! It helps that iOS maximises the use of the smaller screens because of it being extremely optimised: the result of many generations of smaller screens.
\nThe smaller size makes it easier to ignore the iPhone Mini, liberating you from distractions. I carry it in a compact leather sleeve which protects the display and acts as a barrier for me to use the phone. The package still comfortably fits in my pocket. The sleeve reminds me only to use the phone if I really intend to do so.
\nLarge phones don't fit in most pockets, as a result people often put the phone on the table - or hold them in their hands. This diminishes any barrier to use the device. It maximises exposure to the dopamine loops that are built in most social media apps, news feeds and messaging services. The larger the phone, the more immersive the experience. People use their phones out of habit, they no longer control it.
\nWhile there are many reasons to choose a particular smartphone, I think there are good reasons to choose a smaller one over an omnipresent mobile monstrosity. In the end it comes down to personal preference - just know about the unexpected greatness of a small smartphone!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2021-12-09_for-the-love-of-mini/", "title": "For the love of mini", "summary": "People regulary ask me why I have a small smartphone, a modern iPhone 13 Mini. Often I simply reply that I like it. The smaller size offers more than just an easier fit in your pocket. I have come to appreciate its intangible greatness, read along for the love of mini!", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2021-12-09_for-the-love-of-mini/For-the-love-of-mini-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2021-12-08T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2021-11-19_escaping-the-flat-tires/", "content_html": "You might wonder how puncture proof a \"puncture-proof\" bicycle tire really is. I set out to find the answer when I installed Schwalbe Durano Plus tires on my bike. It was inevitable for me to find the answer to the question: How many kilometers can you ride without flats using puncture-proof tires?
\nIt took them so long to fail that I didn't even carry a spare tire anymore! The Schwalbe Durano Plus tires are really puncture resistant - but only up to so many kilometers. During one of my commutes the rear tire suddenly lost pressure - a sensation no cyclist really wants. Alas, the answer!
\nBefore switching to puncture resistant tires, I frequently had flats during my rides. On average one per 1500KM, depending on conditions. Statistically I need more testing to make any bold statements, but I like where this is going: less flats, more cycling!!
\nNearly all folks I know use iOS or Android from a mainstream smartphone brand, yet alternatives still exist! The German Volla Phone prides itself to be a worthy option for those who value privacy and freedom. I bought one to experience it firsthand, read along for my thoughts!
\nThe Volla Phone can be described as a midrange Android smartphone. The specs won't blow you away, but it carries enough to get things done. Volla comes in two flavours, the original \"Volla Phone\" and the rugged, waterproof \"Volla Phone X\". They are relatively large, offering plenty of screen real estate for your apps.
\nHandling the phone feels very much like any other modern smartphone, I consider that a good thing. The phone feels very solid, punching far above its price tag of € 359. This price includes a charger, USB-C cable, and a transparent case.
\nUnlike the common hardware, the software sets Volla apart from most other smartphones. Its Android flavour is called \"VollaOS\" that has a strong emphasis on privacy and freedom. The operating system comes without any preloaded Google apps, leaving you in control about what you install on the phone. I very much value this and applaud Volla for providing us with this alternative to mainstream Android.
\nWith Volla's \"Springboard\" and \"Type anything\" start screen the phone tries to offer you a different experience. I can appreciate the concept, but it lacks the (localised) refinement and polish of its mainstream competitors. One might wonder if a small company like Volla should take on great ambitions such as redesigning the home screen experience - then again, why not?
\nInstead of crying about it, the freedom that Volla offers enables you to take matters in your own hands to refine the experience. You can change pretty much anything on the phone. Most mainstream smartphones won't allow you to do this.
\nThere are many great alternatives available for the Android start screen. I love minimalism and therefore I found the unlauncher a fantastic alternative to the stock Volla experience. The freedom that Volla offers makes it hard to return to a mainstream smartphone.
\nYou are free to choose how to install apps on the Volla phone. You can use alternative \"App Stores\" like the F-Droid app catalog or Aurora Store. You're free to sideload apps, too. With all this freedom comes the responsibility to make sure that what you install is safe and genuine, do not underestimate the dangers a malafide app poses to something as personal as your smartphone.
\nMany modern Android apps depend on the proprietary Google Play Services that some describe as an evil piece of integrated spyware. Things like push notifications, and in-app purchases often require Google Play Services. Most apps refuse to work without it installed, severely limiting the potential of your \"Google Free\" smartphone.
\nThe \"microG\" project aims to fill in the gaps with their re-implementation of Google's proprietary apps and libraries. With microG installed on your Volla, most apps simply work again. While very practical, microG still depends on different Google cloud services to function. So, in the end you're still using Google on your \"Google Free\" smartphone...
\nOne can do nothing but respect and applaud the effort behind Volla's attempt to provide an alternative to mainstream Android and iOS. Where it lacks in refinement, it makes up in freedom and privacy. I love it for this and hope that enough of you do so, too - enabling Volla to continue its development!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2021-10-25_using-google-free-android/", "title": "Using Google Free Android", "summary": "Nearly all folks I know use iOS or Android from a mainstream smartphone brand, yet alternatives still exist! The German Volla Phone prides itself to be a worthy option for those who value privacy and freedom. I bought one to experience it firsthand, read along for my thoughts!", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2021-10-25_using-google-free-android/Using-Google-Free-Android-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2021-10-24T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2021-09-30_inspiration-from-a-child/", "content_html": "Together with my kids I love to explore the world that we think we know as adults. A kid's perspective inspires and surprises! No need to travel half the world for an adventure: Fly planes, catch bad guys, solve problems, build and break stuff - (re)discover the adventure right at your doorstep!
\nOne of most influential professors at the University during my Master education always challenged the students in the room: \"BUT-, IS IT FUN?!\" With all his wisdom he saw the need to remind young and bright minds on fun. When was the last time you had real fun? No, not just \"nice\" or \"fancy\", but real unbridled \"FUN\"? It strikes me that daily routines following your work and responsibilities have a tendency to induce dullness - taking the fun away. Fortunately, parenthood offers you a real escape - grab the opportunity for fun and adventure!
\nVisit a nearby city, zoo or park and consider the journey an integral part of the experience. Your commute will never be the same after seeing the disarming effect a young kid has on people. Talk with strangers, ask honest questions, look at all the wonders of the metropolitan's madness. Learn to ignore the inclination to be quiet: one question can unlock wildly interesting interactions with everyday people!
\nWipe away any emphasis on achievement and accumulation by destroying a freshly built block structure, you'll learn how liberating and how much fun this can be. Play with Lego and confront yourself with the implicit assumptions of our society: who we consider as crook might just be a nice guy eating an ice cream.
\nWhen was the last time you solved a puzzle? Do you present others with a ready solution or can you learn someone how to solve things themselves? We often choose the quickest way and simply present the finished puzzle - yet solving things together creates a shared feeling of victory!
\nModern user interfaces in software are much like puzzles, especially when you haven't learned how to read. It seems hard to overstate the usefulness of having a kid look at your app or game. Great apps offer clues with animation, colour and sound to guide the player. Interacting with software using nothing but your fingers appears to be so natural when you see a young kid do it. Who needs a mouse or keyboard anyway?
\nLet's get physical! Explore the real world together by climbing, running and sliding! You'll be forgiven to forgo your usual round through the fitness club after playing outside with your kids for a while. Even your normal neighbourhood offers plenty to be discovered!
\nDon't skip the local pool or indoor playground! Tunnels, platforms, ramps and slopes will challenge you in many ways! You'll feel sympathy for Mario after going through tight tunnels yourself. Learn to build the trust required to scale the highest slopes and slide down together.
\n\n
Given the limited time we have, one must carefully consider how to spend it. You don't need to get philosophical to reap the rewards of spending time with your kids. They are a great source of inspiration. Learn about yourself when you learn about the world together. Above all, they are a wonderful way to experience FUN! Where are you waiting for?
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2021-09-30_inspiration-from-a-child/", "title": "Inspiration from a child", "summary": "Together with my kids I love to explore the world that we think we know as adults. A kid's perspective inspires and surprises! No need to travel half the world for an adventure: Fly planes, catch bad guys, solve problems, build and break stuff - (re)discover the adventure right at your doorstep!", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2021-09-30_inspiration-from-a-child/Inspiration-from-a-child-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2021-09-29T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2021-08-31_protecting-vmware-esxi/", "content_html": "In response to an incident on a server, I detected a possible security breach. The affected machine ran VMware ESXi, a bare metal hypervisor used to run virtual private servers. In standalone mode, a web based management console offers full control over the infrastructure, posing a risk.
\nBig and powerful server hardware offers a ton of computing capacity, often much more than one single application needs. Through virtualisation cloud operators can optimise hardware usage by dynamically loading multiple virtual machines onto a single physical machine.
\nPhysical machines running VMware ESXi are managed as centralised VSphere network or as standalone machine. Administrators create, manage and configure virtual machines through a powerful web interface. Without a centralised VSphere network, administrators need this web interface - but exposing it on the public internet attracts unwanted attention from hackers.
\nMalicious actors actively search for exposed management consoles, hoping to find one with a weak password or with known security weaknesses. Unleash the curious explorer in yourself and simply utilise Google to find a whole bunch of exposed machines with a special query. See my blog post about special queries on Google if you need to brush up your searching skills.
\nLeave the management console exposed and anybody can try to login. Hackers and their automated bots will certainly do so! Remote access for ESXi local user accounts will be temporarily locked after multiple failed login attempts - for everybody! This can be frustrating whenever you as legitimate administrator need access to the console.
\nFollowing my own easy cyber security tips the security of VMware ESXi can be improved by hiding the managent console altogether. You may be tempted to use a simple \"cover it all\" firewall for this, but do consider the need for the administrative console: it provides vital access to running virtual machines. You really want your administrators to be able to access the interface 24/7 from anywhere in case of emergency.
\nSo instead of completely shutting down or hiding the management interface, I looked for a way to selectively allow access while maintaining a stealthy online profile. Because I want legit administrators to access the interface from anywhere in the world, I could not use a simple IP-address filter. Using a Debian GNU/Linux machine with nginx as a proxy server, I am able to pre-authenticate traffic to the management console.
\nIn this setup the Debian machine runs on a separate network, on different hardware, with a fixed IP-address. The VMware server only accepts traffic from this proxy server using its firewall. The proxy server filters traffic using HTTP-authentication over SSL/TLS. Anybody can connect to the proxy server, but only those with valid credentials can reach the VMWare administrative console. The proxy server appears to be a very tiny, standard webserver for anybody that scans it: providing a stealthy online signature.
\nAdd another proxy server from another network on different hardware in the mix to prevent a single point of failure. Nginx can forward authenticated traffic to different administrative consoles based on different hostnames, enabling you to re-purpose a single proxy to secure multiple VMware machines. The proxy servers can be configured to use HTTP Basic authentication using standard and simple tools, check out the nginx documentation for tips on this.
\nBy using nginx as a proxy to the administrative console you can add a layer of authentication and create a stealthy signature for anybody scanning your network. This improves the security of your VMware machines by making them harder to find and to access. Legit administrators can still access the administrative console using any computer without the need for a VPN or pre-authenticated IP-address. Bad actors, hackers and bots will have a hard time finding you. You're hiding in plain sight!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2021-08-31_protecting-vmware-esxi/", "title": "Protecting VMware ESXi", "summary": "In response to an incident on a server, I detected a possible security breach. The affected machine ran VMware ESXi, a bare metal hypervisor used to run virtual private servers. In standalone mode, a web based management console offers full control over the infrastructure, posing a risk.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2021-08-31_protecting-vmware-esxi/Protecting-VMware-ESXi-800px.png", "date_modified": "2021-08-30T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2021-07-13_the-birth-of-a-child/", "content_html": "Today I witnessed the birth of my daughter! You feel humble as a man, witnessing the labour and magic. Not sure if I can come up with something having more impact on a man than this. For the purposes of science and curiosity I wore a biometric sensor, and this is what it recorded.
\nFor my personal curiosity, learning about my body, I wear a WHOOP sensor. It continuously records:
\nThe beautiful thing about WHOOP is that it allows you to compare one day's data to your normal values, collected and analysed over a longer period of time. This enables WHOOP to very clearly identify deviations from the normal. And, boy, becoming a daddy certainly qualifies: the impact is clearly visible in the data!
\nYou don't recover from birth overnight - that takes at least 18 years, I've been told... - and the biometrics shows. The data from the days following the birth clearly shows that my body needs time to adjust to the new reality.
\nA week after my daughter was born things went south for me, I simply ran out of energy and fell ill. On Tuesday, July 20th you can see this in the respiratory rate data. Whenever your body is fighting illness or infection, respiratory rates tend to go up.
\nRespiratory rates captured by WHOOP are known to be very stable over time. This makes them a clear indicator whenever things are out of the ordinary. You can clearly see it having a peak in the graph. At that time, I had a fever and had to take precautions because of a possible COVID infection (which turned out not to be the case).
\nLuckily I recovered quickly and was able to get back to my family in good health. I can ensure you that being a parent of two kids requires all the energy you can find!
\nIts not every day that you become a dad, and boy its impact is tremendous. While the woman's work is rightfully respected and heralded as incredible, the birth of a child has physical impact on a man, too. Take care of yourself to be able to put in your best self as parenthood is all about team play!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2021-07-13_the-birth-of-a-child/", "title": "The birth of a child", "summary": "Today I witnessed the birth of my daughter! You feel humble as a man, witnessing the labour and magic. Not sure if I can come up with something having more impact on a man than this. For the purposes of science and curiosity I wore a biometric sensor, and this is what it recorded.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2021-07-13_the-birth-of-a-child/The-birth-of-a-child-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2021-07-12T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2021-06-30_migrating-to-the-cloud/", "content_html": "For a Dutch organisation that serves customers throughout Europe, I was asked to help dismantle a live server room. Instead of simply pulling the plugs, some of the services had to be migrated to the cloud. For fun and inspiration I share three different strategies to do so.
\nLike many companies this Dutch firm had a dedicated server room in their office building. Over the years hardware accumulated inside this room. Whenever I am asked to assist with jobs like this, it always strikes me as a surprise how these things seem to (almost) organically grow. Lots of wires, intertwined much like the roots of trees in a forest.
\nLike finding your way through a jungle you must first get a grasp on what you're looking at. Determine what machines are actually in use, what are the tasks of these machines and who uses them? Only a thorough understanding can provide the necessary basis for any thoughtful migration.
\nOnce you have a clear understanding of the current setup you can define the next steps. For this particular organisation the desire was to completely clear the on-premise server room. Per machine there where basically three options:
\nFor this customer we were able to simply turn most machines off. The remaining machines where carefully analysed and whenever possible a cloud migration was performed. Think about things like moving the email from the Exchange server to Microsoft 365. Tackle each service one by one and you'll be surprised how many cloud offerings there are. For most things you can find a suitable cloud solution.
\nAfter migrating the low hanging fruit into the cloud, you'll end up with the more challenging machines and services. One machine involved a big database with millions of records running a specific version of Red Hat Enterprise Linux and Oracle. Virtualising this \"bad ass\" server would be very expensive, its demands on memory, storage and processing are very serious. That's why we decided to move it to a professional data centre where it can continue to run as is.
\nYou might think of this as \"cheating your way to the cloud\" but make no mistake: a professional datacenter is much better than most on-premise server rooms as it provides security, redundant connectivity and stable climate control. Just be very sure to make a backup before loading the machine in any car: as crashing the car could have devastating effects on its cargo!!
\nTwo other specific machines where to be virtualised into the cloud. They where running on Microsoft Hyper-V, hosted on one of the on-premise servers that ran other Windows domain services, too. The trick was to decouple the machines from the (legacy) Windows domain to be able to run them independently. A single virtual machine is much easier to host at a commercial infrastructure provider.
\nYou need some bandwidth, time and preparation - but this is a relatively safe operation to execute. During conversion data is only copied - leaving you with two virtual machines afterwards. Once the VPS is migrated you should test the new copy thoroughly before wiping the old ones.
\nWhen everything comes together you can happily enjoy lunch in the sunshine, being able to connect to the migrated machines through the magic of the cloud.
\nAt first a data room jungle might scare you and the task to migrate it to the cloud insurmountable. Take tiny steps to create smaller chunks to be migrated, then determine what to do with each service separately. That way everybody can find its way to the cloud!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2021-06-30_migrating-to-the-cloud/", "title": "Migrating to the Cloud", "summary": "For a Dutch organisation that serves customers throughout Europe, I was asked to help dismantle a live server room. Instead of simply pulling the plugs, some of the services had to be migrated to the cloud. For fun and inspiration I share three different strategies to do so.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2021-06-30_migrating-to-the-cloud/Migrating-to-the-Cloud-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2021-06-29T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2021-06-05_wearing-grand-seiko/", "content_html": "Sadness could be seen in my eyes when my custom made watch got damaged earlier this month, while awaiting repairs I was fortunate to wear a Grand Seiko. Its unique mix of craftsmanship, innovation and practicality is worth sharing with you.
\nAs a friend of my blog, you might know that I have a thing for watches. These miniature machines keep on fascinating me. When my custom made watch needed unplanned service..., I took the opportunity to find something else worthy of wearing on my wrist.
\nThe local Seiko boutique in Amsterdam offers you access to the fine Japanese craftsmanship of Grand Seiko. Amidst mediocre mainstream shops, you’ll be forgiven if you miss it. The boutique’s shelves provide you with a glance into - what almost seems - an alternative reality with meticulous attention to detail. Photos hardly do the fine artwork justice, the watches must be seen in the metal to appreciate their quality.
\nInside the watch hides a Seiko innovation called the “Spring Drive”. Unlike conventional mechanical watches, an electro magnet frictionlessly regulates the speed of time. Instead of “ticking” it makes the hands sweep smoothly. It operates in silence with incredible precision. Unlike cheap watches powered by disposable batteries, the Spring Drive generates its own power. A swinging rotor captures the kinetic energy from your wrist, winding a spring like a traditional mechanical watch.
\nWhile you might not care about the nerdy details of your watch’s movement, the Spring Drive quintessentially conveys time in its true nature. Watching the passing of time as a continuous flow acts a reminder how little influence one has on its pace.
\nThe watch has no trouble facing the daily challenges of my life as a father, a programmer and as the man around the house doing some mandatory gardening... Water does not scare the stainless steel case of the watch, neither does dust or yellow creatures from the kid’s corner. This wrist worn companion happily joins you on your adventures.
\nIf you’re looking for an everyday watch that performs superbly with an uncommon attention to detail, then look no further! Wearing my Grand Seiko reminded me of the joy a personal wrist watch can deliver if you forgo the status symbolism associated with the popular Swiss brands. This is a watch you wear for you - very much worthy of the “Grand” moniker!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2021-06-05_wearing-grand-seiko/", "title": "Wearing Grand Seiko", "summary": "Sadness could be seen in my eyes when my custom made watch got damaged earlier this month, while awaiting repairs I was fortunate to wear a Grand Seiko. Its unique mix of craftsmanship, innovation and practicality is worth sharing with you.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2021-06-05_wearing-grand-seiko/Wearing-Grand-Seiko-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2021-06-04T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2021-05-31_using-the-remarkable-paper-tablet/", "content_html": "This month I received my reMarkable paper tablet and ever since I have been using it extensively: reading, writing and thinking. The paper-like display makes you forget about its digital innards. Read along for my thoughts.
\nYou're greeted with the slogan \"Better paper, Better thinking\" when you open reMarkable's box. How can one possibly improve paper?
\nHard to capture in a photo, but the faithful recreation of paper on the reMarkable's display feels very real to your eyes and fingers . The thin and lightweight body perfectly matches the unique display for its goal: creating \"better paper\".
\nAt first I thought of reMarkable as a fancy reading (and writing) tablet. But after a short while something odd happened. No longer I thought of the \"thing\" as an electronic computer tablet. The technology faded into the background. The \"thing\" became just my book or just my writing.
\nOn many occasions this \"device-less\" characteristic removed any awkwardness that one could imagine when you combining it with other devices. The minimalist in me did not have any problem combining reMarkable with my other favourite tablet: iPad.
\nSketching ideas helps me iterate my thoughts. Outlining an idea, thinking about it, and filling in missing details. The reMarkable delivers its promise of \"better paper\" by being able to digitally copy, archive and share your work.
\nIf you're looking for \"better paper\", then reMarkable provides you with a strong option. The tablet does (almost) everything right to get out of your way. Its focus on one task sets it apart from pretty much all other tablets that attempt to do everything. This singular emphasis might not please everybody, but for those that do value this focus it can be quite remarkable (pun intended!).
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2021-05-31_using-the-remarkable-paper-tablet/", "title": "Using the reMarkable paper tablet ", "summary": "This month I received my reMarkable paper tablet and ever since I have been using it extensively: reading, writing and thinking. The paper-like display makes you forget about its digital innards. Read along for my thoughts. ", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2021-05-31_using-the-remarkable-paper-tablet/Using-the-reMarkable-paper-tablet-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2021-05-30T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2021-05-04_hospitalised-with-mcadd/", "content_html": "This week we experienced the first time that our son was hospitalised since he was diagnosed with MCADD, a metabolic condition that limits his body's ability to utilise fats for energy. Do you or your kid have MCADD? Then, read along and don't worry, as everything will be allright!
\nLike a marvellous machine, your body can utilise many different resources to power itself. You can practically eat anything and through the magic of the metabolic system, your food is converted into energy.
\nWhen you run out of food, your metabolic system eventually turns to burning body fats. The so-called MCAD-enzyme prepares the fatty acids for energy conversion. Patients diagnosed with MCAD-deficiency, or MCADD, have trouble producing (enough) MCAD-enzymes to make this work.
\nWithout enough MCAD-enzymes, the body runs into metabolic crisis after it depletes its supply of glucose and glycogen. Unprocessed fatty acids can become toxic if your body is unable to get rid of them. Running out of energy and toxic blood levels will ultimately kill you.
\nUnder normal circumstances MCADD is relatively easy to manage, just make sure you eat or drink (something) regularly. It doesn't have to be much, as long as it keeps your body from running out of energy. MCADD becomes a problem when the food intake is disrupted, like in case of a regular illness causing you to vomit. An empty stomach in combination with fever is especially dangerous as your body will then require even more energy.
\nOut of the blue our son started vomiting! Apparently, he did not feel well and threw everything out. This caused our immediate concern as our son is diagnosed with MCADD. We are well aware of the procedures and tried to offer him some food and sugary drinks after we cleaned the mess.
\nUnfortunately the fruit pouches didn't work as they almost directly came out again! Following the standard procedures, I contacted our doctor at the hospital. Because of the MCADD diagnosis, the hospital knows our son and his condition. This saves me the explanation in case of emergency. When I called our doctor we agreed to try to administer a special fluid aimed to deliver sugar while limiting the chance of vomiting.
\nLiving near the hospital (±15 minute drive) is a great convenience, it allowed me to pick up the specially prepared fluid and get back in time. Relax, as patients with MCADD do not immediately go into metabolic crisis: depending on age and body mass it can take hours before the situation gets really dire. But, considering the risks, you don't want to stretch your luck by pushing the time limits either.
\nShortly after administering the fluid our son threw it out again! The magic potion didn't work and the risky situation remained. By this time our son started to appear a bit drowsy - reason for extra concern. I contacted the hospital again and we agreed to pack our bags and head for the emergency room!
\nThe hospital was already expecting us and shortly after our arrival we were directed to a chamber in the emergency room of the UMC Amsterdam. Following MCADD emergency procedures, our son was hooked onto an infusion system. A simple glucose fluid is then directly fed into the blood stream, bypassing the stomach and digestion system, preventing further vomiting.
\nAlmost instantly our son responded to the glucose feed, like with a fresh set of batteries our son started talking and making his usual jokes again! It worked and I felt relieved, knowing that a metabolic crisis was averted!
\nWith the infusion system working our son was perfectly safe, but it was suspected that it would take some more time before he would eat and drink normally again. A regular cold, or a simple flu can take a few days to overcome. During this time our son stayed in the Emma Kinderziekenhuis. It is a special department of the UMC Amsterdam with spacious rooms to accommodate a child plus parent. Nurses and other staff are extra friendly and attentive to their young patients.
\nAfter a few days of incrementally returning to normal food and drinks, the infusion system was disconnected. Our son felt fine again and learned a lot about how things are done in an academic hospital. Before we left, we thanked everybody for what almost felt like a little family holiday! :-)
\nThere is a first time for everything, they say. This was our first emergency MCADD hospitalisation for our son. There was no anxiety, panic or stress: thanks to the amazing professionalism of the hospital staff everything felt very natural and smooth.
\nI would almost recommend it to anyone, ha! No, seriously: the fantastic care we received deserves a 5-star review. I can't emphasise enough how grateful I am. THANK YOU, Emma Kinderziekenhuis!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2021-05-04_hospitalised-with-mcadd/", "title": "Hospitalised with MCADD", "summary": "This week we experienced the first time that our son was hospitalised since he was diagnosed with MCADD, a metabolic condition that limits his body's ability to utilise fats for energy. Do you or your kid have MCADD? Then, read along and don't worry, as everything will be allright!", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2021-05-04_hospitalised-with-mcadd/Hospitalised-with-MCADD-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2021-05-03T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2021-04-15_enter-text-without-keys/", "content_html": "This month a special piece of wearable tech arrived for me to try: the Tap Strap. Worn on your fingers, the Tap Strap recognises tapping and moving. It enables you to control and type your computer without a mouse or keyboard!
\nThe Tap Strap connects to any computer, tablet or phone by Bluetooth like any keyboard or mouse. There is no need for special drivers or software - other than learning how to use the Tap Strap. You wear the strap by putting your fingers through rings that have sensors on them. These sensors work in concert to recognise taps and movement. It weighs very little and your skin can easily breathe through the elastic fabric.
\nI had no trouble getting the Tap Strap to work with my iPad Pro. Using special Tap Strap apps you can learn to use Tap Strap or play games with it. The device itself provides no feedback or instruction how to use it, therefore I experienced a rather steep learning curve requiring me to memorise different ‘rhythms’ and ‘chords’.
\nJust like learning to play the piano or guitar you can become proficient. I have read stories of people that gained speedy typing performance using Tap, able to type 20-30 words per minute. Tap Strap puts the potential on your fingers, quite literally.
\nAs a touch typist, I would not replace my keyboard with anything else: it would render years of experience and training useless. Rather, I think of Tap Strap’s potential in being something else than a keyboard or mouse. Using it in augmented and virtual reality seems a natural fit, as it can digitise your fingers’ moves, as subtle as a gentle tap.
\nConventional keyboards have been around for decades, modern miniaturisation of technology enables them to be augmented or even replaced by wearable technology.
\nTap Strap illustrates this shift in technology in an elegant and beautiful way. Wearing this kind of technology enables you to type and control far beyond the natural habitat of keyboards and mice. That’s the key thing to take away from this post, pun intended.
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2021-04-15_enter-text-without-keys/", "title": "Enter text without keys", "summary": "This month a special piece of wearable tech arrived for me to try: the Tap Strap. Worn on your fingers, the Tap Strap recognises tapping and moving. It enables you to control and type your computer without a mouse or keyboard!", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2021-04-15_enter-text-without-keys/Enter-text-without-keys-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2021-04-14T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2021-04-10_fixed-gear-gran-fondo/", "content_html": "Today I took my fixed gear bike for a ride, 176KM from Amsterdam to America (Limburg, The Netherlands). Rain and wind added to the challenge, creating an ultimate test for man and machine. Let some of my fun be of inspiration to you!
\nThe Italians call a big cycle ride (>120KM) a “gran fondo”. You better prepare yourself as these long distance rides can be very demanding. Can you ride for hours and hours, alone? Through unknown terrain withstanding ever changing weather?
\nIf you have been following my blog, you know that I like the occasional long distance ride:
\n\nThis time, however, I decided to do it more hardcore... on a fixed gear road bike! That means that whatever weather, wind, or pain you are suffering, there is only one gear. Strong wind? Pedal harder! Going downhill? Pedal faster! Pain? Grunt!! GRRRRRR!
\nTo prepare myself for my ride from Amsterdam to America, I gradually cycled longer rides. You feel your stamina improve each ride, building confidence in the success of this maddening endeavour. Believe you can do it, and sure you will!
\nMy wife and son took the family car to America to visit our family, leaving me to follow them by bike! Unlike my ride around the Markermeer where I brought plenty of food, I decided to trust my ability to source supplies along the route.
\nChallenge yourself and push the limits! Get to know you, physically and mentally. I love gran fondos for this uncensored view in one’s inner self.
\nFinish and feel victorious, a lasting feeling that fuels future ambition! Ready for the next challenge, whatever it may be!
\nYou learn from working with experts and this month I had the privilege to work with a professional food photographer, my brother. Together we set out to photograph the entire menu of Café Carbòn in Amsterdam, enjoying the fabulous food afterwards. Read along for some food photography takeaways!
\nThanking its name to the enormous charcoal grill, Café Carbòn is well-known in Amsterdam for its steaks and ribs. Their three restaurants are local favourites, a welcome escape from the many mediocre tourist restaurants.
\nTakeaway and delivery webshops benefit from great food photos. In the food ordering app that I have created, I see an average increase in sales of 300% for products with photos! Making great food photos is an art by itself.
\nMeet the expert: Kevin Middelkoop is no stranger to this blog. He had a hand (pun intended) in the success of Snake '97 by creating faithful images of retro phones. It's hard to overstate the importance of visuals in digital business!
\nIn a similar way to what paint is for a painter, light is fundamental to photography. What happens around the photo is just as important as the actual subject. Reflections and shadows can make or break a good (food) photo. You use light as a core tool for your creativity.
\nArrange food and dinnerware intentionally, nothing is random in a great composition. You can choose to cover many different dishes or to focus on one hero product. You use composition to add and subtract, changing what you communicate through your visuals.
\nThere is more to food photography than meets the eye. Using light and composition the photographer acts like an artist. Have a look at his website for his explanation of the chosen composition and light. Or simply check out the result yourself as the Café Carbòn store is now open!
\nWhen you write for your blog or for your company's website, there are things you can consider to maximise the discoverability, longevity and impact of your writing. Leverage the energy you put in into your words. Today I share with you three of my lessons learned while writing for this website.
\nSimply put, a content strategy is how you create, publish and manage content; written or in other media. Write for your website, blog, favourite soccer club or company. You do this to spread your message, reaching as many people as possible, connecting you with new people, fans or potential customers.
\nConsider people looking for your content, how will they find you? People search using Google or DuckDuckGo. They enter their search phrase, for instance \"how to cook potatoes\". You should try to specifically match their search phrase by writing a specific, actionable answer to their search. The more specific the topic, the less competition you have. For example, instead of simply \"potatoes\", which includes the farming, distribution, growing, you focus on \"how to cook potatoes\". You better write three shorter (specific) articles than one generic overarching longread.
\nUse your imagination to travel through time! How can you make your writing interesting for your future self? The internet never forgets, something you must remember when writing for the web. Let your words work longer by making them timeless. Forgo the fad of the day and focus on the underlying principle instead. Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day, teach a man how to fish and you feed him for a lifetime. Write to help people for a lifetime!
\nYou are the voice inside people's head when they read your content! Speak to them instead of creating noise about yourself or your company. Directly address your reader to maximise the impact of your message. Provide an actionable message directed at your reader. Instead of \"we can help to do X Y or Z\", you should use: \"you can do X Y or Z by contacting us\". You increase the chance for action with a clear and direct message.
\nDirect your energy to the right words without being distracted, these tools can help you:
\nYou may find some inspiration in the following examples. While I am still honing my writing skills, I do an humble attempt to practice what I preach:
\nWritten words are powerful, especially if you arrange them well to deliver your message. Pay attention to discoverability, timelessness and impact.
\nBut most of all, write! Now! Don't wait for a magical moment or a long desired spark of inspiration. You have everything you need to start writing: you, your words and your thoughts!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2021-03-25_three-tips-to-make-a-content-strategy-work/", "title": "Three tips to make a content strategy work", "summary": "When you write for your blog or for your company's website, there are things you can consider to maximise the discoverability, longevity and impact of your writing. Leverage the energy you put in into your words. Today I share with you three of my lessons learned while writing for this website. ", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2021-03-25_three-tips-to-make-a-content-strategy-work/Three-tips-to-make-a-content-strategy-work-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2021-03-24T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2021-02-28_wearing-two-watches/", "content_html": "For the past weeks I have been wearing two watches, and boy this is a thing! I love my mechanical watch, but I needed the modern connectivity of a smartwatch. I couldn't choose between them, so I decided to wear both. It's not as bad as you think, let me share some thoughts on my experience.
\nIf you have been following the blog, you know I like watches. They always fascinated me and this goes beyond any rational reason. This admiration is emotional, intangible and personal. I am not alone - mechanical watches are popular, despite the rise of modern wearables like smartwatches.
\nIn part because of my professional background in technology, I am into gadgets. I love how technology has evolved over the years and how computers have gotten smaller and smaller. It is amazing what you can do with mobile devices like tablets, smartphones and smartwatches. I wondered if the smartwatch is the modern toolwatch.
\nAfter toggling between either a mechanical watch and a smartwatch I came to the conclusion that choosing between them is very difficult for me. I realise that if this is the kind of problem you have, one could argue that you're experiencing \"first world problems\". But, I genuinely believe there is something more fundamental, more human, fuelling my indecision.
\nOver the past few weeks during which I alternated between different \"wrist configurations\", I very much realised that I was trying to choose between a painting and a television. Both can occupy the same physical space (on a wall or wrist), but they are very different things altogether. It has everything to do with how we perceive them, how we attach meaning to them, what we consider valuable.
\nThe modern smartwatch offers connectivity that can save you, even literally! It enables control and tracking of everything you do, which in combination with some proper planning and tuning can save you a lot of time. A mechanical watch on the other hand can be something that can move beyond generations, picking up patina and character over time. Most of its value is not derived from its technical capabilities. This is probably why people collect watches in similar ways as how people collect art. One could imagine a mechanical watch to be a wearable piece of art.
\nPeople differ, but I am not a guy that likes to wears a ton of ornaments, jewels and frills. I prefer minimalism (/en/digital-minimalism-doing-more-with-less-technology/ism/) in my daily life, but I do appreciate the wonders of how humans express themselves. I love live music, I sometimes create something useless, I love to lose myself in a game or to feel the adrenaline by needlessly burning rubber on a circuit.
\nIf you can't choose between a mechanical watch or a smartwatch, then don't: try both! It isn't all that weird if you take a minute (pun intended) to consider why you have this \"problem\" in the first place.
\nWe're creatures that attach emotional value to otherwise worthless things. Or did you think worshipping a 379x453cm piece of canvas with some old oil on it made sense? Of course not! But, that's fine because being irrational is part of being human. Now wear your two watches and enjoy being crazy!
\nIt's easy to dismiss your phone's notifications as something that disturbs you, something annoying. But if you take the time to set them up correctly, notifications can actually save you time in the long run. Gain more focus by taking control over your online connection to the world. Read along for some tips!
\nStart with taking a good look in the mirror, how do you use your phone? Did you know that a lot of people underestimate the amount of time they use their smartphone?
\nIf you're looking at your screentime you should pay attention to three different things:
\nLook at my usage pattern, you see that I spend most of my time in an app called \"Blink\", this is where I code and develop new products. If you look at my pickups, you'll see that I am a heavy \"Mail\" user. This is because email is my primary communication channel with my customers, followed by Messages, WhatsApp and Signal.
\nThe real value of notifications is that you can use them to reduce the number of times you pickup your device. In the long run this can save you a lot of time!
\nA lot has been written about people getting addicted to their phone. This has something to do with what is called a \"dopamine loop\". If you disable all notifications, you must manually engage (and \"search\" your phone) to see if there is anything new available. This is known to be an addictive pattern, because our brain is looking for a reward: perhaps this time you'll find something new and amazing on your phone! (et voila, you're sucked in again)
\nThis brings me back to notifications, you can use them to break this dopamine loop. If you configure them correctly, the notifications will only inform you if there is really something you need to check out. You can then safely ignore your phone if there is no notification, the need to manually \"check it\" will cease to exist.
\nInstead of checking your mail manually 10 times per day, you should have the notifications setup to inform you when something important comes in. This may only be once or twice a day, saving you the time it would take to manually check 8 or 9 times!
\nThe key thing to make this work, is to have a very refined and strict notification policy. It will take time for you to find the right balance, don't be afraid to \"steer along\". It took me weeks to reach my balanced configuration and I continue to occasionally make changes. For instance when emphasis on different projects or customers change.
\nStart by turning off most of the non-critical notifications, optimising the \"noise to signal\" ratio. I killed all notifications for apps like \"iOS tips\", social media trending topics, any advertisements, games, etc. As a rule of thumb, only real people may interrupt me - I do not wish to be disturbed by any algorithm!
\nThe only exception to this rule is my realtime server monitoring system, which alerts me if my servers go down. This algorithmic push notification will save me many \"people driven notifications\" like calls and messages. Knowing about problems before my customers do saves me time, too.
\nThen you can choose to further refine your policy by differentiating your notifications settings per sender or caller. You can define groups or add people to the VIP-list. I use this to filter out 90% of my mail's notifications. Who is on the VIP-list is something you should decide for yourself. My VIP-list changes as I start and finish projects over time.
\nFew other tips you can consider:
\nIf you're dealing with customers from abroad, from different timezones, you must take pay special attention to your night's rest. It's OK to be offline! I have configured an automated schedule to activate the \"Do not disturb\" function on my phone.
\nThis allows me to filter out 99% of the notifications during the night, while allowing emergency calls and notifications to come through. I prefer it over shutting my phone down entirely, as I do like to stay available for close family, friends and the UptimeRobot.
\nIt's easy to be overwhelmed by notifications in our modern connected world, but it is a mistake to bluntly \"kill them all\". Be wary of the dopamine loop that lures you into regularly picking up your phone to \"check it\", it's a waste of time!
\nInstead you should take the time to look at how you use your device. Come up with a refined policy to stay connected, but in a selective way that you control - it will save you time in the long run!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2021-02-22_the-value-of-notifications/", "title": "The value of notifications", "summary": "It's easy to dismiss your phone's notifications as something that disturbs you, something annoying. But if you take the time to set them up correctly, notifications can actually save you time in the long run. Gain more focus by taking control over your online connection to the world. Read along for some tips!", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2021-02-22_the-value-of-notifications/The-value-of-notifications-800px.png", "date_modified": "2021-02-21T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2021-02-02_realtime-service-uptime-monitoring/", "content_html": "Downtime happens and it is nothing to be ashamed of, just make sure that you set yourself up to discover problems as soon as possible! You can use realtime uptime monitoring to automatically keep an eye on your servers and services. Read along to find out how.
\nWhen everything works you might not think about downtime or service disruptions. But, it might actually be the right moment to do so! The best way to deal with downtime and disruptions is to be prepared for problems. Spending a little time implementing a good monitoring system can save you critical moments when the going gets tough! One way to prepare for downtime is to make sure you are among the first to find out if problems occur.
\nYou can use realtime uptime monitoring to shorten your response time to outages. This can help you save valuable time during downtime. The faster you know you have a problem, the faster you can actually solve it.
\nUptime monitoring can be done using different methods. The simplest form is simply to check if a server responds to a request ('is it there?'). If there is no answer then you know there is a problem.
\nA more refined way to monitor your services is to have multiple checks touching different parts of your infrastructure. For instance you can configure the uptime monitoring to perform a common function. This will catch 'deeper problems' that might not be detected if you were simply checking if a server is online. Then you're not only checking 'is it there?', but also 'is it functioning correctly?'
\nNormally I prefer to see if I can do things myself before I look for external services. But, when you're talking about uptime monitoring, it makes perfect sense to use an external service for this. Because if your product or platform fails, chances are that your internal monitoring service would fail, too. I have selected https://uptimerobot.com to monitor my platform because if has a great app and offers the types of monitoring that I need.
\nIn addition to simply check if a server is online, I want to know if the key algorithms and functions are working properly. Therefore I have implemented special URL's on my web services to run common (but harmless) functions that give a clear indication if key backend systems are working properly. Think of executing a simple database query; if the test succeeds you'll know both that the server is online and that the database is responding correctly.
\nOne thing to consider is that you design your monitoring endpoints to be as efficient as possible. It's OK to perform a query, but don't push the server too hard as the monitoring URL will be requested very often!
\nThe great thing about UptimeRobot is that it only asks for your attention if something is wrong. Under normal circumstances you can \"configure and forget\" about it, it will perform its work in the background. But, if you want to, you can open the app and see the status of all your monitors - including historic data.
\nOne of the great features of UptimeRobot is that it can be configured to send you a push notification when an unexpected outage occurs. The settings allow you to precisely tune when and where you want to be informed about outages. You can mute individual monitors or add additional persons and/or notification channels. One thing that is very useful, is that you can configure the app to work with Apple Watch.
\nIn addition to normal iOS notifications, the app supports the so called \"critical alerts\" which can override the phones \"do not disturb\" function. This gives you fine-grained control over what type of reach certain outages can have. I have configured it to wake me up in the middle of the night if something really bad happens.
\nUsing UptimeRobot I have detected some rare bugs and outages that would otherwise have gone unnoticed. Continuous monitoring gives me a little peace of mind, knowing that it allows me to catch more than I otherwise would.
\nAlthough you may not be able to prevent an outage, there is little excuse for not being informed about it! Know about problems before your customers do and you buy yourself some extra time to save the day!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2021-02-02_realtime-service-uptime-monitoring/", "title": "Realtime service uptime monitoring", "summary": "Downtime happens and it is nothing to be ashamed of, just make sure that you set yourself up to discover problems as soon as possible! You can use realtime uptime monitoring to automatically keep an eye on your servers and services. Read along to find out how.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2021-02-02_realtime-service-uptime-monitoring/Realtime-service-uptime-monitoring-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2021-02-01T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2021-01-31_building-a-product-platform/", "content_html": "This month I am leveraging platform capabilities to launch a new product. Over the years I have developed the \"Lemmid\" platform, a set of building blocks that allow me to swiftly develop new products. Designing a platform takes some extra considerations, but if you follow some simple rules you can do it yourself!
\nSimply put, a platform is something that you can build upon. The key thing that separates a platform from a simple product is that the platform can do (or become) other things that were not originally envisaged at the time of its initial design.
\nModern smartphones with their hardware capabilities and respective app stores can be considered platforms. The platform enables all kinds of originally unforeseen functionality by enabling developers to use the platform's capabilities in novel ways and in new combinations.
\nIf you're designing a platform you must take special consideration for reusability, flexibility and extensibility. In a sense you're designing for an unknown future. To understand how to design a platform it is a good idea to have a look at Duplo bricks.
\nThe simplicity of a Duplo brick is deceptive, yet the design is incredibly brilliant as it enables:
\nThese three design principles enable the Duplo bricks to become a platform, enabling the creation of new things. If you're designing a platform you can think of these Duplo bricks. The components you create must support the \"platform principle\".
\nThe best way to design a platform is to focus on a single brick. It will be the elementary piece of your platform, imagine how it can connect to other pieces and how you'll standardise that (inter)connection. If you get this right, you'll be amazed how easy it becomes to incorporate new and novel ideas.
\nOver the years I have developed the \"Lemmid\" platform, it is a set of digital building blocks that provide a foundation for pretty much any product I develop. This includes apps, websites, webshops and even games!
\nThe platform is designed as a set of micro services that share a common interface and design principle. Each piece is \"unaware\" of its siblings in terms of design: they're locally scoped and as simple as possible. They can only connect to each other using a standardised protocol that I designed to be as simple as possible, too.
\nFor instance, there is a \"Lemmid Bill\"-block that is capable of sending bills. To \"whom and what\" is unknown for this block, other pieces can use the \"Bill\"-block send digital invoices. It can be reused and it works for invoices with things on them that I haven't even imagined yet.
\nAnother example is the \"Lemmid Manager\"-block that is capable of managing content. It is used in multiple ways by different products that I created. Sometimes it is used as a website content management system and sometimes it is used to manage a product catalog (driving webshops). It is capable of managing content for sites and apps that I haven't created yet!
\nThe food ordering app, known as \"Lemmid Store\", that I created on top of the Lemmid platform leverages its capabilities by using the individual building blocks to:
\nTake a moment to consider if you're building just a product or if it could become a platform by itself. If the latter is true, you may be wise to design for the future and embrace reusability, flexibility and extensibility.
\n\"I love it when a plan comes together\" is exactly what I think if I am able to leverage my platform's capabilities. Launching new products and being able to utilise the power of existing building bricks is \"nice\", to paraphrase the same Hannibal Smith from the A-team.
\nThe past year I have been experimenting with creating my own tablet operating system using Debian GNU/Linux and the i3 window manager on a Microsoft Surface Go 2 with LTE. After months of intense use I have now decided to abandon the experiment to move back to iPad Pro and the Mac. Read along to find out why.
\nAfter being fed up by the umpteenth bug in Apple Photos, I got serious about leaving the Apple ecosystem. I thought that I could do things better. How hard could it be to make your own OS.., right?
\nIt turns out that you can actually achieve a lot, if you have some spare time and a ton of dedication. It's amazing what you can learn if you simply try things. It led to some interesting posts and findings over the past months:
\nBut then something happened, I had an opportunity to use a Windows laptop for a while, the Surface Laptop Go. It is a jolly simple laptop and I liked it for precisely that: no hassles. The laptop just worked in a predictable, reliable way that - apparently - I was missing in \"WillemOS\".
\nBuilding your own OS is great for all kinds of reasons, but mostly because you get to decide how things will work. You're the architect, the master, the one that decides. You're god. The flip side of that great power is that you're also responsible to make things work!
\nVery often things worked fantastically, especially when I spent some time finetuning the experience. But even with all my knowledge and experience, there were times when things broke down, sometimes badly. Mainly this happened because:
\nOver the past 6 months (when I used my OS as daily driver) there where at least 3 occasions when the OS broke down at critical moments. Usually after waking up the tablet from hibernation, things went bad...
\nFor instance, one time I had to respond to a service outage, a customer called and they where in direct need for support. Precisely at that moment I ran into trouble getting my networking online after waking up the tablet. I lost precious time, but most of all I felt like an amateur not being able to respond instantly because some stupid networking bug. People pay me big time to help solve their problems, I'd better be ready!
\nAnother annoying example is when I had this super great idea for the next big unicorn IT concept... I was ready to use the tablet's pen to capture this spark of creativity when all of a sudden the tablet's digitiser failed to respond. My pen didn't work and the touch screen was all over the place. I was able to fix it by restarting some system services, closing and opening a few apps. But, by the time I was ready, the magical idea was gone!
\nBesides getting comfortable with Debian GNU/Linux in a deep, hardcore fashion, I learned a thing or three about the reality of building a system that you want to use on a daily basis.
\nFirst of all, reliability is incredibly important. This goes hand in hand with predictability (but they are not necessarily the same). It is not a problem if things break down, but only if you expect them so. This is extremely hard to get right, I have gained huge respect for all the good work that commercial software/hardware vendors have achieved. The performance of a critical tool that you plan to use on a daily basis must be extremely predictable.
\nSecond, to achieve this you'd better use supported hardware and common software concepts. Use a conventional PC with standard components with a normal mouse and keyboard if you plan to use free software (like Debian GNU/Linux). The frictionless tablet experience using free software isn't ready yet.
\nThird, and this is probably the most important thing: when it works it is magic! All the problems that I encountered were manageable and do not take anything away from the fact that when my OS worked, there sometimes was some true magic.
\nYou really have to be a little bit crazy to try to build your own operating system. You're a special kind of crazy if you make your experimental operating system your daily driver!
\nThat's what I did... and I am glad I survived to tell the story. I will try again some day, because the taste of freedom is hard to forget once you have experienced it!
\nThis week my trustworthy commuter bike started making strange squeaking noises when braking. It has been just over three years since I started cycling on it. People frequently ask me how the bike is performing and how the Gates Carbon CDX belt drive is doing? Time to have a look at the bike after 21.000KM!
\nMy bike is a modified Sensa Cintura that has become the best bike I ever owned. It is very reliable and I use it multiple days a week, pretty much all year round. The bike as gained a following, I have received comments, questions and reactions from all over the world! If you haven't seen them, you should check out the previous posts:
\nIt has been a while since I have written about my commuter bike. This is because there is very little to write about, ha! I have been riding it for months and months, years and years, and it has proven to be the most reliable bike I have ever had.
\nThen all of a sudden my bike started making strange noises under braking this week! It sounded like \"metal scraping metal\"... not good! It has been freezing these days and somehow the roads have been extra dirty because of snow mixed with salt and sand.
\nThe sound came from my rear brake, a Shimano hydraulic disk brake. I never had any problem with it and I suspected that it was either stuck or something was stuck inside it. I removed my rear wheel from the bike's frame to clear the brake and to be able to investigate the system a little bit better.
\nUpon close inspection I noticed that one of the brake pads was loose! The 'fork' that was supposed to keep it aligned was no longer in place. I removed the brake pads and all of a sudden I realised where the metal scraping noise was coming from...
\nReplacing the pads was easy enough, just order some replacement pads at your local bike shop (velominati rule #58). Know that there are different compounds available to fit in your hydraulic disk brake. The main difference is how durable they are versus how snappy they 'bite'. I opted for a hard and long lasting compound.
\nAfter only 1800KM I ran into trouble with the original CDN drive. Since I wrote about it both Sensa and Gates have taken notice, they no longer sell the CDN system! Instead the CDX system is now standard and that's a good thing!
\nThe Gates CDX Carbon Belt drive has proven to be very reliable on my commuter bike. After about 10.000KM I replaced the remaining CDN parts (the belt and the front sprocket), and ever since I have not had the slightest problem with my drive. I check my belt's tension every two / three months using the handy app: Android and iOS
\nAfter experimenting with road racing tires on my commuter bike I was quickly fed up with flats! I like my daily commute to be hassle free and opted for Schwalbe Marathon Plus Tour tires. They're real beasts and Schwalbe's claims that they are \"unplattable\" (insert German accent here) are valid! Over the past ±11.000KM that these tires are fitted on my bike, I haven't had a single puncture!
\nMy commuter bike is living up to its \"ultimate\" status as I hoped it would be. It has become the most reliable bike that I have ever owned.
\nThe bike shows its signs of wear and tear, but that is not a problem for something you use often and intense. I hope to be able to safely use it for many more kilometers to come!
\nThis month I received a shipment from China containing some special hardware, Android devices with embedded printers! To make life easier for the restaurant and business owners that use my food ordering app, I want these devices to automatically print new orders. If only I can get these machines to work with my software... challenge accepted!
\nThrough an highly optimised webshop people can order food for takeaway and delivery. My customers are restaurants and store owners that sell their products through the app. Orders are forwarded to kitchen and delivery staff, making sure everything is prepared and delivered.
\nOver the past months I have been adding features to help my customers manage their online stores better. A commonly heard request is to get rid of the computer or tablet in the kitchen that they now have to use to access online orders. Instead of a big and bulky computer I searched for a compact alternative.
\nAfter some digging through various international market places, I was able to contact a Chinese hardware vendor that has created an Android device with an integrated printer! Few weeks later it arrived from China - what a wonderful world we live in!
\nThis is an interesting piece of hardware as it is:
\nThe integrated printer is super practical as it enables the device to become a total solution for handling online orders. Using the touch screen orders can be accessed and the device can be configured to automatically print them. This allows for easy forwarding to the kitchen and delivery staff.
\nIn order to make all of this happen, I need to be able to run custom software on it. Although it runs Android, the devices came without any manuals, guidance or software development kit. This means I had to reverse engineer my way into this device.
\nThe best thing you can then do is to try something you know well, see if you can get another of your apps running on the device. I connected the device to my Linux tablet and started tinkering! I happen to have created a little Android app before... that seemed like the perfect candidate to test my development uplink to the device.
\nThe advantage of running something well known on unknown hardware is that you are able to establish some kind of a reference to what the hardware capabilities are. It turns out that the Android printer is quite capable!
\nTo fully leverage the hardware's capabilities I needed to figure out how to program the integrated printer. The Chinese hardware vendor integrated the printer in a non-standard Android way (for as much as there is a standard way on Android..). The devices I received came without any software or source code, a real bummer!
\nI investigated the serial and model numbers on the OEM device. I looked for any clue I could find and I searched the internet for similar devices. Perhaps that I could find some piece of (related) source code that would give me a starting point to work on this device.
\nAfter hours of research, I found a package on a remote part of the internet that contained some source code for a similar device! The problem was... it was all in Chinese!
\nI analysed the source code and quickly figured out how the basics worked. Using Google Translate I discovered that some parts of the source code were limited or not fully supported. But at least it offered me a starting point! Eventually I was not only able to read the Chinese source code, I was able to write software for it, too!
\nThe next step was to create a test program that could test if the adapted Chinese source code would actually work. If I would succeed this would enable me to start writing real software for the Android printer, software that will eventually be used by my customers. Well... low and behold, it worked! The printer started making some noise and voila: a Lemmid Logo appeared!
\nThis is brilliant stuff! I am really happy that I found a way to write software for this special hardware. It enables me to integrate the hardware into the platform that I am building for my customers.
\nIf there is one thing to takeaway from this post is that you sometimes simply need to try and see if you can figure out a way to make things work. Because only if you don't try, you can be really certain it won't work!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2020-12-31_working-with-special-hardware-from-china/", "title": "Working with special hardware from China", "summary": "This month I received a shipment from China containing some special hardware, Android devices with embedded printers! To make life easier for the restaurant and business owners that use my food ordering app, I want these devices to automatically print new orders. If only I can get these machines to work with my software... challenge accepted!", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2020-12-31_working-with-special-hardware-from-china/Working-with-special-hardware-from-China-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2020-12-30T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2020-12-15_why-apple-silicon-is-a-big-deal/", "content_html": "Apple now designs its own processors and I had a chance to work with the very latest from Cupertino: a brand new MacBook Air with M1 processor. Never ever have I been so blown away by a MacBook Air, pun intended. Let me share some thoughts why I think Apple Silicon is a big deal.
\nAnybody that has any interest in mobile computing knows that power usually comes at the expense of battery life. A powerfull processor burns energy, it becomes hot and requires fans to cool. Well, not anymore, meet Apple Silicon!
\nI am still fully flabbergasted - the new MacBook Air that I have here is without a doubt the fastest computer I ever owned. Yet it is utterly silent and its battery indicator seems to be stuck to \"full\". It is a weird, almost alien, experience: you expect some kind of trickery, but none is to be found: this is a game changing computer.
\nOne thing I always appreciated of iPad and my Surface tablet is that they are silent. This allows me to focus on my work, no distracting hissing of a fan. Or distracting heat underneath the keyboard. Now the Mac has it too, zen-like silence combined with raw performance.
\nThe short answer: lessons from mobile. The iPhone and iPad have been hugely successful because Apple deeply integrates hardware and software. Compared to a conventional PC processor, the mobile chips that Apple produces are tailored to the workload they expect them to run.
\nThis allows them to optimise the processor for both speed and energy efficiency. The operating system cleverly utilises the processor to run tasks on those cores that are best suited for the job. For instance, fetching new email can be done using a slower but highly efficient CPU-core while playing a game uses the powerful cores.
\nIn addition to clever software, they have integrated a lot of chips inside the processor chip that would otherwise be an external chip on the main logic board. The most incredible feat is integrating the system memory into the chip. This alleviates the need for an ultra high bandwidth 'highway' between the CPU and external memory banks. As the memory is right there inside the main chip, there is a no need to transfer all those bits and bytes hence and forth. It is far more efficient, by design.
\nThe thing that should scare the competition is that this is just the beginning. This is Apple's first attempt to make a Mac processor and it has exceeded most expectations.
\nIt's hard to escape the feeling that all the computers I own are now antiquated, it's really that big of a difference. From my power hungry servers in the datacenter (consuming kilowatts a day), to the tablet I carry. That's yesterdays inefficient tech, the future has arrived - oh boy!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2020-12-15_why-apple-silicon-is-a-big-deal/", "title": "Why Apple Silicon is a big deal", "summary": "Apple now designs its own processors and I had a chance to work with the very latest from Cupertino: a brand new MacBook Air with M1 processor. Never ever have I been so blown away by a MacBook Air, pun intended. Let me share some thoughts why I think Apple Silicon is a big deal.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2020-12-15_why-apple-silicon-is-a-big-deal/Why-Apple-Silicon-is-a-big-deal-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2020-12-14T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2020-12-02_designing-a-multi-dimensional-capacity-queue/", "content_html": "This month I needed to create additional dimensions to a capacity queue mechanism. The food ordering app that I created needed to be able to restrict capacity based on the number of orders, the contents in individual orders and the dispatch type (takeaway/delivery). Read along to find out how I used a Lambda Architecture to do this.
\nAlthough you may not realise this, one of the most powerful features of the food ordering app that I created is actually to be able to restrict the number of orders. This sounds counterintuitive, but by limiting the number of orders that can be placed, my customers (the restaurants and store owners that use my app) can ensure that orders get prepared and delivered in a good manner.
\nSay, you want to order three pizzas. The food app then needs to know:
\nEspecially around \"dinner o'clock\" there is a risk that too many people order food at once. While the app can handle the extra traffic thanks to its highly scalable architecture, physical constrains remain, such as:
\nThese three different types of constraints are interdependent. For instance, it is possible that one large pickup order can take up all the kitchen capacity, leading to unavailability for delivery, too. Smaller orders could still be accepted to fill up kitchen capacity, while there may no longer be enough capacity available for large orders. This means that you need a mechanism that looks at all the metrics combined to determine the availability for new orders, including the contents of an unplaced order (e.g. what's in your shopping cart).
\nIt is common to define a physical constraint by using a timespan, for instance \"the kitchen is capable of producing 10 dishes per 15 minutes\". It becomes challenging when you define other physical constraints using different timespan lengths. While the kitchen could be limited per 15 minutes, the delivery capacity could be using a longer timespan (e.g. 3 deliveries per 30 minutes). Somehow the mechanism should be capable of dealing with these differences in timespan granularity.
\nAdding to the challenge is the option for people to place their orders in advance. People can select a time slot in the future and have the required capacity reserved. Sometimes I see people place their order days in advance to be sure that they get their food delivered on a specific day and time. This means that there are (at least) two times associated with each order: order time and delivery time.
\nMost business owners require online payments for online orders, this is to ensure that all orders are legit and no capacity (or food) is wasted on no-shows or ghost orders. The problem with online payments is that not all transactions are successful. Sometimes a credit or debit payment is rejected (e.g. due to insufficient funds). Sometimes people simply close the app before completing the order. The system should reserve the required capacity for a given order, while it allows people to perform the online payment, and it should release the reserved capacity in case the order is abandoned or when the payment fails.
\nLast, but not least, the mechanism should be reliable and performant. Order availability should be determined within mere milliseconds while dealing with heavy concurrency as there are many different clients connected to the food ordering app during rush hour. When somebody places an order, it affects the availability for all other (potential) orders. Not everybody will be connected reliably as some people use the app on phones with poor reception or wifi. The system must work well under varying conditions with many different connected people.
\nThe Lambda Architecture is one way to deal with handling large quantities of data by using both stream processing and batch processing methods. A lambda architecture depends on a data model with an append-only, immutable datasource, often comprised of timestamped events.
\nThis is a very important foundation to the mechanism: all data is timestamped and never changes. Instead of mutating existing records, new records are simply added to overwrite the existing records. This allows for high concurrency and distributed algorithms, as synchronisation becomes simpler as one only has to look for new data (instead of both new and updated!).
\nThe stream processing, or realtime/speed layer, in a lambda architecture is designed to provide super fast answers to realtime data needs. It maintains views and metrics based on realtime processing of events.
\nThe batch processing, or precomputation layer, provides an complete and accurate basis of all the data in the system. As processing large quantities of data can take up time to process, the batch processing is not fast enough to do everything instantly. This is why the two layers work in tandem in a lambda architecture.
\nThe backend servers that handle food orders from the app work with a data stream of timestamped events. In essence: every order is an event in the system. Each order is stored with its order date/time, dispatch date/time (scheduled delivery or pickup time), customer details and order contents (number of dishes, etc).
\nIf payment fails or if an order is abandoned, a \"negative\" order is added to the data stream. It neutralises any effect on capacity constraints by its negative metrics. For example: to cancel an order of three pizzas, a negative order of \"minus three pizzas\" is created in the data stream with the same dispatch timestamp. This is an elegant way to make sure capacity is both reserved and released.
\nInstead of abstracting capacity into counters, the backend server uses the real stream data to anwser queries for realtime metrics. This enables the system to deal with differences in timespan granularity.
\nThe first time a query is received for a given metric, the system loads historic data through a batch mechanism to initialise the model that it can then keep up to date in realtime. This metric is kept up to date by looking at all new orders coming into the system for as long as queries for a given metric come. Once the data is no longer requested the model is unloaded. If it is needed again, the proces repeats.
\nThe great thing of this approach is that most queries are answered within mere milliseconds as they are directly read from RAM memory with no database or disk interaction. This enables ultra high performance on a \"need to have\" basis. This works well with the food ordering app as not all timespans are equally populair.
\nThe food ordering app repeatingly queries a central capacity server that maintains the queue metrics. It then filters out available time slots by looking at the actual things that a person is selecting for his or her order. Selecting a (likely) available time slot therefore happens client side, reducing the load on the backend. Once an order is placed, the capacity is reserved by the backend by updating the central queue metrics, blocking other people from claiming the same spot in the queue.
\nQueue mechanisms can be challenging when you deal with multiple metrics that control the speed. You should really take the time to model it right, think of the kind of data you really need to perform queue related checks.
\nNow you know that ordering three pizza's isn't quite as simple! Guaranteeing that they can be served hot and on time is a major technical challenge - in addition of being a good chef. Happy for you that I don't focus on the latter, ha!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2020-12-02_designing-a-multi-dimensional-capacity-queue/", "title": "Designing a multi dimensional capacity queue", "summary": "This month I needed to create additional dimensions to a capacity queue mechanism. The food ordering app that I created needed to be able to restrict capacity based on the number of orders, the contents in individual orders and the dispatch type (takeaway/delivery). Read along to find out how I used a Lambda Architecture to do this.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2020-12-02_designing-a-multi-dimensional-capacity-queue/Designing-a-multi-dimensional-capacity-queue-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2020-12-01T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2020-11-30_designing-my-own-watch/", "content_html": "Last month a very special package arrived from Switzerland, containing my custom made wrist watch. I decided to sell all my big brand watches and have them replaced by something unique, tailored to my personal preferences. This is the story of my watch.
\nThere is something magical in these miniature machines that sit on peoples' wrists: watches. They are technical marvels that often are much more than mere tools to tell time.
\nSome are status symbols, some are pieces of art, some are fitness tools and others are digital companions. But most of all, a watch is something truly personal: you wear it on your body. With smartphones and computers everywhere, nobody really needs a watch to tell time. Wearing a watch is a deliberate choice, one I like to carefully consider.
\nOver the years I have worn many different watches and each of them has its own story and reason. Yet none of them felt like a perfect fit for me.
\nYou'll be surprised how hard it is to precisely define what you really want. I took my time (pun intended) to distill a list of features that would define my perfect watch:
\nThen I stumbled upon ochs und junior, a small watch company from Switzerland. Founded in 2006 by Ludwig Oechslin, Beat Weinmann and Kurt König, they undertook an intense construction and design process to create their watches. While the company is in a state of transformation at the moment, they're still producing the watches that earned them their reputation.
\nTheir wrist watches use fewer parts to deliver mechanical complications, displaying other things than just the time. The watches are designed by Ludwig Oechslin, a renowned, recognised and awarded watchmaker, inventor and designer. He got widely known for his restoration of the astronomical clock in the Vatican Library, known as the Farnese Clock, and for the time he spent as Director of the International Museum of Horology in La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland. He is obsessed with reducing the number of parts because simpler mechanics are more reliable and easier to manufacture and service.
\nThis focus on removing unnecessary complexity is something that I totally value. It is something that I try to attain in everything I do, design and work with. Like my coffee button or my road bike. I knew immediately that this was the company that would be able to build my watch.
\nAfter contacting the company, we had several phone calls and email exchanges to discuss my ideas. Over the years they have made some very spectacular examples, yet I wanted to stay true to my wish list. When the sky is the limit, it's hard to stay on the ground - yet that's what I tried to do when creating this understated piece of art.
\nMy watch is made from titanium (which is light and durable), it's small (36MM diameter), it's waterproof (with a screw-down crown), the hands are luminous (visible in the dark), it has an automatic movement (not requiring batteries or manual winding) and its colours are true to the material (no painted surfaces).
\nThe watch is a so-called \"annual calendar\", which means it can show the correct date with only one manual adjustment per year (during February). An annual calendar \"knows\" the difference between short and longer months. In haute horlogerie this is a higher end complication, sometimes requiring more than hundredth additional parts. Thanks to Oechslin's brilliant design, this watch only uses only 3 additional parts!
\nAs an hidden luxury (it is only noticeable by the wearer), the watch is made lighter by milling away any excess material. While some people prefer a certain heft to communicate (material) value, I appreciate lightweightness as it improves comfort (especially when you're active).
\nDuring the design process I remained in contact with the company. Every now and then I received images from the workshop, keeping me in the loop as things progressed.
\nAfter waiting patiently for a few months, I received my watch per mail last month. Normally you're welcome to pick it up in person, but due to all the COVID-19 restrictions I opted for parcel delivery. If you hate paying (import) tax you might want to reconsider this... the Dutch customs' office wanted their part of my piggy bank before releasing my package for import.
\nWhile there are many reasons to choose a watch, I wanted my watch to be perfect for me. In a fast moving world where things get replaced rapidly by newer fads, spending time and money on a timeless timepiece felt right.
\nDon't be afraid to make decisions for yourself. Wear the watch you want to wear. If it doesn't exists, don't panic. Thanks to the wonders of our connected world, you can find people that will help you!
\nLast week my son and I where looking for bears in the local park... a child's fantasy is priceless! Unfortunately, during some off road riding with our cargo bike, one of the cables got tangled up with a sturdy branch! Our wounded carbo bike was in need for a repair!
\nOne thing I love about cycling is that you experience the world around you very intensely. You smell nature, you hear the birds and you see so much more around you. It's no coincidence then, that I enjoy going out on adventure with my son using our cargo bike.
\nOne of the cool things my son and I sometimes do, is to ride the cargo bike off road... Going through mud and bushes adds to the adventure! This time the bushes fought back! A sturdy branch got stuck right between the shifter cable underneath the cargo bike's frame! It pulled the entire cable from the frame, causing it to tear apart!
\nFortunately, I have collected all the necessary tools to repair bikes myself. It's a great thing to invest in some good tools and to learn how to use them. The cargo bike is equipped with a 7-speed Shimano Nexus gear hub, it's relatively easy to service.
\nTo remove the (damaged) shifter cable you should place the shifter in its first gear, loosening tension on the shifter cable. Then you can use your finger (or a screw driver) to push the cable bracket at the gear hub back. This will allow you to pull out the bolt that holds the cable.
\nRemove the bolt from the cable's end point and keep it in a safe place (as you'll need it later!). To remove the cable you should open the shifter's handle. Shimano's integrated steer shifter is closed using two tiny screws. If you remove them, you should be able to remove the cover plate. This will allow you to see (and loosen) the other cable's end point.
\nFinding yourself a new cable isn't hard, most (local) bike shops will have them in stock. Mind you, though, if you're working on a cargo bike or a tandem you'll need a longer than standard cable! It's a good idea to measure the exact length of the cable using the old cable.
\nThe first step is to measure and install the new outer cable. Make sure to include enough clearance around your steer. If the cable is too tight, it will intervene with steering! Once you have installed the outer cable, you can install the inner cable. Start at the handle bar and work your way through all the tiny holes and cable caps.
\nDon't immediately cut the cable, yet. You should first try to install it and see if everything works. After installing the bolt and fixing it to the rear hub bracket, you should look for a yellow marker. The yellow marker is an easy way to see if the shifter cable is properly tensioned. The two yellow parts of the marker should align when you have selected the fourth gear on the shifter.
\nIt is my strategy to get it 'roughly right' using the bolt, and finetune the alignment using the special alignment bolt near the shifter at the handle bar. Once you're confident that it is properly aligned, you should do a little test drive. If all works well, it is safe to cut the cable and install the end cap, which prevents the cable from unraveling into individual threads.
\nSometimes adventure takes its toll on your gear... our cargo bike suffered some damage to the Shimano shifter cable. Luckily, repairing the bike wasn't hard with the right tools and parts.
\nInvesting in proper tools (and learning how to use them) is a good idea. I was able to repair the cargo bike for as little as € 12. Being able to do simple repairs yourself is really a great asset for all adventures!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2020-11-22_replacing-a-shimano-shift-cable/", "title": "Replacing a Shimano shift cable", "summary": "Last week my son and I where looking for bears in the local park... a child's fantasy is priceless! Unfortunately, during some off road riding with our cargo bike, one of the cables got tangled up with a sturdy branch! Our wounded carbo bike was in need for a repair!", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2020-11-22_replacing-a-shimano-shift-cable/Replacing-a-Shimano-shift-cable-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2020-11-21T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2020-11-03_the-joy-of-a-simple-laptop/", "content_html": "Every now and then I switch my gear to keep a tap on what is going on outside my regular tech habits. You’ll be amazed by what you can learn from trying out different things. This week I had a chance to test the Surface Laptop Go running Windows 10. Quite frankly, it amazed me!
\nAs part of the popular Surface line-up, Microsoft introduced the Surface Laptop Go. It is a small, simple laptop that does not have any particular feature that stands out. On paper, its spec sheet probably won’t blow you away. As it turns out though, that is actually a good thing.
\nThe thing with modern hardware is that far too often people look for fancy features. Things to brag about, things to show off. “I’m better than you” and “look what I can do?!” Flagship devices, including smartphones, are introduced like rock stars on main stages. But chances are that you are not a groupie nor a fanboy.
\nLike living with a rock star is probably not without practical difficulties, ultra high end devices often have their hidden flaws. They may overheat, behave unpredictably or demand a high price for their presence. If you’re looking for an everyday companion, then you may prefer a little less “rock starrieness”. The Surface Laptop Go might then just be what you’re looking for!
\nHandling the laptop quickly gives you a sense of how well it’s built. It is sturdy and solid, yet without excessive weight. It strikes a very nice balance that gives you the confidence to use it wherever you go.
\nUnlike the multi thousand euro high-end computers, the relatively affordable price tag of the Surface Laptop Go (starting at € 629) does not immediately require you to opt for a second mortgage. It makes everything easier as you’ll feel more comfortable to use it: it’s a tool, not a precious jewel!
\nI have been using the Surface Laptop Go with Windows 10 as an alternative to my beloved little tablet that runs free software. I try different devices and operating systems on a regular basis to maintain an up to date understanding of “the other side of the fence”. This goes for my computers, but it applies my smartphone too. You must never limit yourself to any particular platform, it is really useful to keep an open mind about the different options out there. My dad used to say: “Check out the menu everywhere, but enjoy the home cooked diner!”
\nMy daily routine involves anything from handling email, reading articles, writing blog posts, programming, server management and the occasional hacking. I work from home and from my office in Amsterdam, for which I use a bike to go hence and forth. For practical matters, I love my computers to be portable, preferably so they fit in my weather proof backpack.
\nSharp eyes among you may have spotted the Windows 10 screenshots in the past few blog posts, involving some rsync magic and some programming. Getting along with Windows 10 required some tinkering. The Surface Laptop Go comes with Windows 10 in S mode. Oh, boy.
\nRunning Windows 10 in the so called “S mode” means it is locked down. Not even Microsoft’s own apps work well, like I experienced when I tried to use the Windows Terminal:
\nThe main advantage of Windows 10 S mode is that you are better protected against threats and malware. I get it, it’s just like you can’t crash your car if it doesn’t drive. Switching out of S mode is possible, but you won’t be able to return... ever! Like being expelled from the nest, the S-nest.
\nSomehow this feels a little weird, I can only hope that Microsoft finds a better way to provide a secure Windows experience instead of this “do or dare” ultimatum. But credit to where it’s due: once you’ve left the S mode, pretty much anything is possible with Windows these days!
\nIf you take the time to configure Windows 10, it is quite the capable operating system. I quickly found my way when I set out to do my work. Windows 10 is good in a predictable, professional way.
\nUsing the Surface Laptop Go reminded me of the simple joy of using a laptop as a tool. It just works. Open it, do some work, close it and repeat. Microsoft nailed the Windows 10 experience on Surface, software and hardware are nicely integrated (in a way that reminds me of Apple at their finest).
\nA nice example of the refined nature of the experience is the fingerprint sensor. The computer boots in an unbelievable speed, to await your touch to unlock it. A subtle but clearly visible clue is given: the power button lights up. Touch it “et voila”, you’re ready to go.
\nWorking with the laptop is a charm. It operates in cool silence, allowing you to fully focus on your work. The thin bezels around the screen give it ample space for your work. Maximising the canvas for your creativity, while preserving the portable footprint.
\nThe keyboard of this laptop is fantastic, the keys feel extremely comfortable. Don’t be fooled by the plastic appearance, there is nothing flimsy about this keyboard. The keys are surrounded by aluminium which provides a nice feeling when you rest your palms next to the trackpad.
\nThe spacious trackpad is another example of integrating hardware and software. Microsoft added support for multi touch gestures in Windows 10. It’s a warm welcome for those of us that have enjoyed this on Apple macOS for so many years.
\nThe Surface Laptop Go stands out for the right reason: it is a perfect everyday companion. While there are cheaper third party alternatives available, I can’t help but feel that none of them offer the same level of integration of hardware and software. This refinement makes all the difference, worth every penny.
\nUsing Windows 10 to get work done isn’t all that bad, that’s high praise from someone like me that likes to build his own operating system. Working with different systems reminds me to keep an open mind, there are good things outside my regular habits!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2020-11-03_the-joy-of-a-simple-laptop/", "title": "The joy of a simple laptop", "summary": "Every now and then I switch my gear to keep a tap on what is going on outside my regular tech habits. You’ll be amazed by what you can learn from trying out different things. This week I had a chance to test the Surface Laptop Go running Windows 10. Quite frankly, it amazed me!", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2020-11-03_the-joy-of-a-simple-laptop/The-joy-of-a-simple-laptop-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2020-11-02T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2020-10-31_increase-traffic-to-your-blog-with-a-rss-feed/", "content_html": "Writing for my blog has been a lot of fun, I receive messages from all of the world about the things I like. Traffic is growing, every month more readers are finding their way to my blog. This week I received a request to support RSS feeds on my blog. I wondered, are RSS feeds still relevant today?
\nWith RSS (or \"really simple syndication\") users and applications can access updates to websites in a standardised and computer-readable format. This allows them to combine updates from many different websites into a single news aggregator, basically like a personalised \"newspaper\".
\nBefore social media became hugely popular, RSS feeds where widely used to share links and content between different news and blogging sources. Subscribing to a website's feed is similar to \"following a thing\" on social media, you'll automatically receive updates.
\nThe great thing about RSS is that it is distributed, there is no single authority (or big corporation) that controls the content or the platform.
\nAs social media has surpassed RSS feeds in popularity, support for RSS has been declining. Platforms such as Twitter and Facebook, allow single, simple, users to share content. This is far easier than setting up a blog with a corresponding RSS feed. The bulk of social media content is then moderated and filtered through algorithms, coupled with advertising, to be turned into a money generating mass media platform.
\nWhen Google Reader closed its doors, some bloggers lost 6.500 RSS subscribers overnight! If you think about maintaining contact with your audience, email makes sense. For most of us, email is interwoven with our daily routines. We check it regularly and have access to our mail from our mobile devices. If done properly, sending out email newsletters is a viable way to stay in touch with your audience. Heck, it's no surprise that people describe this to be a news media renaissance.
\nIn the era of social media and newsletter resurrections one may wonder why you would still support RSS feeds? I think the main reason is that it takes very little effort to do it right, and it (still) provides value.
\nPeople, but perhaps more importantly, computers can use RSS feeds to automatically fetch updates from your blog. Popular newsletter software can use RSS to automate the newsletter creation process. By supporting RSS on your blog, you'll make it easier for others to send newsletters for you.
\nDid you know that other people use RSS feeds to automatically tweet about your content using modern services like IFTTT (if this then that)? You should check out this article. In short, RSS is a great way to support content automation. Even if you don't intend to do this, you should consider supporting others with their efforts by supporting RSS.
\nSame goes for software like narrow casting (or digital signage), where headlines can be automatically fetched from your website. RSS feeds are widely supported by digital signage software to generate news tickers.
\nWith modern RSS reader apps like Feedly normal users can overcome many of the problems of the original RSS reader apps: overwhelming information overload. At this moment they serve a niche as they are less popular than social media, but this niche can be an important one (quantity vs quality). Perhaps one day there will be a RSS-feed renaissance, just like the email newsletters.
\nIf you're blogging with popular blogging software, like WordPress, chances are that you already have RSS support build in. Try adding \"/feed\" to your blog's address, it may pop up automatically. Good for you! If you're using custom blogging software, like I do, you may need to implement RSS feeds yourself.
\nTechnically, RSS is nothing more than a dialect of XML. It is a file that contains your content in a standardised, structured way. The RSS specification is open and holds very little secrets as it is well documented.
\nThis blog is managed using custom software that I developed for my customers. My software generates so called \"static HTML pages\" from a dynamically managed back-end that runs on NodeJS. This means that I needed to find a way to generate the RSS feeds from my static site generator, along with the HTML files. Now, it's time to get technical! :-)
\nIt is always a good idea to check out existing implementations of open standards before you'll set out to \"reinvent the wheel\". Chances are that somebody already did all the hard work. But moreover, choosing a well tested package over a self built implementation (with undiscovered bugs and flaws) can be smart thing to do. For NodeJS there is the \"Feed\" module that makes it easy to generate RSS, Atom and JSON feeds.
\nUsing the Feed-module I added a function to my static site generator called \"generateFeeds()\" that implements the code necessary to generate RSS, Atom and JSON feeds. Its main function is to map the different fields as specified in the RSS feed structure to those of my website's object model. Its not hard to get right if you already have a descent object model with references to to fields like an image URL, a post's title and publishing date.
\nI figured that it would be a good idea to setup my webserver, NGINX, to automatically redirect common feed URL's to the generated RSS files. This way my custom RSS-implementation is easier to discover by other people and computers; as it mimics behaviour of popular blogging software.
\nYou can check out the result yourself, by using any of the following URL's:
\nSometimes it makes sense to have a second look at yesteryear's technology. While RSS feeds may not be as popular as they once were, they can still provide value to your blog.
\nAs implementing an RSS feeds is easy and maintaining it can be fully automated, there is really no reason why you should not consider adding it to your blog. As a bonus you'll be ready for the next renaissance!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2020-10-31_increase-traffic-to-your-blog-with-a-rss-feed/", "title": "Increase traffic to your blog with a RSS feed", "summary": "Writing for my blog has been a lot of fun, I receive messages from all of the world about the things I like. Traffic is growing, every month more readers are finding their way to my blog. This week I received a request to support RSS feeds on my blog. I wondered, are RSS feeds still relevant today?", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2020-10-31_increase-traffic-to-your-blog-with-a-rss-feed/Increase-traffic-to-your-blog-with-a-RSS-feed-800px.png", "date_modified": "2020-10-30T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2020-10-30_how-to-use-rsync-to-make-backups/", "content_html": "It is very important to make backups of your data, as you never know when disaster strikes! One powerful, cross platform, tool to help you achieve this is 'rsync'. In this post I'll explain why rsync is useful and how you can use it to set up your own backups.
\nEver since it was originally created in 1996 (by Andrew Tridgell and Paul Mackerras), rsync has grown to become a standard utility that is available on popular GNU/Linux distributions, Apple macOS, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD and (through Cygwyn or WSL) on Windows.
\nRsync is typically used for synchronising files and directories between two different computers. It can use SSH to connect to another computer and to transfer files. In addition to remote computers, you can use rsync to synchronise to external hard drives and network attached storage (NAS) drives. Rsync is popular because:
\nIf you're on GNU/Linux, *BSD or Apple macOS you probably already have rsync installed. If you're on Windows you can look at the Windows Subsystem for Linux or WSL to get access to all the standard GNU/Linux tools. Alternatively to WSL, you can use Cygwin to install the large collection of GNU and Open Source tools on Windows.
\nUsing rsync is done from the command line, or terminal. You run the 'rsync' command followed by (optional) flags, a source path and a destination path.
\nUsing the -arvz flags you configure rsync to:
\nThere are many other flags and options which allow you to customise the behaviour of rsync to your needs. You should check out the man page for rsync for a full list of all options.
\nIn the following example I'll use rsync to copy a directory (\"Sample-Files\") on my Windows 10 desktop to a remote server. I use WSL on Windows to have a working Debian_GNU/Linux environment in my Windows Terminal.
\nLet me explain the command that I use:
\nIf you execute this command for the first time, the remote server's cryptographic fingerprint is shown. This is used to ensure that you're talking to your server. This prevents hackers to impersonate your server without you noticing (as the fingerprint is unique to your server. If rsync detects a change in this fingerprint, it will refuse to transfer files. This is critical as copying your backups to a random remote destination would be a potential risk for data leaks!
\nYou're asked for your password if you're connecting over SSH without key-based authentication. This is fine if you intend to run your file transfer manually, but if you intend to automate transfers you might want to setup key-based authentication (using the handy command \"ssh-copy-id\"). You're computer will then be able to securely login to the remote machine without the need to enter a password manually.
\nIf rsync can connect successfully it will then continue to determine which files need to be transferred. If you have set the \"-v\" flag, you'll see the progress line by line. After the transfer is complete rsync will exit with a summary.
\nRsync's party trick is that it fully supports incremental data transfers out of the box. If you have some new files and then run the same rsync command again, it will only transfer those files that are in need of transfer.
\nYou can see in the screenshot that rsync automatically detected the new file. It only transferred that file to the remote server. Saving bandwidth, time and processing power. It works with new files and files that have been updated.
\nOptionally you can use the \"--delete\" flag to propagate local deletes to the target directory, creating a perfect mirror image of the local file structure. For backup purposes you might consider skipping this (as you might remove files unintentionally).
\nBecause rsync is \"just a terminal command\" you can easily use it inside your own scripts. Think of a script as a collection of rsync commands that comprise a set of \"source\" and \"destination\" links between your files and their respective backup locations.
\nYou can schedule your script to be executed automatically at a given day of the week and time of the day. On GNU/Linux, *BSD and macOS you can use cron to do this. On Windows you can use the \"Task Scheduler\" app.
\nWith rsync you can transfer files from your computer to another system efficiently, securely and incrementally. It can be a crucial tool in your backup schedule.
\nIt is free and widely available. Its performance and reliability are widely established. There really is no excuse for why you shouldn't setup your backups properly!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2020-10-30_how-to-use-rsync-to-make-backups/", "title": "How to use rsync to make backups", "summary": "It is very important to make backups of your data, as you never know when disaster strikes! One powerful, cross platform, tool to help you achieve this is 'rsync'. In this post I'll explain why rsync is useful and how you can use it to set up your own backups. ", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2020-10-30_how-to-use-rsync-to-make-backups/How-to-use-rsync-to-make-backups-800px.png", "date_modified": "2020-10-29T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2020-10-15_rescuing-photos-from-a-crashed-imac/", "content_html": "This week I received a message from someone with a iMac that crashed. It contained more than 50.000 photos, covering two decades of personal history. As there was no backup, it was up to me to attempt to safe as much as I could. Could I possibly recover the personal photos?
\nThe Apple iMac is an impressive all in one computer. The computer is integrated into the display. All components are closely packed together using tiny screws, tape and magnets. It’s a challenging computer when it comes to repair (and recovery).
\nThe iMac did not boot any more, likely the result of an hardware failure as the standard Apple (software) recovery system did not work either. This often means trouble, as I have learned the hard way after some handy work on my own iMac...
\nDepending on the exact iMac model, you might need a special blade to remove the display from the enclosure. It is the only way to access the components inside the computer. To recover lost files (and photos) you’ll need to find the hard disk (or SSD).
\nThis particular iMac has a glass panel that is held on to the aluminium frame by (strong) magnets. You can remove the panel using suction caps. Be careful with the glass panel to prevent it from cracking. You don’t want to hurt yourself!
\nAfter you have removed the glass panel you should be able to remove the display once you have removed all the Torx screws. Take your time to do this as it can be a little tricky with the strong magnets close to the screw holes.
\nOnce the screws are removed you should be able to lift the display with your fingers. Be careful as the display is connected to the main logic board with multiple cables. Once the display is removed you should have a clear view on the iMacs innards.
\nFor my attempt to recover the personal photos from this iMac I was only interested in the hard disk. It’s an easy part to recognise, usually big and bulky. You can recognise it by its rectangular shape and green chip. After I removed it, I closed the iMac again to return it in its current condition.
\nIf you cannot get your computer to start any more, it does not necessarily mean that everything on it is lost! Very often (parts) of the computer’s memory are still functional. You can compare it to personal injury: although you cannot walk (easily) with a broken leg, you might still be able to move when you get a little help from someone. If the computer contains valuable data, it can be a good idea to do an attempt to recover files.
\nUsing a standard SATA-to-USB convertor chip (that I once removed from an external hard disk’s enclosure) you can connect the disk to another computer. This enables you to read from the disk, even if the operating system on the disk is broken. I have used this strategy before to rescue photos from a broken laptop.
\nThe best thing you can do is to connect the disk to a computer running the same operating system. Disks are formatted into data structures that comprise a “file system”. These file systems differ per operating system. Some file systems can be read by different operating systems, while others can’t. By using another Mac that I borrowed from my brother, I knew that the operating system would be able to understand the filesystem on the salvaged disk.
\nIf the disk is not (entirely) defect, you might be able to read its contents using the other computer. You may be tempted to ‘click around’ and browse its contents. But you must focus on recovering the most important files first! You don’t know how long the damaged disk will continue to work - it may die any second!
\nAs I am familiar with Apple Photos, I know where the (original) photo files are kept. This allowed me to optimise my strategy, directly attempting to copy the personal photos. Instead of using the macOS Finder (or Windows Explorer), I prefer to use terminal commands to copy files from unreliable sources.
\nWith a tool like ‘rsync’, you can copy directory structures just like you would normally do. But its advantage is that it’s able to skip unreadable files and it can ‘resume’ copying if it is ever interrupted. I started the command and simply hoped for the best.
\nThings were looking great for the first years of photos, one by one the photos where copied onto the “rescue computer”. Depending on the disk’s condition, copying can take a long time - much longer than it would normally take. You should pay attention to the hard disk’s sound, if it starts making weird noises you might be running into trouble...
\nSuddenly the disk started to make weird rattling sounds, the copying stalled and errors appeared on my terminal window. I’ve hit a rough part on the disk. For a few moments I allowed the disk to attempt to read the damaged files, but to prevent it from damaging further I stopped the copy process.
\nUsing the Mac’s Disk Utility app I attempted to do a “First Aid” file system repair. Perhaps that the disk’s file mappings could be restored. Because I use “rsync” to copy the files, my next attempt would continue where it was previously interrupted. Unfortunately the First Aid did not repair the disk, the photos from September 2017 where still unreadable.
\nThe next thing I tried was to tell my copy command (rsync) to skip the photos from September 2017. You can use the “--exclude” option from rsync to do this. Perhaps that the bad sectors on the disk where only affecting those photos, newer photos could possibly still be recovered.
\nGuess what? It worked! Copying continued without any trouble once I excluded the damaged photos from September 2017. Ultimately I was able to rescue all other photos! Not a bad yield: only one month of photos was unrecoverable from a collection of about 20 years!
\nProtect yourself from data loss by making decent backups! It is incredibly important, don’t wait for (hardware) trouble to surprise you unprepared.
\nJust don’t panic if you do happen to be struck with some bad luck. Using the right tools you might still be able to recover files from a faulty drive. If you don’t feel comfortable doing it yourself, find someone that can help you.
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2020-10-15_rescuing-photos-from-a-crashed-imac/", "title": "Rescuing photos from a crashed iMac", "summary": "This week I received a message from someone with a iMac that crashed. It contained more than 50.000 photos, covering two decades of personal history. As there was no backup, it was up to me to attempt to safe as much as I could. Could I possibly recover the personal photos?", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2020-10-15_rescuing-photos-from-a-crashed-imac/Rescuing-photos-from-a-crashed-iMac-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2020-10-14T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2020-09-29_riding-with-omata-one/", "content_html": "For the past week I have been riding my bicycle with Omata One, a special bike computer. Its mechanical hands indicate speed, distance, ascent and time ridden measured using precise GPS data. It is fun, read along to know why.
\nSome ride their bike to be the fastest, but I believe there is more to cycling than getting somewhere first. Being out in the open, breathing fresh air and being free from distractions of our connected world, is what makes cycling extra valuable for me.
\nRiding your bike is good for the body and soul. You can use it to commute, to exercise or both. If you’re interested in your physical performance, you might consider tracking your rides using a bike computer.
\nModern bike computers are technological marvels. Their digital displays show an incredible amount of data. Many of them connect to your smartphone, notifying you of incoming messages and phone calls.
\nModern connectivity is great for when you need it, but the omnipresent blinking and beeping can be distracting. Not everybody will go through the multi-layered settings menus to restrain this flow of information. This is why Omata One was created.
\nThe Omata One is a bike computer that is radically different from most other cycling computers. It uses analogue hands to indicate speed, ascent, distance and time ridden. It doesn’t blink or beep, but it does collect highly precise GPS data that you can analyse after your ride.
\nOperating the Omata does not require any touch screen interaction or fiddling with tiny buttons. The rotating outer ring functions as a simple selector:
\nSimply start riding and the hands will move along! There is something weirdly natural to analogue indicators that set them apart from their digital counterparts. Instead of “reading” numbers you simply “see” the angle of the hands, this becomes very intuitively once you have ridden with Omata for some time.
\nThere is great depth in the dial, which is a pleasure to look at under changing light conditions. It is beautiful but it doesn’t scream for attention. It quickly became an integral part of my bike, in a very natural way. I like that.
\nUsing the Omata app you can easily download your ride data. The ride is saved as an industry standard FIT file, compatible with most fitness and health apps. You can upload your ride to Strava, import it in Cyclemeter or send it to your computer for further analyses with GoldenCheetah. You can use the app to connect Omata to external ANT+/Bluetooth sensors, like a power meter or heart rate monitor.
\nIf you are looking for an alternative to hyper connected modern cycling computers, then you could consider the Omata One a worthy option.
\nThe lack of distractions and the beautiful analogue display with moving hands set it apart. If you appreciate its design ethos, then the Omata is worth every bit of its premium price!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2020-09-29_riding-with-omata-one/", "title": "Riding with Omata One", "summary": "For the past week I have been riding my bicycle with Omata One, a special bike computer. Its mechanical hands indicate speed, distance, ascent and time ridden measured using precise GPS data. It is fun, read along to know why.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2020-09-29_riding-with-omata-one/Riding-with-Omata-One-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2020-09-28T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2020-09-28_refining-my-tablet-os-experience/", "content_html": "Earlier this year I tried to create my own tablet operating system by installing Debian GNU/Linux on a Microsoft Surface Go tablet. I learned a great deal about what I like about tablets. But I still preferred my iPad Pro, mainly because of its polished user experience. This time I set out to refine my tablet software to replace my iPad.
\nIf you’re thinking about installing Linux on a tablet: you’re not alone. My earlier post on installing Debian GNU/Linux on Surface GO received a ton of attention. Apparently, many of you are looking for an alternative for the locked down operating systems that are usually installed on tablets (like iPadOS, Android or Windows 10S).
\nAs history is full of sweet irony, it’s Microsoft that actually makes some pretty handsome hardware that works well with Linux. Their Surface line-up includes different laptops and tablets. The “SurfaceLinux” reddit page is is full of interesting user stories worth checking out. People are doing this and you could do it yourself, too.
\nAfter installing and modifying Debian GNU/Linux on Surface Go, dubbed “Willem OS”, I tried to make it my main computer. If you’re a frequent visitor of my blog, you’ll know that I have been using iPads and tablets for years as main computer. Ultimately I deemed my first version of “WillemOS” not good enough: iPad Pro was light-years ahead when it came to a polished user experience.
\nFrom this first attempt I learned a great deal, it led to a better understanding of what I seek in a tablet experience. I am looking for simple, yet versatile software to run on my tablet.
\nBut “simple” is actually very hard to achieve. In order to make things really simple, you need to seamlessly integrate hardware and software. Apple does this well, iPad Pro provides a great user experience because:
\nIt turns out that getting these things working seamlessly with Debian GNU/Linux on Surface is hard. My first tablet OS required a lot of manual interaction and was therefore cumbersome in comparison to iPad Pro.
\nMicrosoft released a new Surface Go tablet this year, the Surface Go 2. It has a faster processor (up to 64%!), thinner bezels and an improved screen. It is a very descent upgrade that puts the Surface Go 2 much more on par with the 11-inch iPad Pro in hardware terms. For my second attempt to create the ultimate tablet experience, I decided to use the top model Surface Go 2:
\nThe Surface Go 2 is very similar to its predecessor when it comes to installing a base installation of your favourite GNU/Linux distribution. I followed my own steps from the original Surface Go installation here.
\nIn short, you must take the following steps when installing Linux on your Surface:
\nThe last step of the installation is where you can make the difference between a fantastic and lousy user experience. To “encourage” myself to stick to this experiment I decided to sell my iPad Pro: burning the ships (as there would be no way back)!
\nOn a small display, running apps full screen makes perfect sense. I know that the conventional PC concept of managing distinct application Windows doesn’t provide the best user experience on a small tablet computer. Therefore I decided to try a tiling window manager: i3wm.
\nThe principle of a tiling window manager is simple: apps take up as much space as there is available. This means that if you run just one app, it will be full screen. Two apps run split screen, etc, etc. You can define rules that automate the arrangement of apps. Using keyboard shortcuts you can quickly switch between apps. You may need some time to figure out what works best for you when you use a tiling window manager, but in the end it can save you a lot of time!
\nAnother powerful feature of i3wm is that you can have different ‘workspaces’. They are an easy way to organise groups of apps running together. I use different workspaces for different things that I do. A common approach is to put the web browser on one workspace, mail applications on another one, and the ones with which you work, on the third one.
\nThe great thing about multiple workspaces is that one app (e.g. your browser) can run multiple instances on different workspaces. This enables many different combinations of apps. This is really where the i3wm window manager is much better than iPadOS’s take on multi tasking.
\nThe i3wm window manager supports external monitors very well, using the same concept of a workspace. You simply designate one or multiple workspaces to be shown on the extra/external screen. This works well with the Surface Dock and USB-C-to-HDMI accessories for Surface. Multi monitor support is really great.
\nOne thing that you should try is to use fusuma to enable three finger gestures on the trackpad. If you have ever worked on a MacBook you’ll know that the multi touch trackpads enable useful gestures to switch desktops (or workspaces in i3wm). It works really well!
\nFor managing my photos using Shotwell I wanted some serious storage on my tablet. Altough I have the top model Surface Go 2 with the 256GB SSD drive, I used the MicroSD card slot to extend my storage capacity by another 512GB. The MicroSD card is slower than the integrated SSD, but for files that you don’t read every day/hour/minute it is fast enough.
\nMy Debian GNU/Linux installation had no trouble recognising the MicroSD card. I encrypted the entire MicroSD card to prevent my photos from leaking if I would ever lose my card. You should (always) consider this, take appropriate measures to protect and backup your data!
\nAfter installing the ‘non-free’ wireless firmware in Debian the WiFi works well on Surface Go 2. Getting the LTE/4G to work was a lot harder! For some reason the WWAN connection did not start, even though I inserted a working SIM-card in the Surface Go. For some mysterious reason the modem did not start correctly, 4G/LTE did not work!
\nOne of the great things of iPad is that it shares the connectivity logic from iPhone. It automatically manages different wireless networks and mobile broadband connections. I wanted this to work on my Linux tablet, too!
\nWhen I looking for a clue to get 4G/LTE to work, I looked into reports on Surface Pro. The Surface Go 2 is technically very similar to the larger Pro. I figured that I could learn from peoples efforts with mobile broadband on the Surface Pro. After many hours of searching and trying different things, I found this solution to get 4G to work on Surface:
\nYou can use the Network Manager (and Modem Manager) to automate connectivity management under Linux. By default it will prefer WiFi connections over mobile broadband. You can have it automatically connect over 4G/LTE if there is no WiFi available. It now works very well in combination with the Surface Go 2 hardware!
\nAnother thing no iPad user ever thinks of, is how great Apple got things right when it comes to suspend and resume. When you have an iPad you can have it in standby mode for many days, yet it is always very quick to continue where you have left once you pick it up again.
\nTo make my Surface with GNU/Linux do the same I needed a way to quickly suspend and resume. In Linux / PC world there are basically four power modes:
\nIn order to “instantly resume where you have left” you need to preserve app states. The fastest (and near instant) resumes are possible when the app state is stored in RAM memory. The problem with RAM memory is that it needs current (power!) to maintain it’s value. Once power is lost, app states are lost.
\nThe alternative is to suspend to disk (or hibernate), where the state is stored on the permanent storage device in the computer. It will allow the computer to turn off completely. The problem with suspending to disk is that resuming is slower and will require re-entering encryption passphrases for full disk encryption.
\nThe good news is that modern GNU/Linux comes with systemd that enables you to configure how the computer handles suspend and resume. You can configure your tablet to first suspend to RAM (enabling instant resume) and then, after a period of time, suspend to disk.
\nOn a normal working day, I wake up (very) early to work on my most challenging projects from home. Then I ride my bike to work and continue working from there. I timed my commute and figured that if my tablet would stay on for at least two hours, it would allow me to instantly resume work. If I do not continue working on my tablet within two hours, it will save battery power by suspending to disk. This way I have the best experience for my particular situation.
\nUnlike the tightly controlled iPad, software on GNU/Linux is created using many different approaches to user interface design. There is no such thing as the User Interface Guidelines that Apple dictates for iOS and iPadOS. This is a problem as it causes software to look and feel inconsistent.
\nA consistent look and feel is important to enable a frictionless environment and user experience. Therefore I made many small adjustments to colour, fonts, icons and toolbars to make my apps all look and feel similar. Although it is is not perfectly harmonious, it no longer feels as if I am working with “Frankenstein OS”.
\nI prefer a dark theme as it is easier on my eyes, but you should decide for yourself. Use tools like lxappearance to make adjustments for multiple apps. But, you’ll probably need to make adjustment on individual app basis, too. I use the adwaita-dark theme and (monochromatic) HighContrast icons, with the Open Sans Light font.
\nBuilding a beautiful system is one thing, but actually using it as daily driver is something else! The Surface Go is my daily driver and over the past few weeks I have been experimenting with different things and settings. Here are some highlights.
\nBuilding my own tablet OS is a real challenge. My first attempt was not good enough to replace my iPad. This second attempt however is different. The time and effort I put into refining the user experience results in a much better system. I now use it as my main computer on a daily basis.
\nAlthough I always appreciated the work that Apple has done on iPad, it remains limited by its locked down software. Especially now, when Apple has decided to double down on its AppStore control. The only way to control the future is to create it yourself: I believe the time is right to become captain on my own ship!
\nAfter months of intense use I have decided to abandon my own tablet OS
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2020-09-28_refining-my-tablet-os-experience/", "title": "Refining my tablet OS experience", "summary": "Earlier this year I tried to create my own tablet operating system by installing Debian GNU/Linux on a Microsoft Surface Go tablet. I learned a great deal about what I like about tablets. But I still preferred my iPad Pro, mainly because of its polished user experience. This time I set out to refine my tablet software to replace my iPad.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2020-09-28_refining-my-tablet-os-experience/Refining-my-tablet-OS-experience-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2020-09-27T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2020-09-16_syncing-files-seamlessly-between-smartphone-and-tablet/", "content_html": "In order to optimise my workflow, I was looking for a way to seamlessly access the same files on both my computer and smartphone. This is useful to when you want to quickly send files from your computer using your smartphone through various messaging apps and vice versa. Read along to find out how I did it.
\nWhen I am working, I usually use both a tablet and a smartphone. I use a tablet as main computer. My iPhone is very useful as a second screen. I also use it to send files, screenshots and photos to people using the many different messaging apps that run on iOS.
\nFor the better or the worse, there is a shift going on from email to apps such as Slack, WhatsApp, iMessage and Signal. My iPhone is the gateway to these channels of communication. As I do not want to use iCloud Drive or DropBox I needed another way to seamlessly have my files on both my tablet and smartphone.
\nAfter a quick search I found Unison in the Debian software repository. As my tablet runs on Debian GNU/Linux I looked for a way to synchronise files securely using open standards. Unison does this using rsync over SSH/SFTP. This means it will work with my existing NAS server that lives in a data center.
\nAlthough you could setup file sharing directly between your tablet and a smartphone, I use the central NAS server to allow communication between my devices, even if they’re not on the same network. This happens when one (or both) devices are on cellular networks. To access files from my iPhone, I use the Secure ShellFish app that integrates nicely with the native iOS files app.
\nSetting Unison up is easy. You should check out the English documentation on the Unison website or follow this great Unison guide in German. You can run Unison from the command line, but I like it to run automatically using a preconfigured profile and a frequently running cron job.
\nThe Unison configuration profile is straightforward: you define two root folders and you can use some toggles to adjust the default behaviour. I have setup my profile to do things in batches and automatically decide which files to keep. I have a dedicated \"Cloud\" folder that I choose to share between my devices, it acts as a kind of \"Desktop\"-folder. Check out the Unison man page for all the possible parameters (try to type 'man unison' in your terminal).
\nAuthentication is done using your system’s SSH configuration. You can (and should) setup authentication using shared client keys. This will enable password-less SSH communication between your client and server. Once you have tested and configured your Unison profile, you can create a cron job to automatically synchronise your files. Because file transfers can take a longer time, the cron job should only run if the previous run was completed. You can do this using a PID file, acting as a check.
\nOnce you have your computer synchronising files to your NAS, you should setup your smartphone. I use an iPhone and therefore looked for the best app that integrates well with the native iOS files app. After testing different apps I found Secure ShellFish to be the best:
\nThe beautiful thing of the Secure ShellFish app is that it integrates into the native iOS File app (and the underlying iOS storage provider API’s). This means that all apps that access local storage can connect with your NAS! This enables access to your files from practically any app.
\nOptimising for your daily workflows can really provide you with huge benefits in the long run. By making it possible to seamlessly share files between my tablet and smartphone I did just that!
\nBy automating the synchronisation, it moves into the background. I no longer have to think about it as an advanced process involving different protocols, servers and apps. It just works, and that’s exactly how I like it!
\nAfter encountering the umpteenth ‘magic’ bug while managing my iPhone’s photos, I was done with it. Apple came a long way since it launched iPhoto (the predecessor of iCloud Photos). But for something as valuable as my personal memories, I want to be in full control. Read along to learn how I migrated my photo library away from the iCloud, using free, open source software.
\nDue to some luck (a relative won it in a lottery), I got my first digital camera in 2001. It was a 0.8 megapixel camera from Samsung: a Digimax 800K. In every way it was extremely limited: it was very slow, it had a lousy battery life, it lacked a display and its memory card could only fit approximately 12 photos.
\nDespite its limitations, I used this bad boy to take pictures. It captured some of my most interesting teenage memories. When I look at those pictures, it’s like visiting a museum... the “Willem museum”, ha!
\nFast forward a few years and my digital photo library grew significantly. Software of that day wasn’t designed to accommodate the ever growing digital memories. My Windows computer was very much an office tool.
\nWhen Steve Jobs introduced the iLife apps for Apple Macintosh in 2002 he described it as “It’s like Microsoft Office for the rest of your life.” It was specifically designed to as a center piece to manage your digital lifestyle: iTunes for music, iMovie for video, iPhoto for photos. It was designed to be easy and fun!
\nYou should watch the iLife introduction video, featuring Jony Ive and Phil Schiller. This was visionary stuff in 2002 (Windows Vista wasn’t invented yet!).
\nIn 2006 the Mac and its operating system were amazing: it looked like it came from the future. Translucent windows, colourful buttons, powerful software and a UNIX software basis.
\nEverything changed in 2007 when Steve Jobs introduced the original iPhone. The device was designed to be an iPod, a phone and an internet device all in one. Like the Mac and its accompanying iLife suite of software, the iPhone was designed to become a center piece of your digital life.
\nTogether with some buddies I went to Miami to get an iPhone (among other things)! I knew this device was the future and I wanted one badly. They weren’t sold in Europe and stock in the U.S. was extremely limited. We visited multiple Apple Stores in the early mornings hoping to find an iPhone in stock. There where people waiting with us - every morning. It was crazy.
\nUltimately we found some iPhones in a slightly shady store in some nearby mall. Gray market dealers made some pretty penny reselling unlocked iPhones. But it didn’t matter: I got an iPhone!
\nWhile the original iPhone’s camera wasn’t that great, things changed when the iPhone 4 came out. The fourth iPhone replaced my normal photo camera. Its high resolution “retina” display made the pictures pop on the iPhone. The 5 megapixel camera with autofocus wasn’t all that bad.
\nIn 2015 Apple introduced iCloud Photos and stopped developing iPhoto. It was not Apple’s finest hour as the new iCloud Photos had numerous problems. I decided to wait and to stick with the now abandoned iPhoto app.
\nEventually Apple greatly improved the Photos app, but its focus was no longer to be a digital hub that you control (like the Mac with iPhoto). Instead, Apple Photos is designed to be a service that fully controls your photos. I guess this is convenient for those folks that don’t want to be bothered with managing their own stuff. While Apple Photos still allows you to keep a local, offline, photo library, you’ll be getting a limited experience (riddled with bugs). Therefore the best way to use Apple Photos is by enabling the so called ‘iCloud Photo Library’.
\nWith iCloud Photos, all your photos are uploaded to Apple servers. While Apple arguably has the best reputation and policy when it comes to user privacy, it's still an American company doing big corporate stuff you don't control as simple user. It is something you should decide for yourself, but when it comes to my photos, I’d rather be responsible and in control myself. My distrust is not ungrounded: only recently the big (multi billion dollar) Adobe caused panic across photographers world wide when an update to their popular Lightroom app caused photos to disappear forever! Whatever cloud you’re using: always make a backup yourself!
\nOn various occasions I have been an advocate for free software. It is better because it offers you “free” as in freedom of speech (which is not the same as in “free beer”). Free software allows you to take control over your data, like your photos.
\nWhen you set out to look for an alternative for proprietary photo management apps, you have various free options:
\nBefore migrating your photo library you must make sure it is organised well and you have cleaned it. They sometimes say “if you put shit in, you’ll get shit out”. This is why I took the time to go through all my photos and remove those that I deemed duplicate, bad or unnecessary. By selecting and filtering your library, you’ll make any migration easier.
\nFor me this meant firing up an old MacBook to run an old copy of iPhoto. This enabled me to (rather aggressively) filter my photos. I removed many (near) duplicates, fuzzy ones and obvious meaningless photos. I took the time to do this, going through my photos a few hours per day for two weeks! Ultimately I reduced the number of photos by approximately 50%!
\nAfter cleaning my library, I upgraded it to Apple Photos. The latter runs better on modern Apple computers, like my powerful iMac. Using Apple Photos you can export the original masters all at once. Select (all) your photos and choose “File” > “Export unmodified originals”. I used sequential filenames with a manually set prefix. This enabled me to do batch renaming using EXIF creation dates in a later step. Exporting the originals will take some time depending on your library’s size.
\nWith my files freed from Apple Photos, the next step was to update all the individual filenames to a more meaningful something. I figured that a photo file with the date + time would be best. I opted for a YYYYMMDD-HH-MM template. I copied my files over to a computer that runs on GNU/Linux, offering me all kinds of terminal programs to do this. If you’re running on Windows or macOS you should be able to find the same (or similar) tools to do these things without Linux.
\nI used the exiftool available on GNU/Linux to do this, the exact command I used was: exiftool -d '%Y%m%d-%H%M%%-03.c.%%e' '-filenameCreateDate'. I ran this command on a powerful server that could go through the thousands of photos more quickly than my tablet.
\nAltough the modern HEIC image format (used by iPhones) is superior to JPG in terms of compression and image quality, it lacks support in many popular free software solutions. Support for HEIC is growing, but I wanted things to work well now. The easiest thing to do was to convert all my HEIC photos to JPG. To do this I used the ‘mogrify’ command that is part of the popular ‘imagemagick’ suite of tools available on pretty much any platform. As my photos where copied to a (powerful) server, I took advantage of the server's computing power by running the conversion there. The exact command I used was mogrify -format jpg *.HEIC”, don’t forget to remove the HEIC files after you’ve converted them to JPG.
\nAfter checking the various free software apps I selected Shotwell to be the new home of my photo library. It runs well on my tablet and it works well in combination with advanced apps like Darktable and GIMP. It can automatically import new photos, organise them by year and month, and provide me with quick ways to export my photos. This works best for me, but you might select a different application or method to organise your photos. The beautiful thing about free software is that you can decide for yourself what works best for you.
\nMy entire photo library now fits on a single Micro SD card (512GB) that I have put in my Surface tablet. If you look at the old memory cards (shown earlier) it makes you realise how far technology has come. I have encrypted the entire Micro SD card so that my photos remain private even if my SD card is lost or stolen.
\nAs my new photo library lives on the filesystem with no \"secret Apple magic\" obfuscating the photo files, I can now easily backup my photos by making copies of the photo directories. I do this using ‘rsync’, another command line tool that enables you to create incremental copies of directories and files. It will only copy new and modified files, which saves you a lot of time when you’re working with large libraries. You can use a task scheduler such as ‘cron’ to automate the backups. I automatically backup my photos to a server that I manage myself, which sits in a secure (and fire protected) data center.
\nPart of the appeal of the new iCloud Photos by Apple is that you can access your photos from any device, anywhere. I like this, too. Luckily, the server that I use to backup my photos can double as an ‘always on’-way to access my photos from pretty much any device. I can login to the server using the secure file transfer protocol, allowing me to browse my photo files. Alternatively you can setup protocols like WebDAV or SMB to access your files in even more ways.
\nIt is very easy to import new photos into Shotwell. Depending on the camera you use you can import wirelessly (using WiFi) or by using a simple cable. I have small USB-C cable in my bag that connects my camera to my tablet, allowing me to import new shots without any hassle. New shots are automatically copied to my server and from there become available on all devices I use.
\nOne final thing I wanted to achieve is to have access to all my photos from my iPhone using the native iOS Photos app. Although I can access all my photos through my server, the iOS Photos app is unparalleled in speed and ease of use.
\nIn addition, I think Apple has done a truly remarkable job with the on-device machine learning that enables you to search your photos based on what’s on them. Ask Siri for photos you took of watches, cars, bikes or whatever, and it will find them in your library. This works surprisingly well and it provides novel ways to rediscover old pictures.
\nBut it requires some sweet irony...: the only way to get this to work is to go back into the “photo jail”. In order for the iPhone's neural engine to do its job, all your photos have to be loaded to your device. Few people know however, that you can have your photos inside the iOS photos app without the need to have a desktop Apple Photos library!
\nMacOS provides you the ability to synchronise any directory containing photos with your iPhone. As the Mac is still very much UNIX based, setting up an automatic synchronisation with my server based photo repository was as easy as configuring a cron job that uses rsync to get new photos. Then you can setup your iPhone to automatically synchronise over WiFi once it is within range of your Mac. The only downside of this approach is that you still need a Mac to do this, although I suspect that you could - in theory - achieve this using by running macOS inside a virtual machine. I'll leave that for another time.
\nSome things require time, effort and energy to get right. For a long time I accepted my personal photo library to be in bad shape, held within the constrains of the modern Apple Photos that continues to nudge you to upload your everything into the iCloud. That has changed!
\nNow I am able to manage my photos using free software, enabling me to do it in exactly the way I deem fit. I took back control over my personal memories, and it feels great! The alternatives to Apple iCloud Photos are more than capable to do this - just take your time to do it right!
\nFun fact: many of the older photos that I used in this blog post where rediscovered because I took the time to go through my photos. You’ll be surprised by the hidden gems in your own photo library if you take the time to revisit them!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2020-08-31_free-from-the-icloud-escaping-apple-photos/", "title": "Free from the iCloud: Escaping Apple Photos ", "summary": "After encountering the umpteenth ‘magic’ bug while managing my iPhone’s photos, I was done with it. Apple came a long way since it launched iPhoto (the predecessor of iCloud Photos). But for something as valuable as my personal memories, I want to be in full control. Read along to learn how I migrated my photo library away from the iCloud, using free, open source software. ", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2020-08-31_free-from-the-icloud-escaping-apple-photos/Free-from-the-iCloud-Escaping-Apple-Photos-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2020-08-30T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2020-08-23_cleaning-a-vintage-watch/", "content_html": "This week I was cleaning my closet when I found an old watch. It came from my grandfather’s house. It looked like it had an adventurous live, full of wear and tear. I recognised that it had an automatic mechanical movement. Upon picking it up it almost instantly started running again. I wondered how cool it would be if I would gently clean it.
\nAfter my grandfather passed away we cleaned his house. Among the many (old) items was this Citizen Automatic watch. I did not know its story, but it clearly seemed like it went through things during its time on the wrist.
\nIt is an automatic mechanical watch from the 70’s (judging by it’s design and by looking up the reference numbers on the back). Back in the day a mechanical watch was something you would simply need; there were no smartphones and computers with abundant digital clocks. This was just before the so-called ‘Quartz Crisis’, which spurred a ton of cheap battery powered watches. The watch I found was a relic from a time gone by, with a mechanical heart that was still beating! How cool!
\nUnlike most smartwatches (that last only a few years), most mechanical watches were worn for many years. During their time on the wrist they picked up the signs of daily wear. This watch clearly went through its fair bit of beating around.
\nAs far as I could determine the watch was in original, unpolished or serviced condition. This is a good thing when it comes to watches. A vintage watch can lose all of its charm when it is polished or when characteristic parts such as the dial or hands are replaced by service parts. Hence, it’s no wonder that an original vintage piece commands a premium price on the watch market.
\nWhen you’re planning on cleaning a vintage watch you should be really careful. Old watches can be very fragile. Even though the casing may state texts like “waterproof” or “water resistant”, chances are that it no longer is protected against moisture. If in doubt, you should consider bringing your watch to a professional watch maker to have it cleaned and handled professionally.
\nIf you’re planning on doing it yourself, you should get yourself some watch tools. They can be found on the internet and they will enable you to open and close the watch without damaging it. Using the right tools it is easy to remove the bracelet from the watch head. This will allow you to more easily clean it (as a bracelet is better resistant against water).
\nThis watch had a ton of dirt inside the bracelet. You’ll often find dirt stacking up in between different links and parts. Over time, bracelets can become a flourishing microbial ecosystem, with germs, bacteria and other microscopic life.
\nYou can use different things to clean the bracelet and the watch head. I often use my electronic tooth brush (with a spare brush!) to easily remove dirt from between links. A bracelet can be cleaned using an ultra sonic bath, too. Be careful with the watch head as it houses the movement, use water sparsely (if at all).
\nI checked the mechanical movement on the inside of the watch to determine if the case was ever open to moisture or dust. If this is the case, you should have the movement serviced by a professional to prevent any (water / dust) damage from damaging the movement any further. As there are many steel parts, oxidation is a real danger to a mechanical movement. This watch looked clean on the inside, no signs of trouble and the automatic movement appeared to be in good condition!
\nIf you’re really adventurous, you can probably find technical schematics of common watch movements. They’re like the blueprint of the movement, allowing you to identify individual parts. Luckily, this watch movement was alright.
\nAfter carefully cleaning the watch I put it back together. Just like the vintage bike I cleaned earlier, I was amazed by the beauty that was hidden underneath the dirt. Cleaning it was a good thing to do!
\nObviously the plexi crystal is damaged, it has many scuffs and cracks. The good news is that you can easily have them replaced. But, I like things original and did not mind to leave it like this. I think it adds to the character of the watch and it has an interesting way of refracting (sun)light.
\nThanks to the modern wonders of the internet, you’ll be able to find many different straps and bands for your vintage watch. Fitting them is easy and they will often allow you to rediscover your old watch in new ways!
\nVintage watches are popular for their unique characteristics that evolved during their time on the wrist. Each watch tells a different story and this is what makes it interesting. Collectors love the fact it takes time for a watch to become the way it looks today. Countless tiny scratches and occasional scars tell the story of previous owners. One may even imagine inheriting some of the machismo of previous wearers.
\nIf you ever come across a nice vintage watch, you should handle it with respect and care. Consider signs of wear and tear to be something beautiful instead of something that should be refinished to factory conditions. If you want a new watch, buy one. Vintage watches are about the stories of their lifetime, handle them well and you might add a chapter of your own to their story!
\nThe tablet is at the frontier of mobile computing and its hardware form factor is evolving. This year Apple introduced a new Magic Keyboard for iPad that includes a trackpad. Everybody is raving about it, yet I think there is something to be said for the \"mouse-less\" Smart Keyboard Folio. Read along for some key differences.
\nIf you have been following my blog, you'll know that I am a fan of using a tablet as main computer. I have used different tablets with different operating systems to explore what works best (and why). A tablet is best for its own merit, being a tablet. I think it is a mistake to turn it into a laptop or desktop computer. This is why I think that the new Magic Keyboard is not universally an improvement over the older Smart Keyboard Folio.
\nThe Smart Keyboard Folio is the original keyboard for iPad, it is an lightweight folio that 'flaps around' the iPad like a protective case. It is made from a single piece of fabric-ish polymer. You can flap the keyboard onto the back, to handle the iPad like a tablet. The keys are integrated in the bottom flap, with no opening underneath them, this allows them to be water and dust resistant. The typing experience is like a \"love or hate\" affair, unlike most conventional keyboards.
\nThe new Magic Keyboard is Apple's latest and greatest companion product for iPad Pro. It is an advanced, metal enforced, folding stand that includes a keyboard and trackpad. It is extremely sturdy, and because of this it is heavier. You cannot use the iPad as a tablet when it is connected to the Magic Keyboard as its folding mechanism does not allow flapping around. The backlit keys have a conventional scissor mechanism, providing 1MM of key travel. The typing experience is superb, very much like an high-end laptop.
\nAside from weight, material and typing experience, the most obviously visible difference is the trackpad on the Magic Keyboard. Apple introduced pointer support in iPadOS 13 and more and more apps are supporting it. If you have ever touched an Apple laptop, you'll know that their glass trackpads are fantastic. The trackpad on the Magic Keyboard is no exception: it's great.
\nWhen asked if laptops and tablets would converge one day, Tim Cook (Apple's CEO) answered analysts:
\n\"I think anything can be forced to converge. The problem is that products are about trade-offs, and you begin to make trade-offs to the point where what you have left at the end of the day doesn't please anyone. You can converge a toaster and a refrigerator, but those things are probably not going to be pleasing to the user.\"
\nI think that years after Tim Cook said this, Apple did in fact create the proverbial \"Toaster Fridge\" when it added pointer support to iPad. Adding a mouse to an iPad is converging the tablet with a laptop. You'll loose the flexility of a full tablet experience, adding weight and bulk, while gaining little as pointer support remains optional (and partial) in iPadOS.
\nMake no mistake, the Magic Keyboard is brilliantly executed. It is an intriguing design that tries to bridge the gap between a tablet and laptop. The resulting product is highly complex (e.g. if you count the number of parts, engineering effort, etc). Yet, I can't help but think that this takes something away from the real tablet advantage: the need to reimagine your workflow instead of recreating old patterns.
\nA real laptop will offer you the very best of a desktop operating system. With highly precise pointer support, decently spacious trackpads and advanced application support. The MacBook Air (from € 1199) is a fantastic computer that will cost you less than an 12-inch iPad Pro with Smart Keyboard (€ 1119 + € 399 = € 1518).
\nIf you really want an iPad and a keyboard, you can still consider the Smart Keyboard Folio. As if Apple knows about the compromise in their latest product, the original Smart Keyboard Folio is still available. I have used both keyboards to write long texts, to work and to browse the web. Here's why I think the Folio isn't all that bad:
\nAs there is no trackpad on the Smart Keyboard Folio, you really need to use your fingers get around in iPadOS. If you're thinking in laptop paradigms, this may sound cumbersome: an ergonomic disaster and clumsy. If you however explore new ways to work with your content, you'll note that touch screens can be very useful when:
\nNaturally you could argue that all of the above is possible with the Magic Keyboard. While that's true, the availability of a trackpad will invite you to use it. If you do, the tablet touchscreen will always be an extra step away. Before you know it, you're using the iPad as a laptop.
\nMost people talk about key-this and key-that when talking about keyboards. Yet, most reviewers forget about the palm rests. When I am really into a piece of programming code or writing an article, my hands get warm - sometimes even a little sweaty. For this I like to have my hands rest at the table surface. Most of my desks are made from natural pieces of wood. I really like the feel of this. With a trackpad underneath the keyboard you're forced onto the plastic palm rests of the Magic Keyboard. Their plastic edge irritates my palms when I type for longer periods of time. The Smart Keyboard Folio allows my palms to rest on whatever comfortable surface I choose to work from.
\nTypical arguments for a mouse involve text and clicking buttons. How are you supposed to select text? Move the cursor? Click that button on a toolbar? Scroll a webpage? Most folks never take a minute to learn shortcuts, but if you do, you can actually save yourself quite a lot of time in the long run!
\nI would advise everybody to learn keyboard combinations and to learn navigating around text using the keyboard. In iPadOS, Apple made it easy to learn keyboard combinations for common actions. Just long-press the CMD button to reveal an app specific cheat-sheet of shortcuts.
\nYou don't need a mouse for navigating through text, making selections and copy/pasting around. Try this (in any app) and before you'll know it, you're moving the cursor at the speed of light:
\nIf you don't feel like touching the screen when you need to scroll a webpage, email, you can use the keyboard:
\nAfter having used both keyboards on my iPad Pro, I am convinced that I don't want to turn my tablet into a laptop. If I wanted a laptop I would have bought a MacBook.
\nThe key thing (pun intended) to take away from this post, is that you should ask yourself what it is you really want from the keyboard? Only you - dear reader - can answer that!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2020-08-11_the-best-keyboard-for-ipad/", "title": "The best keyboard for iPad", "summary": "The tablet is at the frontier of mobile computing and its hardware form factor is evolving. This year Apple introduced a new Magic Keyboard for iPad that includes a trackpad. Everybody is raving about it, yet I think there is something to be said for the \"mouse-less\" Smart Keyboard Folio. Read along for some key differences. ", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2020-08-11_the-best-keyboard-for-ipad/The-best-keyboard-for-iPad-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2020-08-10T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2020-07-31_influencing-purchase-behaviour/", "content_html": "This week I stumbled upon a brilliant report on how people make their purchase decision. For my work on the online food order app I am continuously looking into scientific sources to improve performance, conversion and online revenue. This report by Google discusses six biases influencing decision making. It's worth reading their full report, let me explain why.
\nThe buying decision process is the decision-making process used by consumers regarding market transactions before, during and after the purchase of a good or service. It has been subject of academic research for many decades. If you know how customers make their decisions, it might be possible to influence it for the positive.
\nCommon \"marketing speak\" often involves phrases like \"purchase funnel\", \"customer journey\", \"path to purchase\". In general this is all the same: buzzword bingo! Yet, this field of research has become increasingly important. The 2020 outbreak of the COVID-19 virus has emphasised online business incredibly.
\nThe report focuses on what the researches call the \"messy middle\", it sits between \"exploration\" and \"evaluation\" states. Consumers explore their options and expand their knowledge and consideration sets. Then (either sequentially, or simultaneously) they evaluate the options and narrow down their choices. It is modelled as a loop to describe the non-linear nature of the \"messy middle\", with its iterating between states until a purchase decision is made. The main question the researchers ask is what can you do to ensure that your product or service wins? How do you persuade someone to stop shopping around and actually buy what you're selling?
\n\n
It would seem that most behavioural scientists now agree that our decision-making apparatus involves both reason and emotion. It is not purely rational! From an extensive list of more than 300 principles that where codified over the past 50 years of academic behavioural sciences, the researches distilled a prioritised list of just 6 biases that they deemed closely associated with the explore and evaluate states from their model.
\nThe researchers used these biases as a basis for a large-scale (they're Google...) shopping experiment with real shoppers, simulating 310.000 purchase scenarios across financial services, retail, consumer packaged goods, utilities and travel.
\nWhat amazes me, is that you can have a fully fictional brand win significant market share if you apply the six biases simultaneously (e.g. creating a 'supercharged product'). Their results showed no less then 28% marked share in the worst case scenario, up to 87% for some categories like car insurances!
\nRead the full report for a complete understanding of the messy middle and the behavioural science principles the researches examined.
\nUse behavioural science principles to your advantage, not to trick the customer into forcing a decision, but by supporting their \"normal\" shopping process in an optimal way. Provide them with the information and reassurance they need to decide to buy from you (and live up to it)!
\nRennie, A, Protheroe, J., Charron, C., Breatnach, G. (2020). Decoding Decisions: Making sense of the messy middle, \"Think with Google\"
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2020-07-31_influencing-purchase-behaviour/", "title": "Influencing purchase behaviour", "summary": "This week I stumbled upon a brilliant report on how people make their purchase decision. For my work on the online food order app I am continuously looking into scientific sources to improve performance, conversion and online revenue. This report by Google discusses six biases influencing decision making. It's worth reading their full report, let me explain why.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2020-07-31_influencing-purchase-behaviour/Influencing-purchase-behaviour-800px.png", "date_modified": "2020-07-30T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2020-07-30_upgrading-a-27-inch-imac-5k-to-14-terabytes/", "content_html": "This month I did an attempt to upgrade my 27-inch iMac 5K. I wanted to replace the fusion drive with a SSD and a large hardisk. In addition I decided this was a good time to upgrade the RAM memory as well, maxing it out at 64GB. I was on a mission to create the ultimate iMac, but things didn't go to plan!
\nThe original iMac was introduced in 1998, it's announcement was not without controversy or anticipation. At that time Apple had suffered a series of setbacks and it was in bad shape. Steve Jobs returned to Apple and Jonathan Ive designed the iMac. The iMac needed to be a grand success in order to save Apple. It did!
\nUnlike most other computer vendors of those days, the iMac was designed to be fun and friendly. No complexity, no hassle, no need to be a geek. It put Apple back on track to become the most valuable consumer electronics company it is today.
\nToday's iMac is still very much based on the same concept: a fun and friendly computer. There is only one cable to connect (the power cable) and you don't need a PhD in computer science to set it up. All the computer components are fitted immediately behind the display, creating a slim unified design that tilts up and down on a simple metal base.
\nThe iMac of today is an impressive computer, mainly because of its gorgeous high resolution display. The 5K retina display is super sharp and it produces accurate colours. Combined with the many options for storage and processors, it makes a very solid case for the ultimate all-in-one computer. Hence, this is why the iMac is Apple's \"hero\" on the desktop.
\nBut the upper echelon models don't come cheap: if you fully spec the iMac Pro model, you'll need € 16.308! Then you have an incredible machine that will easily last for years. For many professionals this is a 'no brainer'. But for me, it's a lot of money. So, how about a little do-it-myself, I thought? Would it be possible to take my base model iMac and upgrade it into higher stratospheres? How hard can it possibly be...?
\nUpgrading an iMac is not easy. My simple advice would be: don't do it yourself. See an expert, buy a ready-to-go upper spec model. It's easier, safer, and you'll save plenty of time that you can use to earn the extra cash needed to pay for it. Naturally I ignored any such friendly advice... and went into the deep with my crazy plan.
\nThe first step is to make sure that you have updated all the software on your iMac. Make sure it runs well. Then you should make a complete backup of everything. Consider \"everything lost\" when you're going to do any adventurous tinkering. Then you should determine the exact model you have. You can find this using \"About this Mac\" in macOS, look for the model number. My iMac 27-inch (2017) had the model number \"18,3\".
\nWith the exact model number you can start your quest for upgrade parts. There are various shops and online stores offering upgrades. Many of them come with a set of tools, instruction videos and an healthy dosis of \"good luck, you're on your own\"-conditions. I opted for the fastest, biggest PCIe SSD, and a set of maximum RAM from the friendly folks of other world computing.
\nUpgrading the RAM memory is fairly easy as the iMac has a special hatch near its power connector that provides access to the RAM modules. I upgraded the RAM first to be able to check if the new modules were allright. This is important to know as the next steps are significantly more risky. Knowing that the RAM works makes it easier to identify possible other problems.
\nIf your iMac has a Fusion drive you should know that this is not a single device. In fact, a fusion drive are two distinct parts acting 'as one' by a software trick. If you intend to replace either one of them you should \"decouple the fusion\" before taking the iMac apart. You can do this using some terminal commands.
\nFor my upgrade I intended to replace the Fusion drive's 32GB SSD with a very fast 2TB PCIe SSD. This would provide enough, yet very fast \"work\" storage. In addition to the ultra fast work drive I opted for a very large 12TB \"archive\" disk. This would house files I do not access on a hourly basis. By upgrading both parts of the original Fusion drive I would achieve the best of both worlds.
\nThis is where the real adventure starts: the iMac can only be opened using a special roller blade that cuts through the adhesive strips that keeps the display connected to the aluminium enclosure. You should really watch some YouTube instruction videos before you do any attempt.
\nThe gorgeous 5K retina display is very fragile. You should take special care when you attempt to remove the large glass panel from the enclosure. If you order a complete upgrade kit, chances are that you receive some suction caps to help you lift the display. Make sure you don't pull the display too far as there are two cables connecting it to the main logic board. You need to carefully detach them before you can remove the panel.
\nAfter you have removed the glass panel you should take the time to remove any remaining adhesive strips. This is a fairly simple process - a welcome chance to breathe again after the nerve breaking step of removing the glass.
\nOnce you have removed the panel you can see the innards of the iMac in full glory. If you have read Steve Jobs' biography (by Walter Isaacson) you know why the inside of the iMac looks beautiful, too. His father was a carpenter that paid equal attention to the parts that one could not see, like the rear panels of a piece of furniture. The mere thought that hidden parts would be ugly, cheap or messy was unacceptable for him. If you buy an Apple computer you should know that all parts (visible and invisible) got the same level of attention.
\nThe hardest part to reach inside the iMac is the PCIe slot where the SSD should be installed. Before you can access it you have to remove nearly all components from the iMac. This is a really cumbersome operation, involving many different (super tiny) screws. Take your time, follow a guide, don't rush yourself.
\nAfter all the parts are removed from the enclosure, you can simply flip the logic board over to gain access to the PCIe slot. Here there is one last screw that keeps the factory installed SSD in place.
\nAfter installing the new drive you have to reverse the entire process to see if your handy work was any good. You have to put back all parts before you can power on the iMac to see if the new parts get recognised correctly. This means you really have to be patient, take your time to put back all the (tiny) parts and connectors.
\nAfter putting back all the parts, cables, screws and connectors I powered on the iMac. This is the moment of truth... will it work? Well..., in my case: NO!!
\nWhen you see the folder with a question mark you should be able to start the recovery process by CMD+R or CMD+OPTION+R. But my iMac did not respond to keyboard input. I connected a wired USB keyboard to exclude any Bluetooth connection problems. It did not work... o oooh!
\nThen I tried to create a bootable USB recovery drive using another MacBook. Perhaps that getting in the installation process would enable me to get the keyboard working again. But the recovery drive was not recognised either!
\nIn a last attempt I connected a bootable Debian GNU/Linux installation drive that I used to create my own tablet OS earlier. I was stupefied when the iMac did recognise that drive. WHAT?
\nUnfortunately I could not get the keyboard to work, although the iMac would boot the Debian GNU/Linux installer I could not communicate with it. This was hugely frustrating. I decided to open the iMac again to see if I had made any mistakes during the hardware upgrade... repeating all the steps again! Once I got to the PCIe slot I noticed that the drive was not entirely snug into the slot: you can see that the copper connector is partly visible.
\nI reinstalled the new PCIe drive and made sure it was installed correctly. Again I had to reassemble the entire iMac to test if this would make any difference. I feared that my mistake could have caused an electrical surge, causing permanent damage to the iMac.
\nTo my great disappointment it did not make any difference. Believe it or not, I repeated this process for at least 5 times with different configurations:
\nAnd yes, that meant assembling and disassembling the iMac 5 more times... you gotta love tiny screws!
\nAt this stage I pretty much assumed that I had caused permanent damage to the main logic board. The misfitted PCIe SSD probably damaged some internal chip that is responsible for USB connectivity. I only know \"so much\" and before calling it a loss I wanted to double check if there was not one more thing I should have done. So I visited the doctor, the Apple Premium Service Provider.
\nNaturally this feels like a walk of shame, taking your wounded iMac into the workshop and confessing the horror you did to it. Luckily, the local expert seemed to agree with me about my diagnosis: a damaged logic board. The bad news, a new logic board (excluding installation) will cost you € 750-ish... with no guarantee that would solve the issue. After I thanked Microfix for their time and expertise, I brought back my wounded aluminium friend, indecisive of what my next step would be.
\nInspired by my recent success on eBay, I tried to find a replacement logic board for my iMac. There are sellers outside Apple's official network that offer parts for refurbishing computers. Perhaps that one of these shops would have an exactly matching logic board in stock.
\nA seller in Ireland happened to have just the right part in stock. I contacted them upfront to verify if I was indeed right when thinking this was the right part for me. They confirmed and shipped the logic board. Few days later it arrived and - hooray hooray - I could start disassembling again!
\nAlthough the logic board was entirely new, it did not have a processor installed. That meant that I had to remove the processor from my faulty logic board. In a normal computer this is difficult enough, but on an iMac with integrated heatsinks it is a little extra challenging. Luckily my \"screwing skills\" where perfected by now.
\nAfter I transplanted the processor onto the new logic board I reattached the heatsink. Then I installed the PCIe SSD, double, triple, quadruple checking it. As I had clear access to it, I moved the RAM memory to the new logic board, too. Finally I had to reassemble the entire iMac once more to see if I had any more luck this time.
\nIt took quite some determination to save the iMac from my mistake. But I really wanted the computer to survive as I really like its design and display. I would have felt guilty if I had let it go to waste.
\nIf there is one thing to take away from this post is that not all things I do are successful. I make mistakes and screw up (pun intended) every now and then. Giving up and calling it a day is sometimes the best thing to do. But I didn't and ultimately that is what made this computer work again. Happy me.
\n\nThis month my trustworthy Giro Aeon bicycle helmet broke down! Normally I wouldn't hesitate to invest in safety and thus buying a new one. But I like the Aeon helmet so much that I went through some extra trouble to fix it. Read along to see how I did it.
\nThe Giro Aeon was once the top of the range from the American Giro brand. I bought it in 2016 and it has been my companion on the bike ever since. It is one of the lightest helmets available at around 190 grams. With 24 vents, coupled with internal channeling, the Giro Aeon is one of the better helmets in terms of keeping your head cool on hot days.
\nInside the helmet is the so called \"Roc Loc 5\" fixation system. It is a set of lightweight plastic straps and tightening wheels that allow you to fit the helmet precisely to your head. Unfortunately the Roc Loc 5 system in my helmet got damaged: one of the plastic connections got broken.
\nI tried to fix the plastic connection by glueing it. Instead of a simple joint, I tried to maximise my glue attempt by wrapping the plastic connection in another piece of (thin) plastic. It didn't work and it is a bad idea. You should never try to fix your helmet by glueing or taping it together again. Helmets are designed to sustain certain impacts. If you change the way it's fixed to your head, you'll effectively change the dynamics that give the helmet its protective characteristics. When it comes to safety you should never do this. I tried it because I thought it was better than no helmet, just for a few single rides... Just don't!
\nThe only other thing I could think of was replacing the faulty Roc Loc 5 system. When the helmet was new this would have been easy peasy. Just order a new part \"et voila\". But Giro does not produce the Aeon anymore, and conveniently enough newer models do not use the Roc Loc 5 system... this smells like planned obsolescence to me, bleh!
\nThere my hunt for a replacement part started. Boy, I did find a lot of product listings, but upon close inspections nearly all these product pages indicated the Roc Loc 5 being 'out of stock'. But... if anything fails, try eBay!
\nBecause of the very few remaining sellers that offer the Roc Loc 5 system, I took my chance and ordered from this eBay seller. Oh, and yes did I buy a few of them, ha! Shipping (due to COVID-19) took nearly an entire month! My Roc Loc 5 travelled through 3 different States in the U.S. before it arrived in The Netherlands... :-)
\nOnce you've found yourself a replacement part, installing it isn't that hard. Just make sure you take some photos before you remove the original Roc Loc 5. It makes it easier to put back the strap in the right place.
\nWhile my new Roc Loc 5 was shipping, I did find another store selling new old stock paddings for my Aeon helmet. A fresh set of paddings would make my helmet feel (and smell) new again!
\nAfter hunting down parts from the other side of the world, my helmet is on my head again! Hooray! Agreed, one could wonder if it was worth all the effort, but I really like my helmet.
\nI really hate so see an otherwise fine product go to waste. This world has enough garbage already, if you want to make a difference, you should consider fixing things more often!
\nPast weeks I have been working on a new app involving personal health. The main challenge is to come up with an intuitive, natural interface that works well on small touch screen devices. But what is it that makes an touch screen interface any good? Read along for some best practices.
\nTraditional PC application interfaces have been primarily designed and developed with distinct input devices in mind, like the keyboard and mouse. Many conventions, best practices and design patterns have their link to this past. This is all fine when you are desiging an app for traditional PC's, but chances are that your target audience is using modern touch screen devices these days. It would be a mistake to recreate the old UI on modern touch screen devices!
\nModern touch screen devices enable interactions to become more natural as they eliminate the need for input devices such as the mouse. The device is the input button: on screen elements can be easily manipulated for direct and immediate interactions, using touch and gestures.
\nA finger is a lot larger than a pointy mouse cursor, this requires a different approach to sizing interface elements. Interactive elements should be big enough to be touched, with ample margins between them. Targets to close together increase the likelihood of error.
\nDepending on what you're building, chances are that you will need some kind of text or numeric input at some stage. The easy (and wrong) way to do this is to simply show a complete virtual keyboard. Instead of recreating a virtual recreation of the past (the physical keyboard) you should take the opportunity to rethink what you're asking the user. Depending on this input context you should then show a minimal keyboard that only offers those keys that are relevant.
\nWhere traditional PC applications often have their toolbars on top of the windows, replicating this on a touch screen device would cause the hands to obstruct the remainder of the screen. In addition to keeping the contents of the screen visible, you should also consider the ergonomics of handling the device. Frequently used buttons should preferably be placed near the natural position of the fingers.
\nForget interface elements, such as navigation structures, that rely on hovering. Most touch screens do not register fingers floating above the glass. Neither can you rely on tool tips to explain functionality of your interface. A touch screen UI should be clear to the user at first glance.
\nDesigning for touch interaction is something you should - above all - approach as something creative. Instead of recreating the old, you should be thinking of all the possibilities the new offers.
\nWhen I created the Snake 97 game for touch screen devices I recreated the old input mechanism with painstaking attention to detail. While I think this is fun, it is arguably bad UI design as it totally ignores all the possibilities offered by the new technology. It's no surprise then that games like Angry Birds are so successful as they take full advantage of the natural interaction made possible by touch.
\nOne influential professor once asked me: \"But is it fun, Willem?\". When you are designing for touch, you should really consider this question. If you answer it with \"YES!\" then you should consider yourself on the right track.
\nYou should be reimagining interaction instead of recreating old things. Sure, not everything old is bad; but it would be a mistake to ignore the potential good that modern technology enables!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2020-06-24_some-thoughts-on-touch-screen-user-interface-design/", "title": "Some thoughts on touch screen user interface design", "summary": "Past weeks I have been working on a new app involving personal health. The main challenge is to come up with an intuitive, natural interface that works well on small touch screen devices. But what is it that makes an touch screen interface any good? Read along for some best practices.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2020-06-24_some-thoughts-on-touch-screen-user-interface-design/Some-thoughts-on-touch-screen-user-interface-design-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2020-06-23T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2020-06-17_tudor-black-bay-36-long-term-review/", "content_html": "For the past six months I have been wearing the same watch, pretty much every day and night. It's a Tudor Black Bay 36 watch in steel, with a black dial. I like minimal (yet functional) design that lasts, this watch certainly ticks the right boxes. Read along to find out how wearable a smaller watch is in daily practice.
\nTudor is the secondary brand of Rolex, it's founder Hans Wilsdorf was very clear that the purpose of the Tudor watch company was about \"making a watch that our agents could sell at a more modest price than our Rolex watches, and yet one that would attain the standard of dependability for which Rolex is famous\".
\nFast forward to today and you'll find the Tudor brand very much alive, refreshed and fully firing on all cylinders. Modern Tudor watches provide excellent value, with quality fit and finish.
\nIf you are a regular visitor of this website, you'll know that I like minimal design. Things that are designed like this don't scream for attention, they'll fade into the background in a reliable, predictable, functional way. The Tudor Black Bay 36 is very much like that: unremarkable on a photo, yet very dependable and practical on the wrist.
\nThe watch features a glossy black dial and a non-rotating smooth bezel. It gives it a smooth appearance, devoid of visual clutter and unessecary decoration. There is subtile silver printing on the dial, and the indexes are composed of a triangle at 12, batons at 3/6/9 and dots for the rest. The watch features the so-called \"snowflake\" hands that have a cult following thanks to legendary historic timepieces worn by special units in various militaries. It's a subtle hint to Tudor's heritage. The watch strikes a very nice balance between elegance and sportiness. I think it is a timeless timepiece.
\nJust like early Tudor watches, this Black Bay 36 follows the classic lines of the (Rolex) Oyster case - which is heralded as a masterpiece in horological design. It gets its name from the waterproofness, like an oyster shell closing itself to protects its innards against the sea. It sits beautifully on the wrist.
\nAlthough 36MM could be considered a small watch size for men by modern standards, the watch's incredible balance makes you forget about millimeters once you'll start wearing it. Yes, it is smaller, but it makes the watch unobtrusive in a way that few modern timepieces are.
\nThe Black Bay 36 is powered by the ETA 2824 automatic movement. For those unfamiliar with mechanical movements, this means that the watch runs without batteries. It's one of the advantages over modern smartwatches. The watch 'charges' by your body's movement. It has been calibrated by Tudor to keep time accurately (my watch has a -1.5/2.0s a day). Some watch enthousiasts are favouring inhouse movements these days. Yet, owning a watch with a very common movement, like the ETA 2824, has the practical advantage that you pretty much have the guarantee that somebody will be able to service it in the future. This ensures longevity and future reparability, and I really like that - as I hate planned obsolescence.
\nFor the past six months I have worn the watch during pretty much everything I do:
\nThanks to the legendary Oyster case you can be very comfortable when you take this watch in or near a pool. The metal bracelet is perfectly waterproof, too. Other models in Tudor's Black Bay watch lineup are dive watches; this watch carries the same pedigree in a compact package.
\nBecause of the watch being a little smaller than most contemporary men's watches, it wears a little lighter on the wrist, too. This is especially nice when you wear your watch while sporting. Don't worry about sweating, it's easy to clean as you can simply keep it on when you take your shower. During my bike rides I really didn't mind wearing the little Tudor.
\nThe Oyster case is accompanied by the Oyster bracelet. It fits the watch perfectly. Unlike most Rolex bracelets that feature shiny polished center links, this Tudor's bracelet is fully brushed. When you wear it, you immediately feel why Rolex is famous for their bracelets: they are comfortable, yet very strong and precisely engineered.
\nIf you are looking for a perfect everyday watch, a reliable timepiece that strikes a nice balance between formal and sporty? Look no further, the Tudor Heritage Black Bay 36 is it!
\nWhile wearing it for six months I really learned to appreciate it's understated appearance. Don't let the small(ish) 36MM size hold you back: there is greatness in this fine little watch!
\nAs part of the food ordering app I am building, I needed to design a reliable way to link the app to external systems. These external systems are beyond my direct control and include different checkout registers, kitchen management systems and ticket printers. Read along for more on designing for the unknown and unreliable.
\nThe app I am building is Lemmid Store, it is a user friendly app that allows people to place (and pay for) takeaway food orders. You can find all posts on Lemmid Store here.
\nThe need to connect to external systems is driven by the desire to integrate the food ordering app into the business processes related to the food delivery service. Think of things like:
\nYou may not realise it, but connecting to external systems can be tricky. If you think of the ordering app as a kind of \"engine\" (like in your car), you essentially want to integrate this engine with external parts. As you can imagine, not all parts are equally suitable to fit under the figurative hood. To make matters even more challenging: you do not know for sure how reliable the external parts are. You must design your integration in such a way that different external parts can be connected easily and that performance is independent on the reliability of these external parts.
\nLike with a combustion engine, you must consider fit and reliability when connecting integrating your software with external systems. You cannot assume that external software:
\nTo design for this rather grim view on external connections, I thought it was a good idea to let the main backend server of my food ordering app offload the responsibility for connecting with external systems to a purpose built 'connector server'. The connector server would then independently connect to the external system. This way the main server only communicates with 'first party' parts and systems, minimising risks of misfits and possible downtimes.
\nIn practice this means that the 'connector server' is actually a different machine, running its own software stack. There are a few important advantages to this segmentation:
\nHowever tempting it is to simply bolt on new and fancy parts to your app, you must carefully consider your setup to make sure it will perform reliable.
\nDesigning backend server software to connect with external API's is challenging. You must hope for the best, but design for the worst!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2020-06-12_linking-lemmid-store-with-kitchens/", "title": "Linking Lemmid Store with kitchens", "summary": "As part of the food ordering app I am building, I needed to design a reliable way to link the app to external systems. These external systems are beyond my direct control and include different checkout registers, kitchen management systems and ticket printers. Read along for more on designing for the unknown and unreliable.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2020-06-12_linking-lemmid-store-with-kitchens/Linking-Lemmid-Store-with-kitchens-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2020-06-11T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2020-05-25_different-ways-to-visualise-health/", "content_html": "This month I did some research into how health is visualised in fitness apps and games. For a new app involving personal health I am looking for an intuitive way to visualise how healthy one person is. There are many colourful approaches out there!
\nThe app I am working on is still very much under development, but it provides a way to calculate how much risk you have on a cardio vascular event, like a heart attack or illness. For this app I am looking for a modern, fresh way to visualise this risk / health ratio.
\nI looked at various health and fitness apps to see how they visualise health. In addition to these \"serious\" apps I thought it would be fun to look at games, too. Game designers sometimes have find creative ways to visualise health. It can be a good source of inspiration for the app I'm working on.
\nAs companion app to the Apple Watch, the Activity app is the central hub for everything the Apple Watch measures with regard to personal health and fitness tracking.
\nThings to take away:
\nThe Biostrap app is the way to access data collected by the Biostrap sensor.
\nThings to take away:
\nUsing the Pillow app users can analyse their sleep. The app works with Apple Watch to collect sleep data such as heart rate and body movement.
\nThings to take away:
\nThe Whoop app allows access to data collected by the Whoop sensor. The app consolidates large quantities of data into two main metrics \"strain\" and \"recovery\".
\nThings to take away:
\nNintendo's Mario is possibly the worlds most famous game character. The Japanese game company is known for their creativity and friendliness in their game design.
\nThings to take away:
\nPossibly one of the most legendary first person shooters is Doom from 1993. This video game by ID Software greatly influenced many other games, it's an absolute classic.
\nThings to take away:
\nBy looking at different apps and games you can get an idea of how to design health visualisation yourself. This is certainly something that helped me understand how to visuale health.
\nVisualising health is done in various ways, but there are common themes across most of the apps and games. Circulair graphics and bright (neon) colours are often used. It's funny to realise that game design overlaps with the design of the more serious heath and fitness apps. Therefore I think I need to spent more hours gaming, purely for work of course. :-)
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2020-05-25_different-ways-to-visualise-health/", "title": "Different ways to visualise health", "summary": "This month I did some research into how health is visualised in fitness apps and games. For a new app involving personal health I am looking for an intuitive way to visualise how healthy one person is. There are many colourful approaches out there!", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2020-05-25_different-ways-to-visualise-health/Different-ways-to-visualise-health-800px.png", "date_modified": "2020-05-24T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2020-05-11_scalable-application-design-without-magic/", "content_html": "As part of the online food ordering app I'm building, I needed to design a scalable backend infrastructure that could handle lots of concurrent users. Scalability is considered a hard problem to tackle. Often it's presented like it's something magical, done by million dollar companies using secret tools. But, there is no such thing as magic, or is there?
\nIf you're building an app, you probably start very small. Just a few users (or only you, the developer) that work with the app. Everything will be jolly good: the app works well, fast and there are no problems. (cherish this feeling!)
\nIn this early and small scenario the single server that runs the app can handle the user interacting with it. Every time the user taps or clicks a button, the single server does some work. If you program well, these workloads can be optimised into efficient chunks of work. Doing it like this is a typical example of a monolithic software architecture.
\nEven if your project or app is rather small, at some point there may be an influx of users. If your system can't support high loads, it has high chances of failure.
\nBecause of the monolithic app design, all users interact with the same server. All their interaction (taps, clicks, input) is handled by this server. With an increased load it has to work a lot harder. At a certain point, you will notice things slowing down because the server cannot keep up with the amount of work it has to do. This means your app does not scale well, in other words: you're in trouble.
\nNot scaling well is a big problem that nobody should underestimate. Most apps (and their business models) rely on high volumes with little revenue per individual user. If you want your app to be a (financial) success, you need to make sure it works well when there is a sudden increase of traffic. If your app crashes when it suddenly gets the attention of the masses, you'll miss a 'one-in-a-lifetime' opportunity for (organic) growth.
\nIn a way designing for scalability is like keeping your seatbelts fastened when you're sitting in your self-built rocket ship, featuring experimental engines. You never quite know exactly when it will ignite, but when it does you'd better make sure you sit tight (and enjoy the ride!).
\nA lot has been written on building scalable apps, common ways to improve scalability are:
\nThe best thing you can do is to consider all of these options. Even if you're not adding more servers right away, you should write your code to support it later on. Benchmarking and optimising your code should be an integral part of your work, not just an afterthought.
\nWhen you have considered all the common ways to achieve scalability, there is \"one more thing\".
\nFew developers consider this: the scalability problem contains the solution! When you have 1000 users, you have 1000 computers with powerful CPU's and lots of memory. Modern computers and smartphones have become increasingly capable.
\nYou simply have to find a way to tap into the client's computing power. While it may sound like an evil thing (using the user's computing power), it will provide them with a much better, faster, experience. What's best is that their computing power will be spent on their fantastic experience, solving your scalability problem as happy side effect.
\nBy leveraging the user's computing power, you reduce the amount of work the server has to do. Instead of the server doing a little work every time the user taps or clicks a button, this work is now mostly done by the user's device. This is more efficient than communicating over a Wifi/4G connection with a server (saving battery power and time).
\nIt requires a little re-thinking, but this principle can be applied to web applications too. Instead of handling all things on the server, you can perform a lot of work on the client. Things like searching, browsing, filtering, navigating and even adding things to a shop cart can be done using client side JavaScript. You - dear developer - have to look for ways to make this work, but if you succeed you'll have near infinite scalability at your fingertips.
\nFor the food ordering app I looked for ways to leverage the client's computing power to achieve high performance. The main challenge with delivery and takeaway orders is that they peak around diner time. Lots of people use the app around the same time, this is a recipe for scalability problems.
\nIf you think of ordering food online, you can break the entire process into smaller chunks:
\nMost of these steps can be programmed in such a way that the server is not necessary. Only step 1 (loading) and step 7 (paying) require contact with the backend infrastructure. It is important to realise that steps 2 to 5 are repeated multiple times, as it's common for users to add multiple products to their order.
\nBy separating the remaining workload by task, the software can be further optimised. The \"product server\" is optimised to serve static assets (texts, prices, images) that allow the client to create the product browsing experience. You can highly optimise this kind of server, by leveraging caching, HTTP/2, compression, etc.
\nOnly those users that complete the ordering process will be forwarded to the \"order server\" which handles the payment. It will connect to the payment provider. Once a payment is completed, the payment provider will contact the order server to inform it about the payment status. This is something you want to take full (server side) control over, as I did when I designed a payment system earlier. The remaining workload on the \"order server\" is much smaller as not everybody will place an order, and much of its order processing work can be done in the background.
\nTo maximise scalability you can easily add multiple servers (or use a content delivery network) to serve the static assets. For the food ordering app I use a separate \"product server\" per restaurant. This enables high performance and reduces loading times. People notice it's fast, some can't believe it's web technology, it's almost magical.
\nDesigning a scalable application can be done without magic or million dollar budgets. You just have to think it through and look for opportunities that present themselves along with the challenges.
\nThe problem contains the solution. Dealing with lots of concurrent users is not just a problem: they bring their own computing power, it's the solution! You just have to use it.
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2020-05-11_scalable-application-design-without-magic/", "title": "Scalable application design without magic", "summary": "As part of the online food ordering app I'm building, I needed to design a scalable backend infrastructure that could handle lots of concurrent users. Scalability is considered a hard problem to tackle. Often it's presented like it's something magical, done by million dollar companies using secret tools. But, there is no such thing as magic, or is there?", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2020-05-11_scalable-application-design-without-magic/Scalable-application-design-without-magic-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2020-05-10T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2020-05-01_designing-an-interface-for-a-food-ordering-page/", "content_html": "Online ordering pages are more important than ever before. The COVID-19 virus, the resulting lockdowns and the social distancing rules have emphasised the need for a well-designed webshop user interface. This is surprisingly hard to get right!
\nYou might not realise it when you choose your pizza or french fries at your favourite takeaway restaurant, but ordering food is actually quite hard from an user interface design perspective. You must consider:
\nOn top of this you must consider that about 80% of all this user interaction is done on a very small screen. This limits the amount of space available for buttons, toggles and switches. It's hard to get right and I was not surprised to see many existing apps and order pages fail to address this in an elegant manner.
\nWhenever I face a complex design challenge I often start by sketching. I use an tablet as main computer that enables me to explore ideas by drawing them. Obviously you can use old fashioned paper, too. What's important is that you visualise your thinking, as it will unveil possibilities and limitations of your concept.
\nThe sketch above shows my initial idea for the interface. You can see an image, a title, a product description, the price, plus and minus buttons and a box containing the number of products you've bought. It might seem like a good (and simple) start, but this design is flawed because:
\nSketch in the context of a smartphone and you'll quickly see where your design is wrong. In the second sketch (above) you'll see only two products listed on the ordering page, yet the number of visible buttons (plus / minus) is already double of that. Always exposing multiple buttons per product is clearly a bad idea, especially if you're dealing with a lot of products.
\nIn order to come up with something more elegant I tried imagining ordering dinner in a actual restaurant. I discovered that the waiter actually fulfils an important part of the puzzle: he or she responds to your choice by asking product specific questions. For instance, when I order steak, the waiter would ask me how I would like to have it cooked.
\nThe trick is that only those questions are asked that are relevant to your selection. This helps when two persons (at the same table) order the same product, the personal approach allows for different customisations per person.
\nIf you would try to capture this two step interaction in an user interface you could design a list/detail mode. Answering product specific questions is done in \"detail mode\", whereas the \"list mode\" offers a compact (yet informative) overview of the different products.
\nOften the waiter in a restaurant completes the order taking by offering a summary of what has been ordered by all the different persons at a given table. This summarising is a very important (last) step before the order is send to the chef.
\nOn the online ordering page this last step would work, too. It would function as a last check before you place the order. Following the real world analogy then leads to a simple 3 step food ordering user interface:
\nDesigning a food ordering page is challenging because of the many different variables that you need to accommodate on a very small screen. Great design takes this complexity and makes it simple.
\nIf you design an interface, it can be very useful to apply some real world thinking. Come up with a different analogy or metaphor. Seeing the ordering page as a \"virtual restaurant waiter\" helped me to come up with a simple three step design. I eventually implemented this design and it works fantastically!
\nFor the past few months I have been riding a special kind of bike, the minimalistic Siegfried Road from Schindelhauer. It is unlike most road bikes as it lacks a conventional chain and derailleur. It features the Gates CDX carbon drive. It's an exercise in minimal design. After riding it for nearly 1000KM, it's time to tell you all about it.
\nSince 2009 the Berlin based Schindelhauer has been designing bikes that are technologically advanced yet straightforward. They value good design and practicability, their minimalistic bikes are built for everyday use.
\nThey use high-quality parts that are meant to last. From the very beginning Schindelhauer developed bikes with a Gates Carbon Belt drive.
\nAlthough my commuter bike is still going strong, I wondered what it would be like if one would design a road bike with the Gates Carbon Belt Drive. Schindelhauer designed such a bike, the Siegfried Road.
\nAdhering to the good Velominati rule #58, I supported the local bike shop and ordered the Siegfried Road to be delivered in Amsterdam, by Kaptein Tweewielers. It's a fabulous shop in downtown Amsterdam, if you're a local and in the need for some road bike advice you should check them out.
\nThe Siegfried Road comes with a high quality, brown leather, Brooks Swift saddle, an absolute legend with lots of history. The bike comes with matching brown leather bar tape.
\nAlthough I appreciate the quality, I did not like the retro vibe of the brown colour. I couldn't help but feel that the bike would benefit from a little modernist touch, while staying respectful to the overall minimal design. Leave it to me to take a brand new bike apart...
\nIt's amazing what you can learn from YouTube, replacing the bar tape takes a little practice but it's not that hard to do. I removed one of the cranks to install a power meter and fitted a Wahoo speed sensor to work with my favourite bike computer app.
\nChanging the tires on a bike with a belt drive can be a little tricky as the belt should not be 'flexed' in any direction. By loosening the rear axle it becomes possible to create just enough clearance to carefully take the belt from the sprocket. I installed the very dependable, durable, black, Schwable Durano Plus tires.
\nI replaced the Swift saddle with a high quality Brooks Cambium C13 carbon saddle and installed Look carbon click pedals. After some hours of tinkering on my new bike, I endend up with what one could call: \"Siegfried Road with a touch of Willem\"
\nIf you think it looks great, you're not alone. Over the past 1000 kilometers I have received numerous remarks from fellow cyclists, inquiring what bike it is that I'm riding. People notice the lack of screaming colours and decals. Its minimal design stands out in a good way.
\nIf you like cycling, you probably know that it can clear your mind in a very refreshing way. Some say that riding your bike has a therapeutic effect, an exercise of mindfulness during your workout.
\nThe Siegfried Road is a single speed bike, I ride it in the so-called 'fixie'-configuration: where the drive train is fixed to the pedals, enforcing the pedals to rotate as the bike moves. You'd be surprised how much mental effort you unconsciously allocate to the continuous process of selecting the right gear while cycling.
\nRiding a fixed gear bike means that \"you're always in the right gear\", you just have to pedal a little harder or faster. It takes a little time to get used to. Some cyclist describe riding a fixed gear bike as something that makes them feel \"more connected\" to the cycling. I kind of understand what they mean with that. It's nice, in a therapeutic, tranquil way.
\nThe Gates Carbon drive on a road bike like the Siegfried is a perfect fit. It operates in absolute silence, there are no rattles, no chain-slap-sounds, nothing. Just you, the bike, the road and nothing else.
\nAdding to the riding pleasure, the Gates Carbon drive on the Siegfried Road means that maintaining your bike becomes a lot easier. If you ride your bike on a wet road, you can easily rinse of any dirt with a little bit of water.
\nThe Siegfried Road is not for everyone, but for those who appreciate minimalistic design in a sporty package, it is great. Have it in single speed or fixed gear configuration and simply go out and ride.
\nIts timeless design, combined with long lasting components make the Siegfried Road a trustworthy companion for those times when you simply want to ride your bike. I love it for this!
\nSeptember, 2020: : I found a beautiful bike computer for this bike: Omata One
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2020-04-30_minimalistic-road-bike-with-gates-carbon-drive/", "title": "Minimalistic road bike with Gates carbon drive", "summary": "For the past few months I have been riding a special kind of bike, the minimalistic Siegfried Road from Schindelhauer. It is unlike most road bikes as it lacks a conventional chain and derailleur. It features the Gates CDX carbon drive. It's an exercise in minimal design. After riding it for nearly 1000KM, it's time to tell you all about it. ", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2020-04-30_minimalistic-road-bike-with-gates-carbon-drive/Minimalistic-road-bike-with-Gates-carbon-drive-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2020-04-29T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2020-04-14_talking-tablets-what-makes-a-great-tablet/", "content_html": "Earlier this year Microsoft released their brand new Surface Pro X tablet computer, in many ways this is a forward thinking device. As I like working with tablets I wondered what exactly makes a great tablet? Is Surface Pro X any good? Read along to find out.
\nUnlike traditional PC's that often provide backwards compatibility in software and hardware design, Microsoft primarily designed Surface Pro X to be a next generation device. It is ultra thin, always connected (using 4G/LTE) and it is equipped with an efficient ARM processor to perfectly power web-first experiences. Just like other Microsoft Surface devices, Surface Pro X represents Microsoft's best as it integrates hardware and software unlike other Windows PC's.
\nYou should get the signature keyboard with the surface \"slim pen\" to fully enable the tablet's versatility. They're sold separately (just like iPad Pro's keyboard and pencil), which I still think is stupid.
\nThe Surface Pro X Signature Keyboard is the very best tablet keyboard that I have ever seen. It includes all the normal keys you'd expect on a PC keyboard (including escape and function keys). Yet it is slim, sturdy and it feels very solid. Tactile feedback is great, I love typing on it!
\nI only wish the keyboard would work when it is disconnected. It would enable even more different use cases, especially combined with the integrated, fabulous, Surface kickstand, the Surface dock and Window's powerful support for external monitors.
\nSomething you'd either love or hate are the alcantara covered palm rests. I don't love them as they are way too \"warm and mushy\" for my taste, especially when you work for longer periods of time. But it is a personal preference - I guess - as I don't like cushions or blankets on a couch either, I prefer cold and uncomfortable.
\nThe Surface Pro X supports the Slim Pen, a oval-shape stylus that can be used to tap things, take notes or draw and sketch. The great thing about the Slim Pen is that Microsoft integrated it into the Surface design, offering a nice place to put it when you don't need it. It magnetically flips around so it can inductively charge itself while being stored inside the keyboard, an impressive party trick.
\nThe Surface Slim Pen is similar in size compared to a conventional (for paper) pen. It is slightly smaller then Apple's latest Pencil.
\nWhen you hold the Surface Slim Pen you'll immediately notice that it is much lighter than other pens. This makes the Slim Pen feels a little \"flimsy\", it lacks the \"balanced heft\" that Apple Pencil has.
\nDespite being a little lightweight, it functions perfectly as pen responsiveness is simply great. Microsoft offers different apps for note taking and sketching, like Microsoft OneNote and Whiteboard. I like the latter, but it is not without its flaws as annoying bugs like an imprecise ruler hamper the Surface Pen's super powers.
\nWhen you work with Surface Pro X for a few weeks you'll notice that the device is super capable. Its versatility makes it suitable in many different work situations, like:
\nThis brings me back to the main question, what makes a tablet great? Over the years I have worked extensively with different tablets. I even built my own tablet OS. This has given me the opportunity to learn about the things that really set the 'tablet category' apart from conventional desktop or laptop computers.
\nThe main takeaway from a tablet computer is the versatile, mobile nature of the form factor. There are no wires, it fits in most bags, you can use it in different angles and orientations. It is precisely this that lets the tablet computer transient into the 'background', enabling you to just do what you want it to do.
\nIt doesn't require a certain physical position, like sitting behind a desk, to use the device. The battery and mobile connectivity enable you to use it wherever you are. Although I appreciate the power of a big screen desktop computer, I don't like its requirement to use it in a (dull) office all the time. A tablet computer gives you a certain degree of freedom thanks to its versatility and mobility.
\nA great tablet experience depends on seamless integration of hardware and software. Tablet computers are very much defined by the large touch screen that acts as a canvas for anything the tablet can do. Great tablet software takes advantage of the direct manipulation that is possible with your fingers.
\nIf designed well, software is able to enable an intuitive understanding of its workings. Quite literally one can use a tablet by simply touching it, you should not need a manual or a degree in computer science.
\nFor this reason my one year old son can use a tablet computer, but not a PlayStation which requires a physical controller. The mere lack of the abstraction of the distinct controller (with buttons) removes friction from the interaction with software.
\nIf you haven't tried working with a tablet computer, you should really consider it. The Surface Pro X is a perfect machine to introduce you to novel ways to get things done, while providing you with access to familiar apps and files.
\nIts versatile, mobile hardware combined with software that is designed to take advantage of the large touch screen, enables you to get things done in many ways, pretty much anywhere!
\nLast month I received an automated alert indicating excessive bandwidth usage, usually a sign of trouble. When this happens, you should follow a standard incident procedure, trying to isolate the source of the traffic before shutting it down. The cause of this incident was not what I expected however... requiring a different kind of mitigation than a simple blockade.
\nWhen you manage servers you'll notice that internet traffic usually occurs in predictable patterns. Just like real traffic on roads, there are regular times when it is busy and quite.
\nThe predictable pattern makes it possible to detect anomalies automatically. Just like a traffic jam on a highway at an unusual time can be the result of an accident, unexpected swings in internet traffic can be an indicator for an incident in cyberspace.
\nThe first thing you should do is to find the source of the problem. Do this by analysing the anomaly by:
\nTo do this you should inspect traffic charts, they usually indicate distinct input/output. Then you should try to find the affected IP addresses. This might involve looking at more (individual server) charts and statistics inside switches, routers and servers. Then look at CPU usage and log files to determine what application is affected, like mail or web. The larger the anomaly is, the easier it is to find.
\nYou may be tempted to kill the anomaly once you have found it, immediately stopping the associated traffic. But you should really keep it alive (at least a little longer) to learn as much as you can from it.
\nUse a tool like iftop to see a realtime overview of bandwidth usage per connected IP-address. It is very useful to get a grasp of what's going on, especially in combination with log files (linking IP-address to individual accounts).
\nThe server that produced the excessive bandwidth usage was a mail server. Often they are targeted by hackers to turn them into a spam relay server. This can happen in various ways, usually by the spammers capturing a valid login. This results in lots of outbound traffic as the spammers will push out many emails. If a spam run happens on your sever, you probably see this in the logs as spam messages frequently bounce, causing the mail queues to fill up quickly. It gets messy quickly, but on this server there was no such mess - just a lot of unusual bandwidth usage.
\nMail (and spam) is sent using the SMTP protocol, but traffic on this server's SMTP port was very normal. This was very unusual as it meant that the excessive traffic came from something else. But what? After analysing various logfiles on the mail server I determined that the offending protocol was IMAP. Somehow a client connected to the mail server using IMAP was causing excessive amounts of network traffic. IMAP is a protocol that is used to read email, not to send it, making IMAP related anomalies very rare.
\nBy analysing the mail server's log, I found the specific user that caused the traffic. I contacted the customer to ask if he noticed anything weird on his end. Not surprisingly, he noticed that his computer felt a little sluggish lately.
\nAfter some trial and error by phone, we determined that something caused Microsoft Outlook to keep synchronising IMAP folders in a loop. This caused his computer to download the entire contents of his mailbox over and over again! As his mailbox was over 40 gigabyte in size, this caused the substantial traffic. Apparently this is caused by a bug in Microsoft Outlook, unfortunately there is no easy fix for it.
\nI faced the difficult decision to either block the (normal, legitimate, paying) customer or to allow the excessive traffic to continue (incurring serious costs to the network provider). Blocking legitimate users that operate their business using email is a very bad idea, but allowing excessive traffic to continue is bad too. Luckily I found an alternative way to reduce the excessive traffic while still allowing the customer access to his mail (using his trusted, but flawed Outlook app).
\nAs a bandwidth management technique you can use traffic shaping to delay some (or all) data packets to bring them into compliance with a desired traffic profile. If applied, you are - quite literally - shaping the traffic graphs, hence the name.
\nThis technique is not without controversy as it is quite the opposite of the often hailed \"net neutrality\" principle. With traffic shaping you can intentionally block or slow down (or charge extra money) for specific types of traffic. By principle I am against anything that hurts net neutrality, but for this particular situation I had no feasible alternative. I needed to seriously slow down email traffic for this particular customer, reducing the amount of bandwidth while continuing to provide access to his account.
\nTo shape traffic you need to do two things:
\nIn principle a token bucket is similar to the principle of limiting the amount of passengers in a train ride by only distributing a fixed number of available tokens. When passengers (or data packets) enter the train (or network) they take a token. When they disembark (or reach their destination) the token is returned. Using the token bucket principle you can control the amount of concurrent traffic in a system.
\nYou can implement this principle using the network tools \"tc\" (for traffic control) in combination with \"iptables\". You can use a script to set the rules for marking and enforcing. You can find various samples online, I used this one by Julien Vehent.
\nSometimes network anomalies are not what you expect them to be, therefore you should always take the time to investigate them! Blindly blocking traffic is blunt, sometimes you need to refine your methods to mitigate problems.
\nApplying unorthodox filtering techniques is not something that I like, but sometimes they are the only means to an end. Know what you're doing and why you're doing it is very important!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2020-04-01_traffic-shaping-using-iptables-and-tc/", "title": "Traffic shaping using iptables and tc", "summary": "Last month I received an automated alert indicating excessive bandwidth usage, usually a sign of trouble. When this happens, you should follow a standard incident procedure, trying to isolate the source of the traffic before shutting it down. The cause of this incident was not what I expected however... requiring a different kind of mitigation than a simple blockade.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2020-04-01_traffic-shaping-using-iptables-and-tc/Traffic-shaping-using-iptables-and-tc-800px.png", "date_modified": "2020-03-31T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2020-03-25_designing-and-implementing-a-micro-payment-system/", "content_html": "Online payments are now more important than ever as businesses are disrupted by the COVID-19 virus. It drives my customers to seek new ways to make money online. I designed and implemented a (micro)payment system. This post is about achieving simplicity by solving complex challenges.
\nWhen developing new technology and apps I always try to imagine how it would work best. The easiests way to find out, is to design the product for yourself. Just like Steve Jobs had Apple develop their presentation app, Keynote, for himself. It is one of his famous jokes about him being an underpaid beta tester
\nIf you design the product for yourself, think about what you would really, really, want. For me, this means the most utterly simple user interaction model possible: I want my software to be simple, easy.
\nFor the purpose of developing the payment technology, I came up with the use case of adding a \"buy me coffee\" button to my website. If it works well, people can use it to show their appreciation for this blog by buying me a coffee. I think this use case is a perfect challenge to design (and build) a (micro) payment system.
\nBefore programming a single line of code, I often design software by sketching ideas by hand. I find the creative process of drawing helpful in exploring ideas, layouts, processes. It is one of the reasons why I like working on a tablet so much, digitally sketching ideas allows me to quickly explore multiple ideas by copying/pasting them into multiple iterations.
\nOnce you have explored ideas for your user interface, it is time to develop a prototype. When you build a prototype you can test the user interface on different devices, see how it looks and feels.
\nDuring prototyping I often look at the design sketch while programming the first version. On iPad you can do this using split screen, where I place the design sketch right next to my code, using VIM in tmux over Mosh with the brilliant Blink app for iPadOS. I created the coffee cup using Picta Graphic for iPad, a beautiful drawing app that exports to vector images (SVG).
\nThe next step is to develop a fully working user interface, making the buttons work. During development you often need to figure out what is going on, track bugs and finetune mechanisms. I use the Inspect Browser for iPadOS to have a working miniature touch screen interface right next to my code. It allows me to rapidly test and perfect the working user interface.
\nAnother crucial step is to develop the backend technology to prepare and track online payments. This is server side technology that will handle the communication between the frontend user interface (website) and payment provider (banks, credit cards, Apple Pay, etc).
\nDesigning the backend server is usually a little more abstract compared to designing a (visible) frontend user interface. I find sketching UML sequence diagrams very useful when figuring out what API calls should happen in what order. Sequence diagrams visualise program interactions in time sequence.
\nYou see three columns in the payment process sequence diagram: frontend, backend and payment provider. Each column represents a different computer that communicates with the others. The frontend runs on the user's device, the backend server runs on a VPS managed by me and the payment provider is an external server. The user interacts with the website by clicking the \"buy (me coffee) button\", this triggers a chain of API calls that flow from right to left.
\nThe \"backend server\" is responsible for calculating the amount that the user needs to pay. It is calculated on the server, not in the client, to prevent malicious users to manipulate the price calculation (as frontend technology can be manipulated through the web browser).
\nA payment session is prepared by informing the payment provider that the user will make a payment for a given amount. This process uses a secret API key that allows the payment provider to know to which bank account payments should go. The payment provider returns a payment URL, that is used to redirect the user to the actual payment page.
\nThe payment provider I use is Mollie, an Amsterdam based company with a fantastic payment platform. Their API's are well documented and they provide packages to easily implement their payment system into your backend server.
\nIn harmony with my other backend servers, I choose to implement the backend server in NodeJS. It runs on practically anything (from a tiny Raspberry PI, to large computing clouds). Alternatively you can use PHP, Ruby, Python or any of the other available packages. The Mollie API reference offers detailed information on the values you can expect.
\nFew people realise that retrieving the payment status is an asynchronous process that can have different statuses. In a perfect world you instantly know whether a payment succeeds or fails. But due to the distributed nature of online payments where backends communicate with different servers (banks, credit cards, etc.) you never know precisely when a payment will complete.
\nThink of situations where a user closes the payment page, leaves his or her device unattended, or when a bank has an interruption with their online banking system. It happens, and it is your task to design the backend server to handle payment status updates separately from the primary user interaction process.
\nThe payment provider calls a webhook on our backend server. It delivers a message like \"Look, something changed on payment XYZ\". This message only says that something was changed, it does not tell us what the new status is. This is for security reasons: otherwise malicious users might be able to mimic the call to our webhook. Instead, our backend server requests the actual payment status through a secure channel using our secret API key. The payment provider returns the payment status which is then handled by our backend server. Depending on the payment status, appropriate actions are taken, like sending out email notifications, starting the delivery of goods.
\nThe last step is to connect the frontend with the backend technology, making the entire process work. This is what people call \"fullstack development\" as you're working on the entire system. Fullstack development is a different kind of art that few developers truly master, it requires you to work (debug and develop) on multiple ends simultaneously; often in different programming languages at once!
\n\n
In practice this means that you'll be monitoring different parts of the programming, see if they work well together. Watching server logs while you try to perform a payment using the newly created frontend technology. It's hard, but it is also very rewarding as it results in a working product!
\nThe resulting \"buy me a coffee\" button is a deceptively simple 3 step process for the user:
\nDesigning and implementing a payment system is not that hard once you know what you need to do. Yet, it involves many steps to achieve that understanding. While my \"buy-me-a-coffee\"-button appears simple, it required solving many different design and programming challenges.
\nIt's hard to overstate the importance of simplicity, yet it is often very hard to achieve because it requires an understanding of all aspects of the challenge. To quote Einstein: \"The definition of genius is taking the complex and making it simple.\" Now, please feel free to try the button yourself: it's right here ⬇️
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2020-03-25_designing-and-implementing-a-micro-payment-system/", "title": "Designing and implementing a (micro) payment system", "summary": "Online payments are now more important than ever as businesses are disrupted by the COVID-19 virus. It drives my customers to seek new ways to make money online. I designed and implemented a (micro)payment system. This post is about achieving simplicity by solving complex challenges.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2020-03-25_designing-and-implementing-a-micro-payment-system/Designing-and-implementing-a-micro-payment-system-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2020-03-24T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2020-03-09_making-my-own-tablet-os/", "content_html": "For some years now I use a tablet as main computer, I like its versatility. But, most tablets come with a locked down operating system, like iPadOS, Windows 10S or Android. As I like things my own (weird) way, I wondered if I could escape these \"software jails\" by installing a free operating system on a tablet. It's possible, read along to find out how I escaped!
\nIf you're considering installing another operating system on a tablet, you should definitely do some research on tablet hardware. Not all tablet computers can be reinstalled with a custom operating system, some have locked bootloaders, proprietary chips or other hurdles.
\nMeet Surface Go, it's a relatively small tablet (10\" screen size). It has a \"normal\" 64-bit Intel processor, it has a bootloader that can be unlocked and its hardware is well known as it is similar to the older \"Surface Pro 6\". Older hardware is a good thing if you're thinking about free operating systems. The older hardware becomes, the greater the chance that people have found ways to make it work with free software, such as Debian GNU/Linux.
\nBefore you erase the proprietary operating system from the tablet, you should use it to update the firmware. Updating firmware from anything other than Windows is virtually impossible. The new firmware for the Surface fixed many bugs and improved the tablet's performance - you don't want to miss out on this!
\n\n
Once you have selected the tablet hardware, you should choose an operating system. For various reasons, I recommend that you consider choosing a free operating system. With free software you are - quite literally - free to make it work as you like. I like Debian, a GNU/Linux distribution.
\nThe Debian GNU/Linux distribution is among the oldest distributions available. It is special because its maintainers have ratified a social contract, a document providing guarantees that Debian is open and free. It can be installed on almost any hardware, hence their slogan \"the universal operating system\".
\nInstallation of Debian is done using a bootable USB stick. I used another computer to download the installation files from https://debian.org. You must create an installation medium to get these installation files to the tablet computer.
\nOn another laptop I used some terminal commands to create the bootable USB drive. If you're on Windows or Mac you can use other tools to get this job done, like Disk Utilities, Rufus or unetbootin.
\nConnect the bootable USB drive to the Surface tablet, I used a USB-C to ethernet and USB 3.0 adapter. The wired network connection comes in handy during installation because Debian often cannot load firmware/drivers for the proprietary WiFi chips.
\n\n
The easiest way to boot the Surface tablet from the USB drive is through \"Advanced Startup Options\" in Windows Settings, it will restart your computer offering you different boot and recovery options.
\nChoose \"Use a device\" and then select \"Linpus lite\". With a bit of luck you'll be greeted with the Debian GNU/Linux installer menu.
\nProceed with the installation by answering questions like what language you wish to use and what keyboard layout you have. The installer will attempt to recognise your network hardware. Unfortunately many vendors keep their device drivers (firmware) closed, making it impossible for Debian to include them with their standard collection of software (which is required to be free software).
\nAlthough it is possible to load these non-free device drivers from (another) USB drive, it's my experience that it is difficult to exactly preload those device drivers that you'll need. My strategy is to connect the computer to a wired network connection during installation and worry about missing drivers afterwards. It's easier to add them later if your system is online.
\nMany apps (web browsing, photo editing, drawing) only work well through a graphical user interface. You can choose from many different options if you use free software. The first choice you need to make is whether you want a full \"desktop environment\" or just a \"window manager\".
\nA desktop environment gives you an overall user experience, including panels, system menu's and status applets. It comes with its own set of (system) applications and look+feel. While most desktop environments offer a complete standard configuration, many of them offer advanced options for customisation. Check out their websites, read about their design principles, and choose something you like. Common desktop environments for Debian are:
\nUnlike a full blown desktop environment, a window manager only provides a way to manage application windows. Window managers are chosen because they are extremely minimal, requiring all extras to be manually added by the user. If you like to make your own decisions, choosing a window manager might be a good starting point for your graphical user interface. Common ones are:
\nYou should really take your time to make your own decision, as choosing the foundation for the graphical user interface greatly impacts the overal experience. It's a personal choice, driven by preferences and your willingness to manually adjust it. My choice, because I have years of experience with it, is to use the Openbox window manager in combination some extra tools that optimise my experience.
\nThis is an essential step when you're installing a free operating system on a computer. After installation, the default settings are often not tailored to your specific hardware, preferences and use cases.
\nThese where some of things I did on top of the Openbox window manager:
\nAfter many hours of experimenting and finetuning I created a tablet operating system experience that works. I can use it to read, draw, program and design.
\nThe sense of understanding you'll develop during the whole \"build your own OS\"-thing is incredible, both from a technical and user interaction perspective. It's a great opportunity to learn and hone your skills!
\nRead my follow up posts on:
\nThis week I flew to Gothenburg to meet people from a large international shipping company, talking about the development of enterprise level software. During the meeting there were various experts in the room, one of them asked me on choosing the right software architecture (for big, complex, enterprise level apps). A very good question, well worthy for a blog post.
\nWhen you design apps you should not only think about the mere look and feel, good design encompasses how everything works together, too. Software architecture refers to the fundamental structures of a software system, each structure comprises elements, relations among them, and properties of both elements and their relations.
\nIt is analogous to the architecture of a building. Once an architecture is defined and implemented, it becomes costly to change it afterwards. It is therefore a good idea to choose the right software architecture before you start building.
\nFor simple apps the software architecture could be obvious, but as your application grows in size and functionality, the number of structures in a system can grow rapidly. This can happen over time, as your customer’s needs grows. The more structures, the more relations between them, the complexer it gets.
\nIf you expect your software to handle a lot of different things, chances are you’re going to deal with complexity. From an architectural point of view there are different approaches in dealing with this software complexity.
\nBest described as ‘one big block’ is the monolithic architecture. Here, everything your app does, is part of the same code base.
\nIn a “monolithic architecture” the software is often layered, where each layer consists of different types of components:
\nThe bigger the application becomes, the larger each layer becomes. This makes it harder to scale a monolithic architecture, at a certain point things become simply too big and complex.
\nEvery time you make a change to the application, the entire code base is affected. For (very) large applications this makes it harder to maintain the software, as it requires a full understanding of the entire application.
\nAs the entire application is interdependent, problems in one part of the application often significantly affect the entire system. Communication between different parts of the system is done internally, at code level. This means that the different parts must be programmed in the same (or compatible) programming language. This is a barrier to adopt new technologies (in the future) as you cannot easily change the programming language of one part of the system.
\nInstead of building one big monolithic application you can split up your application in smaller interconnected services. Each microservice is a small application of its own, complete with its own (but smaller + simpler) architecture, business logic and data layers.
\nThe different services communicate with each other using API’s that are defined independently of the used technology, often in a common “API structure” such as REST, JSON, Redis and XML. This allows the combination of microservices to function as “one system”.
\nBy decomposing the ‘big block’ application into smaller services, it becomes easier to understand different parts of the system. This makes it easier to maintain the system as it allows each microservice to be developed independently. It also reduces the barrier to adopt new technologies as you are free to choose whatever technology is best suited for a given service. One part of the system can be programmed in a different language than other parts. This makes it possible for different teams (with different expertise) to work together.
\nThe art and skill of getting the microservices architecture right, come from the ability to correctly define a microservice. Too broad or too granular can destroy the architecture. You can use business processes, hierarchical or domain separation to define each microservice.
\nThe challenge with the microservice architecture is that it adds complexity to the entire system by the fact that it requires a distributed communication mechanism. The different API’s that connect to each other can be tricky to test and debug. It becomes more difficult to implement changes that span multiple services.
\nDefining, designing and implementing the different interservice API’s require an agreement on the exchanged data, this can be hard to achieve when you intend to share extended and non-universal data structures.
\nMonitoring and deploying a microservice architecture can be complex when services grow in number. There is simply more to manage, requiring more planning and coordination for each of the services.
\nMy late dad once told me that you can “earn the most by the things you don’t do”. Building complex applications is inherently difficult, the best thing you can do is to try to make things simpler by simply not doing everything. Focus on the things that truly matter, do those things right.
\nIf your application is simple, lightweight, a monolithic architecture is the way to go. Development, deployment, maintenance, everything is easier when things are small.
\nIf you cannot escape complexity, then you should definitely consider the microservice architecture. Ask yourself the following questions:
\nThere is no “silver bullet” answer to the question what software architecture is right. Both approaches have their pros and cons.
\nThe best thing you can do is to make a conscious - well considered - decision and double down on it!
\nIf you use different devices and computers to get things done, you might want to synchronise contacts, agendas and tasks. You can use any of the 'big cloud' services for this, like Apple iCloud, Microsoft Office 365 and Google Gmail. But, if you prefer not to share your addressbook and calendar with big American companies, you can do it yourself.
\nAlthough it is very convenient to use a big cloud service for addressbook and calendar syncing, there are good reasons why you might want to do it yourself:
\nFor maximum freedom and flexibility in the choosing the devices you use, you need to select a common denominator when looking for solutions that allow the sharing of addressbooks and calendars. Luckily such a solution exists in the CardDAV and CalDAV open standards.
\nBoth CardDAV and CalDAV are extensions on the WebDAV standard. Web Distributed Authoring and Versioning (WebDAV) itself is an extension of the standard HTTP protocol. It's a protocol that allows multiple clients (devices/computers/apps) to share a resource (file/addressbook/calendar/etc).
\nThe CardDAV protocol is an addressbook sharing protocol. It was originally proposed as standard by Apple in 2007, RFC 6352. The protocol uses WebDAV to share contact data in the \"vCard\" file format. You can best think of a vCard as a virtual business card. CardDAV allows you to share your collection of virtual business cards between your devices.
\nThe CalDAV protocol is a calendar sharing protocol. Just like CardDAV it was originally proposed as standard by Apple, RFC 6638. It uses WebDAV to share appointment data in the iCalendar-format. The \"Internet Calendaring and Scheduling Core Object Specification\" is an open standard itself, RFC 5545, that is widely supported. CalDAV allows multiple devices and apps to access your calendar, allowing cooperative planning and information sharing.
\nTo work with CardDAV/CalDAV you need a server that acts as central repository of your addressbook/calendar data. Unlike 'peer-to-peer' connections (where you would link your phone to your computer), the CardDAV/CalDAV protocol is designed to work using the internet. The central server allows devices and apps to independently connect and synchronise data.
\nAs the protocol is based on (efficient) web technology, the requirements for the server are minimal. You don't need powerful processors or huge amounts of storage memory. Some people run their CardDAV/CalDAV from a cheap Raspberry Pi computer. Alternatively you could use a small VPS, a NAS or an old computer.
\nThe CardDAV/CalDAV server software consists of two parts: the server operating system and the actual CardDAV/CalDAV server. Because of its open standard definition, you are free to choose the operating system yourself. GNU/Linux is a common choice as server operating system. Different distributions often come with a ready-to-go 'app store'-like software repository, allowing you to install server apps with ease.
\nIn harmony with my other cloud services, I often choose Debian GNU/Linux. It is an operating system that is free from commercial pressure, prioritising freedom over business interests. Because of this, it is an excellent and stable basis for any server endeavour.
\nOn the server operating system you'll need to install server software that implements the CardDAV/CalDAV standards. You should check out the different servers yourself: CardDAV servers and CalDAV servers.
\nAfter analysing the different CardDAV/CalDAV server options, I distilled the following three options:
\nInstalling Radicale on Debian is as easy as 'apt-get install radicale'. You should check out the detailed installation instructions on the Debian Wiki: install radicale on debian.
\nThe basic Radicale installation works well with simple usernames and password (from a file on the server). But, being free and open source software, there are options to integrate Radicale with different forms of authentication and security:
\nOnce you have your CardDAV/CalDAV server running, you need to configure your devices to connect to it. You can do this in different ways, depending on the type of device you use.
\nConvenience is a beautiful thing, until it stings you in the back. The \"big cloud services\" operated by the American tech giants provide easy (and free) ways to synchronise your personal agenda and address books. If you like to take control over your own personal (or work) data, you should consider setting up your own addressbook and calendar server.
\nIt's not really that hard to do it yourself, and if you need help you can always ask someone to assist you. Once you have it up and running, you'll have more control of your data, better privacy and freedom in choosing your devices and apps. Not bad, right?
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2020-02-28_your-own-addressbook-and-calendar-cloud/", "title": "Your own addressbook and calendar cloud", "summary": "If you use different devices and computers to get things done, you might want to synchronise contacts, agendas and tasks. You can use any of the 'big cloud' services for this, like Apple iCloud, Microsoft Office 365 and Google Gmail. But, if you prefer not to share your addressbook and calendar with big American companies, you can do it yourself. ", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2020-02-28_your-own-addressbook-and-calendar-cloud/Your-own-addressbook-and-calendar-cloud-800px.png", "date_modified": "2020-02-27T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2020-02-13_the-day-i-sold-my-car/", "content_html": "This week I sold my car, I now no longer own one. For me, this is something of a change as over the years I owned various sports cars that were like a hobby to me. My discovery of cycling and the birth of my son changed this. But if you're looking for a reason to buy a sports car, read along!
\nIt all began in 2010 when I got my first Smart Roadster. The Smart Roadster (model W452) is a two-door, two-seater sports car that was introduced in 2003 by Smart. It's a fun little car, based on a stretched platform of the Smart Fortwo city coupe.
\nThe Smart Roadster is powered by the Mercedes-Benz turbocharged 3-cylinder Suprex engine (60kW, 80HP), located in the rear of the car. It's a tiny engine, but so is the car, weighing around 800KG. Combined with the rear wheel drive, grippy tires and a F1 flappy pedal gearbox, this is an ideal mix for driving fun!
\nAlthough it's a tiny sports car, the interior is quite allright, even if you're a bit longer (like me ± 1,93M). On the dashboard there are extra gauges that add to the sports car vibe.
\nThe best thing you can do with a Smart Roadster is to hit the road, drive! Its driving characteristics are similar to that of a cart. You feel very close to the tarmac, this enhances the perception of speed.
\n\n
If you find a twisty road somewhere (in southern) Europe, you'll enjoy the Smart Roadster at its best. Think of a street legal roller coaster that will keep you smiling for hours!
\nContrary to popular believe, the Smart Roadster is in fact a very practical car. Over the years I have transported many different items, computers, televisions, paintings, canoes... and I even picked up a wife!
\nTimes change and so do I. My discovery of cycling provides me with the feeling of freedom that is beyond that of a car. Unlike the open and twisty countryside roads in southern Europe, the busy streets in The Netherlands are much less fun to drive these days. Traffic, speed bumps, speed limits and distracted drivers demand your constant attention, taking the fun away.
\nMy wife's family car, a Dacia Duster, is surprisingly practical. I hate to admit it, but it might even be more practical than my beloved Smart Roadster. It has more doors, more seats and more place for things I didn't know one would need (with kids). It can even carry my bike!
\nThis brought me to the point where I asked myself, do I really need to own a car? In our Western culture a car serves multiple purposes as it's both a means of transport and a status symbol.
\nFor getting from A-to-B I can use my bike, bus, metro, train or a shared car (either from my wife, a rental car or friends). Especially in a dense urban area like the Amsterdam city region, you really don't need to own a car to get somewhere.
\nThis leaves the car as a status symbol. Having owned different cars over the years, I experienced firsthand what difference it makes if you own a cheap car or an expensive one.
\nConsider these cars I owned; imagine a person driving it. What would you think of him or her?
\nChances are that you come up with different answers for these different cars. That's the point: the car communicates. Even if you don't care about your car's performance as status symbol, other people will. It's therefore something to consider when you buy one.
\nMaybe it's me getting older, but I no longer care that much about cars and status. I think it's way more valuable to be healthy and to be able to spend time in freedom with friends and family.
\nIf you're looking for some real genuine driving pleasure, then the Smart Roadster is an absolute fun car! Take it for a ride out in the open, enjoy the sunshine, smell the trees, hear its little engine work.
\nAlthough it's surprisingly practical, you should only get one if you really enjoy driving. There are more ways to get from A to B these days. Challenge yourself to look beyond the common thought that you should own a car!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2020-02-13_the-day-i-sold-my-car/", "title": "The day I sold my car", "summary": "This week I sold my car, I now no longer own one. For me, this is something of a change as over the years I owned various sports cars that were like a hobby to me. My discovery of cycling and the birth of my son changed this. But if you're looking for a reason to buy a sports car, read along!", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2020-02-13_the-day-i-sold-my-car/The-day-I-sold-my-car-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2020-02-12T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2020-01-28_measuring-cholesterol-levels-in-blood/", "content_html": "This week I went to my doctor to have my blood examined, to determine my cholesterol levels. Over the past years I have been paying more and more attention to my health. After improving my lifestyle considerably, I wondered what my numbers were.
\nCholesterol is a fat-like, waxy substance in your blood. Your body makes cholesterol in the liver. If you eat food from animals, like meat or dairy products, you'll receive more cholesterol than your body needs.
\nIf you have too much cholesterol in your body, it can build up in the walls of your arteries. This is called 'plaque' and it can eventually harden, a process called atherosclerosis. This causes your arteries to become narrower, making it harder for blood to flow through your vessels.
\nThe problem with too much cholesterol is that you won't notice it until you run into (serious) problems, like severe chest pain and heart attacks. Obviously, it's better not to wait for this and to take notion now!
\nTesting your cholesterol levels is best done through your doctor's office. They'll provide a standardised blood test (called a \"lipid panel\") that measures:
\nBefore having your blood drawn, you'll need to fast for 9 to 12 hours. This reduces the direct influence of food on the contents of your blood stream, providing a cleaner and easier to compare measurement.
\nAfter taking the blood test, the sample is send to the laboratory for analyses. This will result in a lipid profile that includes your levels of HDL, LDL, triglycerides and total cholesterol.
\nIn addition, my doctor's office also included blood sugar in my test. It is another indicator for cardiovascular risk, linked to diabetes.
\nAccording to the Dutch Heart Foundation (Hartstichting) the following values are considered good:
\nAccording to the Dutch Diabetes Foundation (Diabetesfonds), the following glucose levels, measured after fasting, are considered reference points:
\nAbout two weeks after drawing blood my results where available. I called the doctors's office and received the following values:
\nAs you can see, my total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol (the bad one) are considered to be too high. The other values are (very) good. Without feeling something, my cholesterol is too high.
\nHave your blood tested, know your numbers. It's the only way to know where you are. Whatever the results may be, it should rarely be a reason for panic - especially when you are younger. Although my cholesterol is still slightly too high, I know that it must have been much worse considering my old habits.
\nOver the past few years I changed my lifestyle considerably, taking much more care for my body. I feel better than before. I lost over 25KG and my physical condition continues to improve. Treat your body well, don't wait until it's too late!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2020-01-28_measuring-cholesterol-levels-in-blood/", "title": "Measuring cholesterol levels in blood", "summary": "This week I went to my doctor to have my blood examined, to determine my cholesterol levels. Over the past years I have been paying more and more attention to my health. After improving my lifestyle considerably, I wondered what my numbers were. ", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2020-01-28_measuring-cholesterol-levels-in-blood/Measuring-cholesterol-levels-in-blood-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2020-01-27T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2020-01-24_improve-your-sleep-by-blocking-light/", "content_html": "Over the past few weeks I have been experimenting with wearing a sleep mask in bed, blocking all light. Our bodies produce the sleep hormone, melatonin, in darkness. Living in an environment awash in artificial light, is therefore exactly the sort of thing that disrupts one's circadian rhythm. Can a simple mask help?
\nA good night's sleep is incredibly important for your health, it's just as important as eating healthy and exercising:
\nMelatonin, a hormone produced in the brain's pineal gland, is responsible for regulating your body's clock, or 'circadian rhythm'. The release of this hormone is largely controlled by exposure to natural light, or lack thereof (darkness). Production is triggered in the evening and melatonin continues to be released throughout the hours of darkness that follow. When the day breaks, melatonin levels drop until the next evening. Darkness is therefore very important for your body to sleep.
\nWe live in environments awash with artificial light, this light disrupts our rhythm. The natural distinction between day and night is no longer warranted. Consider light sources that might interrupt your circadian rhythm: A street light? Your partner's iPhone? A hallway light?
\nIn a 2010 study, researchers in China found that when exposed to a noisy, bright environment, test subjects wearing eye masks and earplugs experienced better sleep than those who went without.
\nOne way to ensure total darkness when you're in bed, is to wear a sleep mask. While reading about the daily routines of successful business people and professional athletes, I stumbled upon a billionaire advising to invest in a $20 sleep mask, the Mindfold.
\nNot been discouraged by the 80's vibe of the mask's branding and website, I decided to take a chance and order a few. Few weeks (!) later, I received the package from Colorado.
\nDon't let the branding fool you: the Mindfold is a seriously effective thing to eliminate all light from passing through. You quite literally experience complete darkness with your eyes open (in brightly lit environments). It's quite amazing not to be able to see a difference between having your eye lids open or closed.
\nThe mask has a soft foam cushion that ensures a perfect fit in combination with the simple but effective Velcro straps. The mask is flexible, allowing it to conform to your face. After wearing it for a few weeks I don't even notice it anymore!
\nAdmittedly, it took some time for me to get used to wearing a mask at night. At first it feels weird, alien and uncomfortable. But almost immediately I sensed the effect of total darkness: it's so much easier to fall a sleep.
\nYou really have to give the mask a chance to reach its full potential. After some time getting used to it, I really started to appreciate it's effects. I fall asleep quicker, stay asleep longer and feel better rested.
\nSometimes I feel a little disorientated when my alarm wakes me up while wearing the mask. Like the feeling you have when you're sleeping really deep. It's a testament of the effectiveness of the darkness, I guess.
\nAnother funny effect is that when you wear the mask regularly, it elicits a sort of Pavlovian response. The mere act of putting my mask on, induces a near-immediate state of drowsiness.
\nI wondered if the sleep mask's effectiveness could be measured so I collected data using different sensors and trackers. I looked at heart rate, the number of disturbances, and heart rate variability (HRV).
\nUsing Biostrap, I measured my heart rate while sleeping with the mask. As you can see in the graph, my rate is very constant and near my known minimum rate (±50BPM). You can see that I experienced a \"dull\" night, in the sense that I was \"busy\" sleeping and not much else. (Good!)
\nDuring the same night my HRV went up, indicating a decent recovery. When you have a high HRV, it means that your body is responsive to both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system. The higher the variability between these two branches, the better your body is capable of adapting to its environment and performing at its best.
\nBe aware that HRV is personal and you should be looking at your personal data only, identifying trends in your own data. If you know your minimum and maximum values, you can say something about how well you have recovered. As you can see in the personalised Biostrap data, there was a steady recovery rate during this night: I slept well!
\nWhile sleep experts out there would agree that consolidated sleep is ideal, there are times when getting all the sleep you need might not be possible. This is when a (power) nap can help you.
\nNapping mid day is considered to be the best time as it limits interference with your circadian rhythm. While a short nap can have positive (muscle memory) effects, real benefits are measurable when you sleep for at least 90 minutes. This is because typically you’re not going to get into REM sleep unless your nap is at least 90 minutes. REM sleep is the time when new learnings are committed to memory. In many ways it's like a reset for your brain, allowing it to take on new cognitive challenges afterwards.
\nThe mask makes it easy to do a daytime nap, the total darkness allows you to sleep quickly - even when there is daylight outside. I don't even close the curtains anymore when I do daytime naps, it's not necessary when you have the mask.
\nHeart rate data from my WHOOP strap clearly show the restorative effect of a nap during the day. This data is from the same day as the graphs shown ealier. It allowed my heart rate to return to normal values after an cycling session earlier that day. As I like to wakeup early in the morning (around 4.15 am), I regularly nap to stay energised and focused.
\nA sleep mask was not something that I thought I needed, until I started wearing one. Its effects are tangible and measurable. Considering there are only 24 hours in a day, you might want to optimise your time in bed.
\nInvesting in a good night's sleep will provide you with benefits throughout the entire day. Wearing a sleep mask is a simple and cheap thing you can do to sleep better. I found it to be an incredible tip, you should give it a try, too!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2020-01-24_improve-your-sleep-by-blocking-light/", "title": "Improve your sleep by blocking light", "summary": "Over the past few weeks I have been experimenting with wearing a sleep mask in bed, blocking all light. Our bodies produce the sleep hormone, melatonin, in darkness. Living in an environment awash in artificial light, is therefore exactly the sort of thing that disrupts one's circadian rhythm. Can a simple mask help?", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2020-01-24_improve-your-sleep-by-blocking-light/Improve-your-sleep-by-blocking-light-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2020-01-23T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2019-12-31_whoop-strap-review-24-7-wearable-sensor/", "content_html": "The past months I have been wearing the WHOOP Strap 3.0, a wearable sensor that collects health and fitness data. It's different compared to most other fitness bands as it was designed with professional athletes in mind. It is focussed on daily strain, recovery and sleep. Read along to find out how this works.
\nThe WHOOP strap is designed to be a sensor, not a smartwatch or notification device. The device is therefore unobtrusive, not making any sounds or buzzes. There are no buttons and there is no display.
\nThe device has an array of advanced sensors, measuring heart rate, heart rate variability, resting heart rate, respiratory rate, movement, temperature and skin conductivity.
\nOn an average day it collects more than 100MB of data. Most of the data is processed on the device itself, allowing for efficient synchronisation with the WHOOP cloud service, where all data is collected, analysed and presented.
\nThe \"ProKnit\" strap is made from a stretchy yet sturdy material with an anti-slip pattern underneath. It allows your skin to breathe, which is impossible with typical rubber sports bands. Straps are available in different styles and lengths.
\nIt is possible to wear the WHOOP strap on the wrist, or higher up your arm on the biceps. This allows the sensor to be hidden under your clothing.
\nIf you wear a mechanical watch, you can combine the strap with your watch if you want to. This way you sort of smarten-up your 'dumb' watch. It may be a solution to the populair question of \"smartwatch vs regular watch\".
\nThe WHOOP Strap is designed to measure your biometric data 24 hours a day, never to take it off. The idea behind this continuous data collection is that there is important progress to be measured when you're not working out. The device does a tremendous job tracking you during recovery, sleep and activities. The continuous data collection provides a much richer picture of your physical condition.
\nThis is useful when you (like a professional athlete) want to unlock all the potential that your body has. By matching activity (expressed as 'daily strain') with recovery, you keep your body in balance. This balance is important to prevent over training and to structurally improve your fitness.
\nThe device is highly personal, its algorithms adjust to your bodies values. This allows it to track relative progress. This approach enables the WHOOP Strap to detect when you will become ill, even before you feel it yourself!
\nThe main challenge with a 24/7 device is battery power. In the past I have worn multiple other sensors, like Biostrap and Apple Watch. While these other devices have their own strengths, they are limited by the requirement to take it off for charging. Even though this may only be for a few hours, it requires annoying 'manual management': taking the strap/watch off and putting it back on.
\nIn contrast, the WHOOP strap can be charged while wearing it using a relatively small external battery pack that slides on the WHOOP sensor unit. Charging is quick, ± 30-60 minutes to fully charge it. While charging, it continues to work.
\nOnce fully charged, the WHOOP strap has an actual battery life of about 4 days (they claim 5 days, in practice it's close to 4.5).
\nThe WHOOP Strap measures your biometrics continuously, this means that if you decide to workout you don't have to start any app or activity tracking. You just \"do your thing\" and the device will measure the intensity of your workout. It automatically detects common workout types using machine learning and by analysing the type of movement the gyroscope sensor detects. You can (very) easily adjust this recognition in retrospect, adding different workout types that the device may not detect initially.
\nIt is important to understand that defining a workout is not necessary for the WHOOP strap to work: it measures everything. That means that everything you do adds to your daily strain. You'll be surprised how much energy you spent on things like common household tasks and work.
\nThe continuous data collection allows you to clearly see the workouts you do relative to the rest of your day. If you look at the graph shown above, you'll see that it takes many more hours for my heart rate to return to normal after working out. A simple/stupid fitness tracker would not see this \"post workout\" data.
\nAnother cool, useful, feature is heart rate broadcasting. The WHOOP Strap 3.0 allows you to broadcast your heart rate on devices that are compatible with the \"Bluetooth Low Energy Heart Rate Profile\". This enables the WHOOP to work with bike computers, fitness machines and external apps. I use this feature to connect to my favourite bike computer app, making it unnecessary to wear a separate HR chest strap while cycling (like the Wahoo TICKR).
\nUltimately the WHOOP strap distills all the collected data into three simple pillars:
\nIn addition to the WHOOP Strap and its data, there is a lively WHOOP community on Facebook. Other users share their experiences with the strap and data. This is useful as it enables you to learn from others, like how they improve their sleep and how to promote recovery.
\nIn addition to Facebook there is the \"Teams feature\" inside the WHOOP app. It allows you to compare your stats with other people. This can help you motivate to go the extra mile when doing your workout.
\nThe WHOOP strap is a designed to perform advanced continuous analyses of your biometric data in order to provide you with easy to understand, actionable insights.
\nThe WHOOP strap is easy to wear on a daily basis, sitting comfortable on different positions on your body. In many ways it is exactly how I would design a minimal (yet very functional) biometric sensor. I highly recommend it to anybody who's interested in unlocking the potential of the human body!
\nThinking about getting yourself a WHOOP? Get a free WHOOP strap and your first month free when you join with this link: https://join.whoop.com/willem
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2019-12-31_whoop-strap-review-24-7-wearable-sensor/", "title": "Whoop strap review: 24/7 wearable sensor", "summary": "The past months I have been wearing the WHOOP Strap 3.0, a wearable sensor that collects health and fitness data. It's different compared to most other fitness bands as it was designed with professional athletes in mind. It is focussed on daily strain, recovery and sleep. Read along to find out how this works.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2019-12-31_whoop-strap-review-24-7-wearable-sensor/Whoop-strap-review-24-7-wearable-sensor-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2019-12-30T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2019-12-01_realtime-human-pose-recognition-through-computer-vision/", "content_html": "For an exciting new project I have been experimenting with computer vision using TensorFlow. I wanted to achieve realtime human pose detection to drive interactive video projections and games. Time to dive into the world of machine learning, tensors and computer vision!
\nReally exciting is the interdisciplinary scientific field of computer vision, dealing with how computers can be made to gain an high-level understanding from digital images and video feeds. It includes challenges to acquire, process and analyse digital images. Ultimately you'll want the computer to take decisions based on its understanding of the (complex) world around it.
\nTensorFlow is an end-to-end open source platform for machine learning, originally developed by Google. It is based on scientific work from various scholars and has since become a stable and robust ecosystem of tools, libraries and community resources.
\nThe name \"TensorFlow\" is derived from the concept of a \"flow of tensors\". A tensor is best described as a \"thing\", like something that the computer recognised - or tries to analyse. Technically, a tensor is a multi-dimensional array with numeric values. This allows the computer to compare different \"things\", see how their characteristics are alike (or different).
\nThe main challenge in realtime image processing is to reduce the complexity of the image into processable chunks that can be expressed as tensors. Usually this involves many steps comprising the computer vision's algorithm. Steps like, recognising a shape, cropping into that particular shape, resizing it, removing its colour, comparing the contours, etc. Tensors flow through these steps, from 'unanalysed' into 'recognised', henche the name TensorFlow.
\nThe great thing about modern machine learning using TensorFlow is that you generally do not need (very) expensive hardware to achieve results. This is because the \"heavy lifting\" is done when training machine learning models, which you can sort of imagine as \"reference tables\". These models are created by analysing known datasets, where the computer is given the 'answer' and it determines the characteristics of the subject. Training models requires time, processing power and training data.
\nGoogle did something truly clever, it distributed the training of its machine learning models to all of us. Yes, that includes you!
\nChances are that you have encountered \"reCAPTCHA\" or \"Recaptcha\". A visual challenge you have to complete when you order something online or try to register somewhere. This challenge provides a protection against (spam)bots for webshop and website owners. Its aim is to distinguish humans from bots. It does that by providing (complex) images to humans, asking them to identify objects in these images. Like traffic signs, crossings, cars, etc. Google uses this human feedback to train its models.
\nThe great thing is that many of Google's findings are made available publicly, there are many interesting open source projects that allow us - simple developers - to do amazing things with machine learning.
\nOne of these available machine learning models is PoseNet. It's a vision model that can be used to estimate the pose of a person in an image or video. This is done by determining where the key body joints are, like your elbows, hands, hips, knees ankles, etc.
\nThe Single Shot MultiBox Detector is a popular algorithm to detect objects in images and video feeds. It is popular because of its speed. The principle is relatively simple to understand: the algorithm tries to reduce the image complexity as quickly as possible, only doing deep analyses on shrunken, simplified feature maps.
\nThis approach works best if you want to detect large objects, as they stand out quickly: generating enough high level features to do predictions early on in the algorithm. This is great for body detection, which is one of the first steps when you want to determine human poses (first look where a person is, then what his/her pose is).
\nImage and person recognition is something where the people from China are pretty good at, for various reasons. Their algorithms perform well on relatively weak hardware. This enables computer vision on all kinds of devices to work well, in realtime!
\nBeing able to detect poses in realtime enables all kinds of cool stuff. You - quite literally - can become the game controller or input for an interactive art installation!
\nWith 928 spherical faux fur puffs this art installation by Daniel Rozin is amazing. The sculpture is controlled by hundreds of motors that build silhouettes of viewers using computer vision.
\nEnabling people to loose themselves for a moment was only possible by bringing different disciplines together. This amazing interactive art installation directed by Chris Milk is a giant triptych that takes viewers through various stages of flight using computer vision.
\nWorking on creative and experimental projects is an incredible privilege, it is what makes my work so exciting.
\nWith ever increasing heaps of data, digital and autonomous sense-making is a major challenge for the future: one I am keen to work on!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2019-12-01_realtime-human-pose-recognition-through-computer-vision/", "title": "Realtime human pose recognition through computer vision", "summary": "For an exciting new project I have been experimenting with computer vision using TensorFlow. I wanted to achieve realtime human pose detection to drive interactive video projections and games. Time to dive into the world of machine learning, tensors and computer vision!", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2019-12-01_realtime-human-pose-recognition-through-computer-vision/Realtime-human-pose-recognition-through-computer-vision-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2019-11-30T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2019-11-26_supernova-e3-pro-2-dynamo-powered-headlight/", "content_html": "Earlier this month my dynamo powered headlight on my commuter bike needed replacing. One of the electrical connectors broke of, likely caused by intense daily use. I searched for the best possible light, one that would be extremely durable and bright. I found the Supernova E3 PRO 2 and decided to install it on my bike.
\nThe E3 PRO 2 is very much a top model of the Supernova brand, a German company with an extra focus on longevity, performance and environmental impact. They are proud on their Deutsche Ingenieurskunst. Their quality doesn't come cheap: the Supernova E3 PRO 2 costs as much as some people spend on their entire bike... is it worth it?
\nThe light is highly regarded by many different retailers and authorities that have thoroughly tested it. It received numerous awards, including the German \"VSF all-ride\" seal of quality. The headlight stands out because of the functionality, usability, lifespan and the quality of the material. It won't break down, but the company does offers 5 years of warranty.
\nThe E3 PRO 2 is the top model of the dynamo lights produced by Supernova, it has the following specifications:
\nThe light comes in a cardboard and metal box, with barely any plastic. It is well packed and the metal box can be re-used to put other (bike)stuff in. Because of it's price, I ordered anti-theft bolts too.
\nYou can order different kinds of pre-fitted cable configurations attached to the headlight from Supernova. I ordered one with two simple, long cables. This allowed me to solder the light onto my bike: eliminating vulnerable micro connectors.
\nIt's a little bit more work, but in the long run this means the light will always have a solid electrical connection. You'll connect the head light to the dynamo and to your rear light. This enables the mechanical button to switch to both lights on and off.
\nThe only exception to my direct-soldering approach is the connector located at my Shimano hub dynamo. There will be (unfortunate) situations where I will need to remove my front wheel, like in case of tire punctures. Luckily this connector is sturdy and easy to (re)attach to the light cable.
\nMy bike has internal cables going through the frame. This is great to keep the cable from harms way, but when you need to replace the cable it means fiddling through tiny holes. To minimise the fiddling I decided to solder the new cable on to the old one, using it as 'pulling cable' through the bike frame.
\nAfter pulling the old cable out, I undid the soldering and prepared the connection to the rear light. It's a good idea to put shrink wraps on the cable joints where they are exposed to the elements (and dirt). On my bike this joint is located below the bottom bracket.
\nAs I don't like any cables exposed (more than necessary), I decided to tie-wrap it closely to the sturdier shifting cable. This way it is better protected against accidentally pulling it out (by another bike, in the city, etc).
\nThe light fits nicely on my bike, it is very sturdy and well built. The brightness is amazing! It is really good when you use this on your daily commute.
\nI'll need more time with the light to judge its proclaimed longevity, but already I have a feeling that it will prove excellent in the long run. As a good light is essential for your personal safety on the bike, I think investing in quality like this Supernova E3 PRO2 makes perfect sense!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2019-11-26_supernova-e3-pro-2-dynamo-powered-headlight/", "title": "Supernova E3 Pro 2 dynamo powered headlight", "summary": "Earlier this month my dynamo powered headlight on my commuter bike needed replacing. One of the electrical connectors broke of, likely caused by intense daily use. I searched for the best possible light, one that would be extremely durable and bright. I found the Supernova E3 PRO 2 and decided to install it on my bike.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2019-11-26_supernova-e3-pro-2-dynamo-powered-headlight/Supernova-E3-Pro-2-dynamo-powered-headlight-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2019-11-25T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2019-11-22_building-a-professional-72tb-nas/", "content_html": "Over the past few years I have been moving my data and work from local computers (mostly laptops) into the cloud. Cloud computing is done by servers in a datacenter, powerful computers that do the hard work. As my company grew, I needed more capacity. It was time to add some power to my cloud!
\nOver the past few years \"The Cloud\" has been marketed as a magical phenomenon solving many business problems. From a technical perspective however, it is nothing more than concentrating computer power in datacenters instead of on your desk.
\nThe main advantages are that you can access (extremely) powerful computing resources that scale as your work load grows. Imagine your desk: there is only so much space for a computer. In contrast, a datacenter is physically much larger and allows many different server computers to be working in concert, offering more capacity.
\nIn addition to scalability, the datacenter is a much better environment for computers than your office. Think of simple thinks like dust, spilling coffee, power outages and differences in temperature and humidity. And if you're like me, commuting by bike, it's a good thing that your data is safely stored in a datacenter instead of on a laptop in your backpack (exposed to shocks, weather, etc).
\nMy company uses HPE servers as they have a proven track record for reliability and offer many smart design features that allow easy maintenance. In many ways they are designed to make a system engineer's life easier.
\nOn the picture above you'll see the HPE DL380 server on the inside. Let me explain it's innards from left to right:
\nJust like your desktop or laptop computer, the server needs an operating system too. For servers it is common to use a special kind of operating system that allows for other operating systems to be installed remotely. The main operating system allows you to divide the capacity into multiple virtual servers, this is called an hypervisor OS.
\nThe advantage of using multiple virtual servers is that you can more easily transfer work loads between physical machines without the need to reinstall software. The virtual servers are generic and capable of running on different types of hardware. This enables scalability and redundancy if you use multiple physical servers in combination with multiple virtual servers.
\nInstalling the operating system works a little different than your average office computer. The server has no CD / DVD drive to allow installation from physical media. Instead I use a local network to serve the installation files to the server. This is done using my ThinkPad X1 laptop running a webserver. I configured the HP server to connect to this laptop as boot option.
\nThe MacBook is connected to the server through HPE's iLO. It allows it to act as monitor and keyboard. This makes it possible to control the installation from my desk (instead of standing next to the noisy server).
\nThrough iLO it is possible to see all the individual components of the server. It allows engineers to check upon the physical status of the server, see how it's doing.
\nAfter the main operating system is installed, the server needs to be placed in the datacenter. In Amsterdam there are many different datacenters. My company has multiple servers in different locations, limiting the risk of data loss in case of local fire and disaster. Bringing the server to the datacenter is as simple as making an appointment with the network operation center, signing some contracts and jumping in your car.
\nTo allow for an easy installation in the datacenter I preconfigured the network settings to match that of the datacenter. If everything works well, this enables \"plug and play\" of the server. It did, hooray!
\nOnce the server is up and running you can connect to it remotely. This allows you to use it as a real part of \"the cloud\", tapping into it's computing power from a distance.
\nPowering the cloud are the many server computers inside datacenters. Depending on your needs, you can either rent some capacity from others or install physical machines yourself.
\nFor various reasons I choose to operate my own physical machines, maximising performance and control. Managing servers (both physical and virtual) has become somewhat of a lost art, albeit a critical one for today's cloud powered internet.
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2019-11-22_building-a-professional-72tb-nas/", "title": "Building a professional 72TB NAS", "summary": "Over the past few years I have been moving my data and work from local computers (mostly laptops) into the cloud. Cloud computing is done by servers in a datacenter, powerful computers that do the hard work. As my company grew, I needed more capacity. It was time to add some power to my cloud!", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2019-11-22_building-a-professional-72tb-nas/Building-a-professional-72TB-NAS-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2019-11-21T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2019-10-19_flying-in-a-c47-a-dc-3-classic-plane/", "content_html": "As a wonderful birthday gift I was honoured to fly in a DC-3 classic plane. It was the 75-year old PH-PBA, a C-47A Skytrain or Dakota, formerly owned by H.R.H. Prince Bernhard from The Netherlands. It's a very special plane operated by the enthusiastic people from the Dutch Dakota Association (DDA Classic Airlines). Read along for some aviation history!
\nThe C-47 is a military version of the civilian Douglas DC-3. Built by the wonderful ladies known as \"Rosie the Riveters\", this C-47A Skytrain was built in the Douglas factory in Long Beach, California in 1943. Many women worked on the planes as most men were enlisted to war.
\nDuring World War II the C-47 was used by many countries to transport troops, cargo and wounded. More then 10.000 aircraft were produced. In Europe the C-47 was used during D-Day to drop more than 50,000 paratroops.
\nThe C-47 operated by the Dutch Dakota Association (DDA Classic Airlines) was built in 1943. It was part of the 316th Troop Carrier Group during D-Day where it flew in formation with 35 other C-47's to drop more than 600 paratroopers in dropzone 'O', near St. Mère Église, Normandy, France. During this mission the plane was shot, taking damage but remaining able to return to England. After repairs the plane was involved in many more missions, including operation Market Garden, the Allied attempt to liberate The Netherlands.
\nIn 1946 H.R.H. Prince Bernhard bought the aircraft from General Eisenhower for US $ 50,000. A bargain, he thought, as the aircraft had locked up only 300 flying hours. The aircraft with military markings \"42-100971\" is registered in the Dutch aviation register as PH-PBA, where PH- being the country code for The Netherlands and PBA is short for \"Prince Bernhard Alpha\". It became the first Dutch government aircraft.
\nThe plane remained in service until 1975 when it was donated to the Aviodrome museum at Schiphol Airport. For long H.R.H. Prince Bernhard kept a strong wish to restore the airplane to flying conditions. After years of restoration, the plane was ready to fly again in 1998 when the Dutch Dakota Association was granted the right to operate and maintain the PH-PBA.
\nIt's one thing to read about and walk around a piece of aero history, to fly it is sensational! Lucky me, as I got a ticket from my pilot buddy Tim to fly along over the Frisian lakes (Friese Meren) in this special piece of aircraft history.
\nThe PH-PBA is equipped with two Pratt & Whitney R-1830 Twin Wasp aircraft engines. They are two-row, 14-cylinder, air cooled engines producing about 1200 HP. Each engine weighs about 567KG and displaces 30 liters. It requires regular servicing, which is done by the volunteers from the DDA. They are piston engines and that is something special these days: easily distinguishable by their sound!
\nAlthough the C47-A is capable of starting its own engines, the PH-PBA is usually started using a generator. As history is full of sweet irony, it's a German built, Deutz diesel powered electrical generator. It's really cool to see this old tech still working fine; it's a welcome contrast to many of the modern day planned obsolescence.
\nUnlike modern commercial passenger planes, the DC-3 stands tall on the platform with it's tail near the ground and cockpit up in the sky. It's quite the view when you stand near the aircraft. Entering the plane is done from the rear, where you sort of 'climb' into the cabin.
\nInside the cabin you realise how far modern aircraft design (and comfort) has come. It's really sensational to take your seat inside this flying museum. The cabin offers a clear view into the cockpit where you'll see the pilots.
\nOnce the engines are started you'll feel the plane become alive. Fumes, vibrations, sounds, it's all magnificent! The aura of 75-years of history suddenly feels very tangible, it is really something special!
\nDuring the DDA flight you're free to walk inside the cabin and have a look in the cockpit. The flights are usually flown by (former) KLM pilots, who'll passionately talk about the 'Grand Old Lady'.
\nI can highly recommend that you book a flight with the amazing people from the Dutch Dakota Association to experience aviation history unlike anything else.
\nIt's been a privilege to fly along with the PH-PBA over Frisian Lakes on a beautiful autumn day. Thanks to my buddy Tim for this amazing birthday gift!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2019-10-19_flying-in-a-c47-a-dc-3-classic-plane/", "title": "Flying in a C47-A (DC-3) classic plane", "summary": "As a wonderful birthday gift I was honoured to fly in a DC-3 classic plane. It was the 75-year old PH-PBA, a C-47A Skytrain or Dakota, formerly owned by H.R.H. Prince Bernhard from The Netherlands. It's a very special plane operated by the enthusiastic people from the Dutch Dakota Association (DDA Classic Airlines). Read along for some aviation history!", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2019-10-19_flying-in-a-c47-a-dc-3-classic-plane/Flying-in-a-C47-A-DC-3-classic-plane-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2019-10-18T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2019-10-07_multi-window-support-in-your-ipad-app/", "content_html": "Last month Apple released iPadOS, the first dedicated operating system for iPad. It differs from iOS with its support for the larger iPad screen, including multi / split screen windows. I develop apps and it was time to take advantage of these new possibilities that iPadOS offers.
\nEver since 2016 I have been using iPad as my main computer, it's a great mobile computer. The operating system is however, unlike that of most computers. iPadOS is based on iOS that runs on Apple's popular mobile phone, the iPhone. This makes the iPad a little different in daily use because of how it run apps.
\nBecause of the smartphone roots of iPadOS, the operating system handles apps like an iPhone does: apps run full screen focused on a single task. People love iPad for this as it's a great way to keep your mind concentrated on a single thing.
\nThere are situations where running multiple windows simultaneously can be very useful, and this is where Apple improved iPadOS when it introduced support to run apps side-by-side.
\nEven if you're working on a single task, having support for multiple windows is very useful as it allows you to run multiple instances of the same app at once. This enables different use-cases where you can look and edit content from different angles. Like comparing two different months in your agenda, editing a long document or looking at the map at different scales simultaneously.
\nWhen Apple introduced the support for multiple windows on iPad they designed this with respect to the mobile roots of iPadOS. Unlike traditional PC apps, where complex software can run through multiple different windows (and panels) by default, iPadOS maintains the requirement that an app must be able to do everything from a single window.
\nIt's a design requirement on iPad that all app windows are of the same kind, and each one can do everything in the application. The user could do anything from one window if they want to. They should be able to create multiple windows only if they think it's useful, but the app should never require that. This facilitates the simple way apps run oniPadOS, you can continue to use apps full screen like on a smartphone.
\nFrom a technical perspective Apple introduced UIWindowScene with a corresponding UISceneSession abstraction in the UI structure. It sits between the UIScreen and UIWindow.
\nWhen iPadOS (and iOS) run multiple apps, it is possible that the operating systems closes an app from the background to safe memory and power. This is by design: it keeps the operating system fast and kind to the battery.
\nFrom an app lifecycle perspective, this means that you need to check if your app was running before when it is started. When there is an existing UISceneSession the app should reconnect to it, to provide a persistent interface state to the user. When done right, the user will not notice that the app was interrupted while in the background.
\nIf you adopt the new UIWindowScene (and UISceneSession) concepts in your app, you'll be able to take advantage of the new multi-window capabilities of iPad. But there is one more thing: Apple is planning to bring iOS and iPadOS apps to the Mac. With the new UI concepts your app will run great on macOS, too!
\nAs developer I had little trouble implementing the new UI concepts in my apps. With relatively little effort you can enable many different use cases where the same app provides more power to the user.
\nApple did not rush the support for multiple windows on iPad, but took its time to design it well. If you adopt the new concepts your app will be more powerful to the users.
\nIt's always a good idea to take your time to understand underlying interface concepts before you start developing. Do it right (and good) instead of fast (and stupid)!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2019-10-07_multi-window-support-in-your-ipad-app/", "title": "Multi-Window support in your iPad app", "summary": "Last month Apple released iPadOS, the first dedicated operating system for iPad. It differs from iOS with its support for the larger iPad screen, including multi / split screen windows. I develop apps and it was time to take advantage of these new possibilities that iPadOS offers.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2019-10-07_multi-window-support-in-your-ipad-app/Multi-Window-support-in-your-iPad-app-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2019-10-06T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2019-09-27_visiting-an-international-hackers-conference/", "content_html": "This month I was lucky enough to attend Global AppSec Amsterdam, an international conference for hackers and security specialists. There were presentations from former intelligence agents, bounty hunters, academics and software vendors. I learned about some of the newest hacking techniques, met with interesting people and played some cool retro games. Read along for more.
\nThe OWASP Foundation is a not-for-profit organisation dedicated to create tools, documentation, forums and conferences around software security. OWASP is special because it's free from commercial pressure, it is not affiliated with any technology company. They advocate approaching application security as a people, process and technology problem because the most effective approaches to application security include improvements in all of these areas. More about OWASP can be found on https://www.owasp.org.
\nThe Global AppSec events are organised all over the world. This September there was such an event in my hometown Amsterdam. Check their schedule to find out if OWASP is coming to your town.
\nOne of the most impressive stories was told by Chris Kubecka, a woman wo has worked for the US Air Force and United States Space Command. She is a computer security researcher, and cyberwarfare specialist.
\nShe talks about her work at the Royal Saudi Arabian Embassy in The Hague. It's very interesting to learn about how the local police, the Diplomatic Corps and special agents were involved to ultimately prevent a bomb attack on the Kurhaus in Scheveningen. It's when you hear these stories that you realise that not everything that happens gets featured on the news!
\nAfter the keynote about terrorists, cyberwarfare and bomb attacks it was time for some coffee and games. Playing retro games is a fun way to meet other hackers on the conference as you'll have an obvious shared thing to talk about. That's useful as most IT-experts need a little help breaking the ice when it comes to socialising...
\nAfter coffee there were several sessions that you could attend. I selected a few based on my personal interests and my work.
\nOne of the talks I attended involved attacking websites using Local Storage or cookies. Aptly named \"Don't trust the locals\", the presentation from Marius Steffens and Ben Stock was very interesting. Their academic research revealed that many websites are vulnerable for threats gaining a permanent foothold!
\nIn his brilliant talk James Kettle describes his research on possibly one of the most dangerous hacking techniques on the modern web: HTTP Request Smuggling by desyncing HTTP requests. This technique uses vulnerabilities when a website uses a content delivery network (CDN), a web cache or a web application firewall (WAF). It's amazing to learn about this, to understand the underlying principle and to learn how to defend against this kind of attack.
\nIn another interesting talk Jarrod Overson explains the state of credential stuffing attacks. This type of attack involves using leaked account names and passwords on different websites, which is surprisingly successful as a lot of people use the same password on different sites. He explains how to bypass CAPTCHAS and how hackers make their malware mimic human behaviour for fraud. He concludes that fraud is a human problem, not a technical one - driven by simple economics: it's worth hacking!
\nIn his talk, Gergö Turcsányi talks about how he became a bounty hunter. He explains that you don't need to be an incredibly skilled mathematician to do this, all you need is a little creativity and some time to time to poke around. Eventually, this led him to successfully hack Google!
\nVisiting Global AppSec was fantastic! It's a privilege to meet other hackers, learn from them and hear about the things you normally won't see on the news.
\nWhatever you take away from a conference, there will always be something that you didn't expect to learn. It's this unexpected learning that makes visiting conferences very much worth the effort!
\nThis month I had to deal with backscatter spam, affecting one of the mail servers I manage. As server engineer I make sure that servers don't send spam and that incoming email gets filtered. Despite all good efforts, this server kept being blacklisted for sending spam to iCloud, Office 365 and Google Gmail for Business (G Suite). Read along to find out how what caused this and how to fix this.
\nThe server is a Postfix mailserver on Debian GNU/Linux running all the latest updates and security patches. The server is used by legitimate customers that can only use it with proper authentication.
\nIndividual user authentication on a mail server is an important measure against abusing the mail server. If spam gets sent, you can see what user is causing the problem by looking at the mail server logs. In technical terms this means you prevent the server to become 'an open relay'. Postfix offers many settings to limit SMTP relay using access control.
\nServer abuse by individual users happens when their computer gets a virus or when their password gets sniffed. That can happen when you access your mail over an insecure WiFi without encryption (TLS/SSL). For situations like this, it's a good idea to rate limit the amount of emails that individual users are allowed to send. You can use individual Postfix configuration parameters (such as smtpd_client_message_rate_limit, smtpd_client_connection_rate_limit and smtpd_client_recipient_rate_limit) or use a Postfix firewall like Postwfd.
\nDespite all the measures against spam abuse, the server still got listed on http://backscatter.org for sending spam. If a server gets listed on a black list, other servers will no longer trust it and consider all messages to be suspicious. This can cause your (legitimate) messages to be seen by other servers as spam (false positives). To understand why this happened, you first have to understand what backscatter spam is.
\nBackscatter spam is incorrectly automated bounce messages sent by the mail server, usually as a side effect of incoming spam.
\nBackscatter occurs when spammers forge the sender address. They send a mail message that they expect to be bounced using somebody else's address as sender. When the mail message bounces, the mail server returns the message to the falsified sender... causing the server to effectively deliver spam to the sender address.
\nThe simple backscatter scenario is where a message gets bounced to the wrong sender. It's a scenario that's simple to solve by configuring the server not to send bounce messages, but to respond with an SMTP error code instead.
\nUnfortunately there is another (harder) scenario causing your mail server to send backscatter spam. This happens when somebody on your server configures his or her mail account to forward email to another address. The second server might have a more stringent spam filter that causes messages to be blocked upon forward. Your mail server will then inform the original sender that forwarding failed, causing backscatter spam.
\nThe forwarding scenario is much harder to solve as you possibly don't control the other mail server or its spam filter settings. What's worse is that there is often a some delay between accepting the message and forwarding it, making it impossible to wait for a response of the other mail server.
\nThe only way you can fully prevent backscatter spam is to be very stringent at the first mail server, at the initial SMTP connection stage. This solves the challenging 'forwarding scenario' by being very selective what messages get forwarded.
\nThe best way to prevent backscatter spam is to block it before it enters the (chain of) server(s).
\nTraditionally, servers use advanced spam filter such as SpamAssasin to analyse messages one by one. This causes additional load on the mail server.
\nIt's much easier to look at the sender (e.g. if he wears a red hat) for initial filtering. Is the sender on a black list? Does he use a 'normal' mail app, or are messages being send by a virus or malware? You can determine many things by looking at the 'language' the sender speaks.
\nIn Postfix you can specify SMTP restrictions in the main.cf configuration file. There are checks that can be used to block messages. It's a good idea to work from 'easy to hard' in filter logic, starting with things that can be checked without consulting external servers. This reduces network traffic and load. Only if a message passes all checks, it gets permitted for delivery (or forwarding).
\nUpon delivery you can implement additional complex (and user specific) spam filtering using tools like SpamAssasin or Bayes filtering. By reducing the influx of obvious spam messages, these resource intensive filters can do their work much more efficiently.
\nFighting spam at server level is a challenging game as spammers get more creative in abusing mechanisms of mail servers. If your server gets blacklisted for backscatter spam, you need to be wary of forwarding scenarios. Keep an eye on blacklists to see if your server is causing trouble.
\nBlock messages with error codes instead of returning them to the sender (bouncing). Configure the server with a stringent delivery policy. The best way to prevent backscatter spam is to block messages before they enter the mail server, now you know how.
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2019-09-10_fighting-backscatter-spam-at-server-level/", "title": "Fighting backscatter spam at server level", "summary": "This month I had to deal with backscatter spam, affecting one of the mail servers I manage. As server engineer I make sure that servers don't send spam and that incoming email gets filtered. Despite all good efforts, this server kept being blacklisted for sending spam to iCloud, Office 365 and Google Gmail for Business (G Suite). Read along to find out how what caused this and how to fix this.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2019-09-10_fighting-backscatter-spam-at-server-level/Fighting-backscatter-spam-at-server-level-800px.png", "date_modified": "2019-09-09T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2019-08-28_riding-with-a-power-meter-on-your-bike/", "content_html": "After I created a minimal road bike, I decided to install a power meter to find out what's it like to measure the power output of my legs. What can you learn from a power meter? Is it difficult to install? Is it worth it? Read along to find out.
\nMost power meters use strain gauges that deflect slightly when force is applied. By measuring this torque and combining it with angular velocity, power (measured in Watts) can be calculated. In addition to speed, cadence and heart rate sensors, power meters are a perfect tool to quantify your (training) performance.
\nThere are different types of power meters available, differing in accuracy, ease of installation, maintenance requirements and bike portability. Power meter types:
\nA very popular pedal power meter is the 4iiii precision powermeter. Like the popular Stages power meters, the 4iiii power meter replaces your existing crank. Selecting the right power meter model is as easy as looking at your existing crank, you'll find the model and crank arm length near the pedal bolt
\nThe 4iiii Precision Powermeter comes in a small box with a clear 5-step instruction printed on it.
\nUse a crank tool to remove the exising crank from your bike. I have a Shimano groupset and used the TL-FC16/FC-M960 crank tool. It's a (cheap) piece of plastic that allows you to remove the bearing cap from the crank. Use an alley key to loosen the two bolts, there is a small plate between the crank ends that you should popout to remove the crank.
\nWhen installing the power meter crank, you should pay attention to the instruction indicating the right amount of torque. Tighten the bolts evenly and equally using a torque wrench.
\nTo use the power meter you should pair it with a compatible bike computer or your smartphone. I use an app as bike computer and therefore pair the power meter to my phone. Download the 4iiii app and follow the instructions to start a Bluetooth scan.
\nOnce you have paired with the power meter, you should check for firmware updates. I had to install a few that improve the power meter's battery life, reliablility and accuracy. This can take a few minutes to complete.
\nOnce you have connected and updated the power meter, you should calibrate it. This will allow it to detect its 'zero value' by performing a measurement in vertical position. The app will guide you through this, calibration will take a few moments. Once calibrated you can use the power meter in any of your favourite apps, including Strava and Cyclemeter.
\nUsing a power meter you can see how much energy your legs are applying to the pedal(s). It's a direct quantification of your efforts on the bike. It will take some time for you to get a feeling with the Watts measured by the power meter.
\nI use a Wahoo RFLKT+ in combination with the Cyclemeter app. It shows me the realtime power output, measured from my crank arm. This realtime feedback is interesting while riding your bike as you'll be able to see the (huge) differences in Watts measured.
\nSituations like going through a corner with the angle of the wind changing, can clearly have significant effects on the measured power output (when you maintain a certain speed / cadence). Or, when you change your position on the bike, like holding the handle bar from the top or bottom. Or, how much harder it actually is when you go faster (hint: that's not a linear relation!)
\nCompare the power meter to the heart rate sensor and you'll note that it's much more direct. It goes up and down instantly as you change the intensity of your pedalling. The combination of power meter and heart rate data is interesting. It allows you to find out what your maximum sustainable power is. Everybody can go (very) fast, but speed depends on external factors like wind. By looking at power data you'll be able to more accurately compare different rides, track your training progress and compare your efforts to other cyclists.
\nLook at the data above, it's from one of my rides with the power meter. Here you can see my heart rate, cadence, speed and power meter data in combined graphs. I cycled 23 KM's that can be divided in four segments:
\nFitting a power meter on your bike is not difficult using the right tools. Connecting and calibrating the sensor is easy using your smartphone and the right app. Once connected and calibrated you can use the power meter with various apps.
\nRiding with a power meter offers you extra insights in your performance. You'll be able to quantify the intensity of your ride by looking at actual delivered energy. Training with power data is well worthy of another blog post that I might write in the future.
\nDo you need a power meter? Unless you're a pro athlete, I think you don't really need one. But if you're interested in performance data beyond metrics such as heart rate, speed and cadence - you might find a power meter useful. Just remember to enjoy your ride, whether with or without a power meter!
\nOver the past months I have worked on different bikes, leading to an accumulation of spare parts in my garage. I wondered how hard it would be to make a new bike using these spare parts. I decided to take advantage of this moment to refinish some parts, removing excessive decals in order to create a minimal looking road bike.
\nBefore you start working on building your (new) bike you should make a plan. Create a list of parts you have and what parts are missing. For me this meant I had a nearly complete group set, but I missed brake/shifter cables a saddle and rubber.
\nIf you work with old parts, make sure to clean them thoroughly. If bike parts are used they collect dirt that affect performance over time. You'll be surprised how beautiful old bikes and parts are when you clean them.
\nMost bike parts, like a rear derailleur, can be taken apart using standard tools like a torx wrench or allen key. You can (and should) replace bearings when you're at it. It's easy to do and will make the bike feel like new; most bearings have their exact specification written on them.
\nAfter you've cleaned all the parts you plan on using, you can consider refinishing them with a fresh layer of paint. Earlier I removed all paint from a bike frame, but this time I wanted the new bike to have a fresh, minimalistic paint job.
\nSome of the parts had signs of wear on them, while others had (excessive) decals. I selected a black/white colour scheme in order to create an uniform clean look. The risk with putting all kinds of parts together is that you'll end up with a Frankenstein-ish creation.
\nI spray painted the various smaller parts after I've fixed them on a piece of wood. The piece of wood allowed me easily take them outside to apply (thin) layers of paint. Once painted I simply put the entire piece of wood back into the garage to let it dry. I repeated this proces about three times.
\nTo safe yourself from a painful back, you should consider getting yourself a work stand for your bike. It makes servicing bikes a lot easier as you can adjust the angle and height of your bike (parts). I used my bike stand to paint both the frame and fork. I fixed the frame to the stand using a piece of copper pipe - allowing me full access to all parts in need of a fresh layer of paint.
\nFor best spray paint results, you should really (really!) take your time. It's better to apply multiple thin layers of paint rather than one single, thick and drippy one. I applied about four or five layers of white paint and finished it off using two layers of transparent lacquer.
\nOnce you have collected, cleaned and refinished all the parts nescesary, it's time to put them together. It's a fun job to put your own (new) bike together as you'll gain an understanding of all the different parts that is impossible to equal when buying a bike from a shop.
\nIt's a good idea to install the seat post first, allowing you to fix the bike frame in the work stand. The seat post tube is often (by far) the strongest tube on the bike, much stronger than the top tube which often is the weakest!
\nMake sure to apply fresh grease because you probably removed existing grease when you cleaned the bike. The main function of grease is to keep water away from bearings, in addition to prevent squeaky and ticking noises.
\nAnother very important thing to keep in mind is that you can easily apply too much pressure on bolts. You should really invest in a (good) torque wrench to prevent excessive powers on bolts, junctions, bearings and tubes.
\nMany bike parts have a maximum torque value written on them in Newton Meter (Nm). If you cannot find a value on your bike part, you should look it up online. Don't guess or pick a random value: your life depends on your bike staying together when you're cycling on it!
\nInstalling the cassette is easy with the right tools. Use a cassette tool and chain sweep to install or remove a cassette. Make sure to align the individual sprockets as they have specific teeth that enable smooth shifting. This is easy because the axle has a specific pattern allowing just one way for the sprockets to be installed.
\nOnce the cassette is installed, you can put the wheels in the bike frame. This is the moment when you realise you've created a bike (and it's no longer just a bunch of parts).
\nOne of the last tasks is to install the cables and connect them to the derailleurs. Depending on the frame it can be difficult to get the cables through (internal) guides and holes. Take your time to do this, as the alignment and length of the cables greatly affect the shifting and braking smoothness.
\nAligning the derailleurs is not very hard to do, but it is a good idea to watch some YouTube instruction videos on how to index your gears. Once again it's easier to do this if you have fixed your bike in a work stand, allowing you to pedal and shift freely while finetuning the gears.
\nMany hours later the spare parts have become a modern and minimalistic road bike! You will feel proud of your creation as it is more than the sum of its parts.
\nBuilding your own bike will give you an incredible understanding of its parts. It is very satisfactory to ride it!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2019-08-18_creating-a-minimal-road-bike/", "title": "Creating a minimal road bike", "summary": "Over the past months I have worked on different bikes, leading to an accumulation of spare parts in my garage. I wondered how hard it would be to make a new bike using these spare parts. I decided to take advantage of this moment to refinish some parts, removing excessive decals in order to create a minimal looking road bike.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2019-08-18_creating-a-minimal-road-bike/Creating-a-minimal-road-bike-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2019-08-17T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2019-07-16_limitations-of-sleep-tracking-using-a-wearable/", "content_html": "Sleep monitoring is a popular feature of many smartwatches and wearables. Devices like Fitbit, Withings, Apple Watch and Biostrap analyse biometrics during your sleep. These wearables are worn on the wrist and use optical sensors to capture your heart rate. I wondered how the optical sensors would compare to a high resolution chest strap HR-monitor.
\nMost smartwatches and wearables use optical heart rate sensors to measure your heart rate. These need a light emitter (usually green or (infra)red LED's) and a photo sensor to analyse light refracting off your flowing blood. This data is analysed and processed into metrics such as heart rate. Because this sensor type requires processing and multiple components, it typically uses more power. Check out my detailed post about different HR-monitor types
\nAs batteries in wearables are usually limited because of their physical size, heart rate monitoring cannot be done continuously during sleep. It's common to only take heart rate measurements with intervals as low as just once every 5 or even 10 minutes!
\nThat means you'll get just 6 or 12 measurements per hour. That is very limited when you consider that your heart will beat 3600 times an hour at a common 60BPM.
\nContrary to the optical sensor used in most wearables, a chest strap HR-monitor can easily capture your heart rate in realtime: providing multiple (accurate) measurements per second! This is why this sensor type is popular by professional athletes during their workouts. Like I explained before, it can do this because of its conductive connection to your body allowing it to capture your heart's electric activity directly.
\nAlthough the chest strap is power efficient and reliable, it's not very comfortable to wear for any other than working out. That's why all the sleep tracking is usually done using optical sensors in wrist worn wearables.
\nWhat difference would it make if sleep analyses was done using multiple data points per second instead of just a few measurements per hour? I decided to wear a chest strap heart rate monitor during my sleep to find out.
\nTo compare data from the chest strap I decided to wear another (optical) heart rate monitor on my wrist: Biostrap. Like most smartwatches, it uses an optical sensor to capture metrics. I configured it to capture data every 5 minutes (a common interval, just like Apple Watch).
\nMy experiment went well, a night without interruptions other than my regular nightly \"daddy duties\". The next morning I reviewed the data captured by both sensors.
\nYou can clearly see the difference in data collected by both sensors. They more or less agree on the average and minimum heart rates. But the data from the chest strap clearly shows more and higher spikes. The chest strap detected a maximum of 111 BPM versus the 69 BPM maximum measured by the optical sensor.
\nI wonder where these spikes come from, I think they may be the result of me dreaming, turning around or (slightly) waking up in response to an external sound. Because of their short duration these spikes are missed by the optical sensor which only does one heart rate measurement every 5 minutes.
\nThis is why most wearables use a gyroscope sensor in addition to the heart rate sensor. Some smartwatches use the microphone to detect external sounds, too.
\nWearing a chest strap HR monitor during sleep revealed that data captured by the commonly used optical heart rate sensor is incomplete. Short disturbances (causing spikes in heart rate) are easily missed.
\nIn a way, the optical heart rate sensor feels like a speedometer that only works a few times per hour. Additional data from gyroscope and microphone can't fully make up for the missing data. You would consider your speedometer broken!
\nTherefore you should consider if sleep tracking using a wrist worn sensor is worth all the effort. You might be better off spending your time and energy doing something else, like sleeping! Sweet dreams!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2019-07-16_limitations-of-sleep-tracking-using-a-wearable/", "title": "Limitations of sleep tracking using a wearable", "summary": "Sleep monitoring is a popular feature of many smartwatches and wearables. Devices like Fitbit, Withings, Apple Watch and Biostrap analyse biometrics during your sleep. These wearables are worn on the wrist and use optical sensors to capture your heart rate. I wondered how the optical sensors would compare to a high resolution chest strap HR-monitor.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2019-07-16_limitations-of-sleep-tracking-using-a-wearable/Limitations-of-sleep-tracking-using-a-wearable-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2019-07-15T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2019-07-15_optical-vs-chest-strap-heart-rate-monitors/", "content_html": "With modern wearables, smartwatches and fitness bands, it has become easy and common to measure your heart rate. There are however fundamental differences in sensor types. Some sensors capture the electrical signal from your heart while others use light to analyse the blood flowing through your vessels. If you're interested in measuring heart rate, it's good to understand these differences.
\nIf you want to measure your heart rate (HR), you basically have three options:
\nBoth optical and electrode HR sensors use different different signal types to measure the same thing: heart rate. This is a fundamental difference between the sensor types as it greatly affects the sensor's convenience, accuracy and power efficiency.
\nIn order to be able to capture the heart's electric activity, this sensor needs direct contact with your body, typically through two or more electrode pads. In a hospital they connect up to twelve pads, whereas a typical chest HR-monitor uses two pads placed on your body using a strap. Once it has a signal it works accurately and power efficiently.
\nAn optical HR-monitor needs a light emitter (usually green or red LED's) and a photo sensor to analyse light refracting off your flowing blood. This data is analysed and processed into metrics such as heart rate. Because this sensor type requires processing and multiple components, it typically uses more power than a electrode HR-monitor. External light (such as bright sunlight) can interfere with the sensor's accuracy if the sensor is not perfectly snug on your wrist.
\nBecause of its accuracy the electrode based sensor is commonly used in hospitals and by professional athletes. Its direct electrical connection to your body allows realtime monitoring in a power efficient manner.
\nThe optical sensor type does not require electrical pads or straps to capture your heart's activity. It can operate from a wearable or smartwatch, right from your wrist. This allows it to comfortably take heart rate measurements periodically, useful for long term heart rate monitoring.
\nIf you combine the two different sensor types, you can get interesting and detailed insights into your heart's activity. Use a directly connected chest strap to capture a workout in detail, while use an optical heart rate monitor (in a wearable or smartwatch) to capture your recovery during the hours after the workout. I did this during an intense ride around the Markermeer earlier this year.
\nBoth optical and electrical heart rate sensors measure your heart's activity. Yet they differ fundamentally because of the different signal they use to count your beats per minute. If you combine them, you'll be able to take advantage of both of them!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2019-07-15_optical-vs-chest-strap-heart-rate-monitors/", "title": "Optical vs chest strap heart rate monitors", "summary": "With modern wearables, smartwatches and fitness bands, it has become easy and common to measure your heart rate. There are however fundamental differences in sensor types. Some sensors capture the electrical signal from your heart while others use light to analyse the blood flowing through your vessels. If you're interested in measuring heart rate, it's good to understand these differences.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2019-07-15_optical-vs-chest-strap-heart-rate-monitors/Optical-vs-chest-strap-heart-rate-monitors-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2019-07-14T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2019-06-25_assembling-a-cargo-bike/", "content_html": "This month our Babboe Big cargo bike arrived, in boxes. The engineer in me thought it was a good idea to assemble the bike by hand. This way I would know exactly about all its parts and fittings, handy knowledge for maintenance. Read along for my experience and some practical tips.
\nThe Babboe Big is the original cargo bike from when the Babboe company launched in 2006. This Dutch company set out to create an affordable, high quality cargo bike, suitable for transporting children. The Big is their own version of the traditional three-wheeled Dutch cargo bike, proving to themselves that they could manufacture quality at scale for affordable prices. It's incredibly popular in The Netherlands ever since.
\nThe frames are made and flat-packed in Asia. If you order your bike online, you're offered the to assemble the bike yourself. Compared to the 'ready-to-ride' delivery option, assembling the bike yourself is €300 cheaper. That seemed like an easy win for me... because how hard can it be to assemble a bike, right?
\nThe bike arrives in many different boxes, containing wheels, parts of the frame, parts of the wooden cargo box and the semi-assembled rear end of the bike. It's a very good idea to think about where you're going to have your build fest. Assembling the bike can take hours and you really don't want to move all the parts, nuts and bolts around.
\nOnce you have unpacked all the boxes, you'll get a good feeling on how much work assembling the bike actually is. Unlike a modern road bike, this cargo bike has in incredible lot of individual nuts and bolts. What's more, each individual nut+bolt connection will require two, three or even four rings. Picking the right combination, every time, is time consuming (and worth paying attention to!).
\nMake sure not to remove the screws from their bag as each of them is marked with a letter, used as reference in the manual. Really pay attention to the drawings in the manual as not all parts are symmetrical (and have only very small visual differences, like a nut hole). Even the great magnificent author made a few mistakes.., requiring me to disassemble parts of the bike in later steps. Not handy.
\nYou'll need some wrenches, hex keys and a screw driver to assemble the bike. The relatively uncommon 15MM wrench is included. But if you're into bikes like me, you'll probably have such a wrench as it's common for fitting bike pedals.
\nAt a certain stage you are to join the rear and front frames. This is done using a central connection, right underneath the cargo compartment of the bike. This is where the Chinese precision is really apparent (and appalling).
\nThe assembling kit comes with purpose built filler plates that you're supposed to squeeze in to make up for errors in precision. To ensure a tight fit you should try to use both of the filler plates. It will take some balancing around (as the front and rear frames aren't exactly light), but it's possible to squeeze everything into place.
\nDon't use a (metal) hammer to precisely position the filler plate in front of the holes as it will damage the frame's paint. Instead consider using a piece of wood and a hex key to make the nesscecary adjustments before bolting things together.
\nOnce the front and rear parts are connected, you are to connect the brake cables to the front wheels. There is no designated cable management, you are to figure this out yourself - instructed to use some (non-included) tie wraps to fix things up...
\nIn a time when modern bikes have internal cable management, I think this is hopelessly old fashioned. Whatever you do to arrange the cables, make sure to test if any of them obstruct the swinging of the cargo box. You don't want any cables to get stuck causing damage or an accident.
\nOnce the frame (and cables) are done, it's a relatively simple matter of building the (wooden) box. The box itself provides some structural integrity to the (front)frame. For this reason it's a good idea to make sure you have fixed all the bolts, but only after (final) assembly as some of the bolts need a little space to 'wiggle in' other parts.
\nOnce the cargo box is done you are to choose the \"inner furniture\" of the cargo bike. This is where the flexibility of the design really shines. You'll get two flippable benches as standard, but you can choose to omit them, replace them or augment them with optional baby/infant seats.
\nAfter hours of assembling the cargo bike I now have the feeling that I know it through and through. From an engineering perspective, that's great. But, if you're a parent with not an infinite amount of time... you might consider the fully assembled delivery option.
\nWhatever you choose, I can clearly understand why the Babboe Big is such a popular cargo bike. Its big box is very versatile and spacious. In addition to your kid(s), it can easily carry a lot more, an incredible lot!
\nTomorrow it's six months since our son was born, a good moment to reflect upon the experience of being a parent of a kid with MCADD. This metabolic condition demands special attention on the feeding schedule and preparation for situations when things go different. It's good to share that this has quickly become normal for us, here are some thoughts and tips.
\nSix months ago our son was born with a rare genetic metabolic disorder called \"medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency\" or MCADD. During the first few weeks this was nothing but an emotional rollercoaster ride. In addition to the life changing event of becoming a parent, we had to learn and deal with MCADD. Toss in some sleepless nights, and you're in for some serious test of character.
\nJust like I noticed after my first few weeks as dad, you and your body will quickly adapt to the new situation. With some creativity and flexibility, you'll find new (and fun) ways to do things. I guess this is true for being a parent in general, but when your kid has a special medical condition, finding a nice routine actually feels like an accomplishment.
\nDuring the first two months we had some practical problems with spilling milk and baby cramps. This prevented our son to fall asleep easily. This is challenging in combination with the tight feeding schedule. With MCADD you have to respect the schedule, meaning you'll have to wake up your baby. It's annoying to wake up a perfectly sleeping baby when you know it will be a challenge to have him fall asleep again.
\nThe spillage of milk was easily solved by making the milk a little thicker using Nutricia Nutriton, containing Johannesbroodpitmeel. Annoying baby cramps were alleviated using Infacol. We consulted our doctor before doing this.
\nWith the practical problems under control, we were able to establish a nice routine. This is a natural process where you simply embrace the pace and figure out what works, and what doesn't. We do all kinds of things, like walking, shopping, swimming, going to a restaurant, going with public transport, visiting family, long car rides, etc.
\nYou'll learn along the way, becoming more proficient with caring and feeding on the go. I expect this to be very much like any parent's experience, but with a special medical condition gaining this confidence is actually very important.
\nDealing with MCADD has become part of our routine, we don't really think about it anymore as something special. Thanks to our attention to his feeding schedule, we didn't run into any problems because of insufficient food.
\nThere were a few occasions when we were on 'extra alert', notably when our son got his first cold and when he was vaccinated. With MCADD, fever can lead to dangerous situations because of the body burning more energy. We are prepared for such situations with high energy food, medicine, information and emergency procedures.
\nRegular feeding at night is part of the MCADD baby feeding schedule. Exact times shift as the kid grows older, but feeding at night remains for now. I pretty much do all the night time feeding sessions, allowing myself to get used to this.
\nIf you look at the sleep data from the first six months, you can see the feeding sessions as it marks either the beginning, the end or interruption of my sleep (interruptions are purple in the chart).
\nYou can see the feeding time shift from 2.30 during the first month, up to 5.00 in May and June. If you have very sharp eyes, you'll notice that the interruptions get shorter, too. This is because the sessions become more efficient and routine driven.
\nEventually I began experimenting with staying awake after the last nightly feeding session, using the early morning hours to be productive for work. You can also see that I regulary go to bed early or do a daytime nap to make sure I have enough sleep hours on average.
\nAfter the intense initial weeks, the first six months have been very good for all of us. We learned a lot and experienced a great deal of \"normalness\". This allowed us to develop a routine in dealing with MCADD, without thinking about it all the time.
\nThere is always the chance that we will run into MCADD problems later on, but this doesn't hold us from doing all the things other kids and parents do! That's the key thing to take away from this post!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2019-06-24_six-months-with-mcadd/", "title": "Six months with MCADD", "summary": "Tomorrow it's six months since our son was born, a good moment to reflect upon the experience of being a parent of a kid with MCADD. This metabolic condition demands special attention on the feeding schedule and preparation for situations when things go different. It's good to share that this has quickly become normal for us, here are some thoughts and tips.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2019-06-24_six-months-with-mcadd/Six-months-with-MCADD-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2019-06-23T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2019-05-29_solo-around-the-markermeer-211km/", "content_html": "This week I took my bike for a long distance (211KM) ride around the Dutch Markermeer, solo! Unlike participating in an organised event with service, support and company along the way, going solo requires a different preparation, mindset and planning. Read along for some practical tips for long distance cycling.
\nWhen you're planning to go for a long distance bike ride you better prepare yourself. Start with smaller rides, get used to your bike and sitting on the saddle for increasingly longer times. You and your bike need to be best friends before you set off for the long journey.
\nI know my bike very well as it's my commuter bike. For this long distance ride I have prepared my bike with some extra items:
\nWhen you're long distance cycling you need to bring along enough food and drinks. I usually bring along \"Snelle Jelle\", a sugary bread-like snack with high energy levels. I also like fruit biscuits as they have a crispier bite.
\nIt's very important that you choose foods that you like. Other common options are fruit and energy gels. Whatever you choose, know that your body can process sugar more efficiently than fats during endurance workouts.
\nYou should not eat too much before departure. I usually drink 1.5 liters of water and eat some fruit before I leave. But know that whatever works for me, might be different for you. Try different things to find out what suits you best.
\nTo know where you're going is just as important as preparing your bike and your food+drink supply! Plan your route based on distance, available (day)time, environmental characteristics (mountains, hills, open windy areas) and points of interest.
\nMemorise the route, use a navigation system or bring a map. In The Netherlands there are plenty of indicated (bike) routes that are helpful to find your way. I have a (weird) personal preference to find my way without any means of navigation as it adds to the adventure, but you should not follow my craziness to this extend...
\nThis time I planned to go around the Dutch Markermeer. Today it's a large lake, but it used to be much larger and it was called the \"Zuider Zee\". Following floods, it was decided to be enclosed with dams and to be pumped dry. Quite literally, it's a Dutch landmark in terms of water works. If you're unfamiliar, you should definitely check out the history of Flevoland and the Zuiderzee Works, it's seriously amazing!
\nThe fascinating thing about the Markermeer route is that you'll be cycling through very different environments. On the West there is \"old Holland\", with various famous villages and cities (like Hoorn, Edam, Volendam and Monickendam). In the North you'll be cycling through the former sea on the Houtribdijk, a 30KM man made dam enclosing the lake. It's quite the thing to have water left and right of you, for as far as you can see! The Eastern part of the route is the new (Flevo)land, characterised by (very) long straight lines, many open spaces and the Oostvaarders Plassen nature reserve. The Southern part is old land again, with the Muiderslot castle and Amsterdam.
\nWell prepared, I departed in the early morning for my ride around the Markermeer. It's a good idea to (last minute) check the weather forecast for the day. The Dutch weather service predicted strong winds on the Markermeer. I planned to take it easy in the beginning to be ready for the (strong) winds during the second half of my ride.
\nI decided to cycle the route clockwise as I liked the challenge of facing the strong winds on the open dykes in Flevoland (between Lelystad and Almere). You can see that I started with minimal effort, indicated by the lower heart rates. The graphs clearly marks the turning point, about half way, from where you'll see increased rates and lower speeds.
\nLooking at my heart rates throughout the day and night, you can clearly see my ride standing out. I used an Apple Watch and a Biostrap sensor to capture my heart rates before and after my ride. Combined with the data from my bike computer app, this provides an interesting insight in the time it takes to recover from my intense long distance ride!
\nLong distance cycling is big fun because you'll experience the ride very intensely and detailed.
\nBy bike you're welcome where cars, trains, busses and planes can't come. Effortlessly traverse through villages and city centres.
\n\n
\n
With your bike you can stop (almost) anywhere to enjoy beautiful views. There is plenty to see if you take your time to look around.
\nSmell the flowers, the trees and the sea. Rediscover your nose when you help it escape the many air conditioned environments you might normally be in.
\nAlthough it's about 149 million kilometres away, you'll feel the sun, even if it's cloudy! For the better or the worse, it's an intense sensation! Create Vitamine D while you'll make the tanning studio obsolete.
\nForget spinning classes in your local gym, there is nothing like the wind out in the open! It's a mighty ally or a fierce-full foe... depending on its direction and speed.
\nIf you're cycling solo you'll have plenty of time alone. Nature can be very calming when you're out in the early morning, way before other people have woken up. Relieve stress as you're pedalling along with lots of time to think about things. It's hard to overestimate the meditative effects of a long distance ride!
\nYou never quite know what you'll encounter on your way. I never expected to cycle underneath a tall ship! Or to sit inside a little bus with a very friendly driver!
\nWith the proper preparation a long distance cycle ride is something incredibly awesome! It's intense, challenging, rewarding and fun!
\nDon't doubt yourself, anybody can do it! I am not a particularly good athlete, just a guy with a crazy idea and a little preparation. Sometimes that's enough!
\nWhen you're building websites, apps or email services you may run into domain names and their configurations. When everything is working as it should, most of this is invisible. But when troubleshooting a domain name configuration, it may be necessary to dig a little deeper... read along to learn how!
\nThe internet works using numerical internet protocol (IP) addresses as means to locate and to identify online computers, (cloud)services and devices. Instead of memorising all these IP-addresses, the domain name system has become the essential world wide directory service, linking names to numbers.
\nYou're reading this on willem.com, but in reality this domain name is simply a pointer for a physical machine, connected to the internet (with wires, really!). One of those wires is linked to IP-address 87.253.135.162. It's the responsibility of the DNS server to keep the correct (IP-address) numbers matching to the (domain) names.
\nWhen the Americans designed their ARPANET in the early seventies, one of their military design requirements was that the network would survive attacks (by enemies). They accomplished this by implementing packet switching, a way to share and reuse network cables by multiple people in multiple ways. If one part of the network gets damaged, packets of information are rerouted over other parts of the network.
\nTo achieve maximum survivability, there is no single root DNS server. Instead, the domain name system delegates responsibility of assigning domain names and mappings to those names by designating an authoritative name server for each domain name.
\nThis is why there are many different DNS-servers and configurations. With so many ways and places that things can go wrong, you need a tool to dig around.
\nThe 'dig'-command is a tool for questioning DNS nameservers for information about IP-addresses, hostnames, mail servers and other kinds of network settings. The dig-command is available on Unix, macOS, GNU/Linux and Windows.
\nYou can use dig to get information about a given domain name by simply typing: 'dig willem.com'. See the following screenshot with explanation:
\nTo detected forged sender addresses in emails (so called email spoofing), the SPF standard was defined in 2004. Originally called \"Sender Permitted From\", SPF is a way to check if somebody is allowed to send email on behalf of a given domain name. SPF allows the owner of a domain name to specify which computers are authorised to send email with FROM addresses of that domain.
\nIf a domain name owner publishes a SPF-record, spammers and phishers are less likely to (ab)use the domain name to send forged emails, pretending to be from that domain. An SPF-protected domain is therefore less likely to be blacklisted by spam filters, making it more likely to allow legitimate email from the domain to get through. A misconfigured SPF-record can however disrupt email delivery.
\nUsing the dig-command you can query a SPF-record and see what the exact sender policy is. See the following screenshot with explanation:
\nThe easiest way to understand IP-address block notation is by the following examples:
\nWhere you'll see '0' in the addresses above, other values are included. So, for instance, the 173.194.0.0/16 actually means \"all the addresses starting with '173.194' \". Given 255 possible positions on each octet, that is 255x255=65025 different addresses!
\nTo solve problems you need to know where the problem is. Using the dig-command you can learn about a given network and domain configuration.
\nAnswers from one command to another, enable you to dig deep into the innards of the amazing interwebs. Good luck!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2019-05-24_dig-for-dummies/", "title": "Dig for dummies", "summary": "When you're building websites, apps or email services you may run into domain names and their configurations. When everything is working as it should, most of this is invisible. But when troubleshooting a domain name configuration, it may be necessary to dig a little deeper... read along to learn how!", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2019-05-24_dig-for-dummies/Dig-for-dummies-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2019-05-23T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2019-04-30_the-best-bike-computer-app-cyclemeter/", "content_html": "This month I have intensified my training to become fit for this year's Fietselfstedentocht, a 235KM bicycle ride through Friesland. Over the years I have tested different kinds of bike computer setups: from dedicated (and expensive) Garmin Edge bike computers to no data at all. Eventually I came up with a flexible setup to gather advanced ride data using my smartphone, let me explain how this works.
\nIf you collect data on your bike you can gain insights into your physical performance. If you track your ride data over time this will allow you to improve your condition. This can be helpful if you're preparing for a long grand fondo, a race, or if you simply try to loose weight and feel fitter. With modern technology you can collect cycle data like:
\nIf you're planning on collecting bike ride data, you have many hardware options. Over the years I have used different bike computer setups to collect ride data. From dedicated Garmin EDGE bike computers, to just an Apple Watch to no data at all.
\nIf you consider a dedicated bike computer you can choose to use very advanced systems like the Garmin EDGE 1030. This is what professional athletes use. They are very advanced and therefore expensive (more than €500). This might be overkill, especially if you're planning on collecting ride data on smaller rides (to the grocery store...).
\nAlternatively, you can opt for a more minimal approach. The Omata One analogue bike computer is designed to \"de-computerise\" the ride itself. It still collects ride data for post ride analysis. This mindful design doesn't come cheap either ($550).
\nI always prefer simple solutions to advanced problems, therefore buying an expensive dedicated bike computer felt wrong to me, knowing that I already carry an advanced (and expensive ) mobile computer: my smartphone!
\nAvailable for iOS and Android Cyclemeter is probably the most advanced bike computer app you can find.
\nThe app has an incredible amount of features and options that can easily overwhelm you in the beginning. You should really take the time to configure the app to your liking (and needs). The great thing about Cyclemeter is that you can greatly control what data it collects and what data it shows.
\nTo get the best out of the Cyclemeter app you can connect it to external sensors. It's compatible with many different Bluetooth speed, cadence, power and heart rate sensors. If you like realtime data you can even connect it to external displays like Apple Watch or a Wahoo RFLKT display on your steer.
\nWhat's great about the Cyclemeter setup is that it's very flexible. You can connect everything or leave things out. I use this flexibility to scale my data collection up or down, depending on the kind of bike ride. Like sometimes I use the heart rate sensor in my Apple Watch and sometimes I use a dedicated (and power efficient) waist worn heart rate sensor.
\nThe Wahoo RFLKT+ display is a very cheap (±€50) device that connects to the smartphone to display data. It isn't a computer: it can only display data. Its battery life is fantastic, measured in months! Using Cyclemeter you can configure it to show different things.
\nDepending on your preference, you can setup multiple pages with different layouts and font sizes. In addition to the advanced screen (shown above), I like to use a simple default screen showing my current speed and heart rate.
\nUsually I put my smartphone in a bag to protect it from bad weather. It's safely tucked away and using my Apple Watch I control the Cyclemeter app. You can use Apple Watch to start/pause/stop rides, show ride data and to collect heart rate data. It works great with Cyclemeter.
\nIf you feel adventurous, you can mount your expensive iPhone on your bike's steer using a rubber strap or a more professional (and reliable) mounting system like Quad Lock.
\nTake your time to figure out what kind of ride data is important to you. Your smartphone is a perfect mobile computer that can be a bike computer using the right software.
\nConnect your smartphone with sensors and displays to collect all the advanced ride data you want. I think that dedicated bike computers are like dedicated cameras or navigation systems: great for some professionals, but do you really need one? I don't. Happy riding!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2019-04-30_the-best-bike-computer-app-cyclemeter/", "title": "The best bike computer app: Cyclemeter", "summary": "This month I have intensified my training to become fit for this year's Fietselfstedentocht, a 235KM bicycle ride through Friesland. Over the years I have tested different kinds of bike computer setups: from dedicated (and expensive) Garmin Edge bike computers to no data at all. Eventually I came up with a flexible setup to gather advanced ride data using my smartphone, let me explain how this works.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2019-04-30_the-best-bike-computer-app-cyclemeter/The-best-bike-computer-app-Cyclemeter-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2019-04-29T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2019-04-25_search-like-a-pro-google-search-operators/", "content_html": "You probably use the world's most famous search engine to find things everyday, but you might not know about some of its advanced search operators. You can use these special search phrases to find things that are otherwise burried in the search results. Read along for a comprehensive list of advanced Google search operators.
\nYou may wonder why you might need the advanced search operators? Well, you can use them to narrow your search to very specific pages. This can be useful for things like:
\nPerform an exact-match search by encapsulating the search phrase in quotes. You can use this to refine search results, or to exclude partial matches.
\nexample: \"Willem Laurentz Middelkoop\"
\nSearch for both X and Y, the results will include pages that match both keywords.
\nexample: Ronaldo AND Juventus
\nSearch for X or Y, the results will include pages matching either or both keywords. You can use the pipe (|) operator instead of \"OR\".
\nexample: Apple | Samsung
\nExclude search results that match a given term or phrase preceded by the minus. This is useful when you are specifically looking for something that is not X or Y.
\nexample: Jackson -Michael
\nUse Google's built-in dictionary to display the meaning of a word.
\nexample: define:hacker
\nDisplay the most recently crawled version of a given website. This can be useful when the actual website is offline or recently changed. This only works if the page is indexed by Google (most pages are).
\nexample: cache:formula1.com
\nSearch within a given website (or partial website address).
\nexample: watch band site:http://www.apple.com
\nFind website that are somehow related to a given website.
\nexample: related:ajax.nl
\nOnly show results that are a given file type, like PDF, XLSX, TXT or DOCX.
\nexample: ascii art filetype:txt
\nOnly show pages with a certain search phrase in the title.
\nexample: intitle:privacy
\nLike 'intitle', but only shows pages with all of the specified words in the title tag.
\nexample: allintitle:privacy statement
\nShows pages containing a certain word somewhere in the content.
\nexample: intext:abacadabra
\nLike the intext filter, this filter only shows pages that contain all words on the page.
\nexample: allintext:open sesame
\nFind pages that contain a given word in their URL. This is handy when you're looking for a specific kind of page on a website (like an upload or login page).
\nexample: inurl:upload
\nSimilar to 'inurl' the 'allinurl' filter only shows pages that contain all given words in their URL.
\nexample: allinurl:running shoes overview
\nWith these advanced search filters you can tune your search queries to deliver you more targeted results. This allows you to find things quicker, or find things that otherwise would remain burried in the numerous results.
\nWhen you combine these advanced search filters you can become a true 'search ninja'. Try these queries for good fun:
\nA lot of people use WordPress to manage their website, therefore it's no surprise people ask me to have a look at their site's security. As ethical hacker, I encounter WordPress in different shapes, sizes and states. Some of them are really badly protected against hacks. Prevent your site from being hacked using these 10 practical tips.
\nThe majority of WordPress hacks is the result from a lackluster update policy. Hackers use automated bots to find outdated software versions containing known security problems. Once they have found your website to be vulnerable, hacking it is often a piece of cake.
\nThese days updating WordPress can be done automatically, so you won't have to do it yourself. Check out the instructions on how to update WordPress.
\nThe bad security reputation WordPress has earned is mostly due to the platform's extensible parts, specifically plugins and themes. These are the primary attack vectors exploited by cyber criminals to hack and abuse your WordPress website. Their security vulnerabilities are usually the result of mistakes and oversights during development.
\nBe very reluctant and cautious to install plugins on your WordPress website. You should check who's the developer of the plugin or theme, determine if they have a good reputation when it comes to writing safe code. Plugins and themes with lots of downloads are often actively being maintained, a good indicator for security. Update all plugins and themes and keep an eye on the security track record using a website like wpvulndb.com.
\nWordPress websites without TLS/SSL encryption pose a security risk because whenever you login to administer the website, your password is sent in clear text. This means that anybody that is listening to your network traffic can easily get your password. With a valid password hackers can simply login, you don't want to make it that easy for them, right?
\nUse TLS/SSL to encrypt all communication between the webserver and your browser. That means nobody can decipher what you type into the password field by looking at the network traffic. TLS/SSL certificates that you need to enable HTTPS encryption are very cheap these days, ask your hosting provider to get one on your site.
\nNo matter if you follow all the other tips to secure your website, weak passwords are another common source for WordPress security breaches. Because most WordPress installations have an \"admin\" user, hackers can use password dictionaries to automatically guess your password.
\nThink of a strong password as of something that nobody has used before. This usually means longer, with more different characters, not comprising known words or phrases. You can use a password generator to get something really hard to guess (and easy to forget...). Prevent using the same password on multiple sites and consider enabling two step authentication for maximum access control.
\nJust like you should not flaunt your cash and gadgets in shady streets, you should be careful where (and when) you login to your website. A computer with spyware, malware or a virus can record key strokes (and your password) and send it to criminals. Or even in a non-digital way: an adversary can literally look over your shoulder (in the bus, train or coffee shop) while you enter your password.
\nBe careful where and when you work on your website. Don't work on a shared or public computer when you don't need to. If you work using a public WiFi hotspot you must use encryption to prevent anyone from sneaking along. You can do this using TLS/SSL or by using a VPN (like buffered.com). Make sure your computer, tablet or smartphone is updated.
\nThe WordPress REST API provides access to all data that is available on your website in machine readable JSON format. Posts, pages, categories, tags, comments, media, users, settings and more can be easily accessed. For instance, try adding this part to your website address: /wp-json/wp/v2/users to get a list of all the valid usernames of your website, do you want to share that with hackers?
\nDisable the REST-API to prevent content scraping (plagiarism) and to prevent leaking user data. User data is personal and should no be shared publicly if you value privacy and security - think GDPR. You can disable the REST API using a plugins like Disable REST API or REST API Toolbox. Check out the detailed blog post by Jeff Star for more about securing the WP REST API.
\nThe XML-RPC is a feature of WordPress that enables remote control of your website using XML (RPC stands for \"remote procedure call\"). This mechanism allows you to manage your website without logging into WP-Admin, for instance using external services or apps. Unfortunately, the XML-RPC feature is a security weakness since it basically is a backdoor that hackers can try to break using brute force or special commands.
\nPrevent xml-rpc.php problems by disabling this WordPress feature entirely. You can do this using the Disable XML-RPC plugin or by manually configuring the webserver using a htaccess file.
\nEverybody knows that to login to WordPress, you simply add '/wp-admin' to your website address. Any hacker can easily get started with brute forcing your website because of this. It's much harder to break a lock if you cannot find it.
\nConsider hiding or replacing the wp-admin page. Experts call this \"security through obscurity\", relying on secrecy for security. You can use a plugin for this, or configure the webserver to limit access to wp-admin by IP address filtering. Check out this blog post for ways to hide and protect the wp-admin page. Be warned though, relying on secrecy alone is not enough - you should implement the other tips, too.
\nEven if you implement all these security tips to secure your WordPress website, it might not be enough if your hosting is insecure. Hosting is the service that allows your website to be made available on the internet. This is done using special computers called servers. Just like the website itself, the web server publishing it must be secure, too. Think of a hosting as a ship, if it sinks it will take all passengers (websites) with it...
\nInvest in reliable hosting by selecting a hosting company with a good reputation. Pick one that fits your company well, consider hosting using a dedicated (managed) VPS. Be aware that cheap hosting options are often cheap because the server is shared with (many) other (possibly insecure) websites. Read along to understand the security concerns in shared hosting.
\nAlthough your website may be up and running smoothly now, things may change for the worse in the future. Security is never an absolute thing, it's always possible you'll run into bad weather. Prepare yourself for trouble and don't let security problems go unnoticed.
\nCheck your own website regularly - or hire somebody to do this for you. With a plugin like WP Security Audit Log you can spot attacks and suspicious behaviour early on. Make backups of your website, so you're ready to recover from cyber disaster. Accidents happens to the best of us, make a backup of your website to prevent loosing your work completely. Check this blog post to learn about different ways to backup your WordPress website.
\nThe security of your website is just like the security of your office or house. When you leave it, you close the windows and lock the doors, right? Don't neglect the security of your website, it's just as important as its design and content.
\nIf you implement these security tips, your website will be much harder to hack by cyber criminals. Do it yourself or ask somebody to help you.
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2019-03-31_wordpress-10-tips-to-secure-your-website/", "title": "WordPress: 10 tips to secure your website", "summary": "A lot of people use WordPress to manage their website, therefore it's no surprise people ask me to have a look at their site's security. As ethical hacker, I encounter WordPress in different shapes, sizes and states. Some of them are really badly protected against hacks. Prevent your site from being hacked using these 10 practical tips.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2019-03-31_wordpress-10-tips-to-secure-your-website/WordPress-10-tips-to-secure-your-website-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2019-03-30T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2019-03-20_servicing-a-robot-vacuum-cleaner/", "content_html": "Back in 2011 I got myself an iRobot Roomba 555 robot vacuum cleaner to automatically clean my apartment. It's a little circle shaped robot that drives around sucking up dust bunnies. Over the years it has bravely fought the dangers of my apartment... shoes, cables, carpet and belts. It survived and it is still working perfectly! This week it was time for some maintenance.
\nIn 2002, iRobot launched the Roomba vacuum cleaner robot. The Roomba is able to change direction when it encounters an obstacle, detect dirty spots on the floor and prevents crashing down from stairs. The iRobot company was founded in 1990 by three roboticists named Colin Angle, Helen Greiner and Rodney Brooks. The company was originally dedicated to making robots for military use.
\nThese days iRobot is fully dedicated to consumer robots. But I still love the idea that there is some military precision and resilience in my vacuum cleaner.
\nTired of vacuum cleaning myself, I was looking for some robotised with dust bunnies help in 2011. I was lucky to find a store in Amsterdam that sold one of the first robot vacuum cleaners available in The Netherlands: the iRobot Roomba 555.
\nUnlike some other consumer products, the iRobot Roomba is a resilient piece of technology, provided you take care of it. I regularly service it since it started its job in 2011.
\nTo keep the robot operational you'll need to make sure it doesn't get stuck. A periodic maintenance and cleanup is recommended. I'll show you to do this using step by step instructions. You'll need:
\nDisclaimer: I am not responsible for damage inflicted on your robot friend, if your maintenance attempt fails. You may void warranties while doing it...
\nThis should be your standard maintenance, remove dust from the bottom of your robot using the other vacuum cleaner. We'll get to the dust container/filter and brushes later.
\nThe robot navigates using infrared sensors. They are located behind transparent 'windows' near the edge of the robot. You should thouroughly clean them in order for them to function at peak efficiency.
\nThe front wheel of the robot features a black and white pattern. What you might not know is that there is a sensor located underneath the wheel to scan for this 'brightness/darkness'-pattern to detect movement.
\nAfter many hours of vacuum cleaning there is usually some dust on it. Clean it by pulling out the wheel base. If you want to you can remove the wheel and clean its bearings.
\nAfter the first few years of service my Roomba started losing its original front wheel on bumps... Its axle was worn loose. I replaced it with one I found on Ebay that uses a screw for fixture.
\nThe next step is to remove hairs and dirt from the brushes. Have a close look at both ends of each brush. Remove caps and check underneath them. Use a screw driver (or a small knife) to cut hairs loose.
\nThe other spinning brush requires loosening a screw to be removed. Use the small screw driver to wiggle it loose from its center axle. You'll be surprised how much dirt can hide underneath it...
\nDuring vacuum cleaning the robot collects fine grained dust on the inside. Every now and then I remove bottom cover to have the inside thoroughly cleaned. The Roomba is a maintenance friendly robot, the screws required to remove the bottom cover are clearly marked with a triangle.
\nOnce you have removed the bottom cover you'll find more dust and dirt. Depending how long your Roomba has been in service this can be quite the amount! Check around corners and near the wheel bases.
\nAfter many years of faithful service, you can expect the battery to loose its capacity. Eventually this causes the robot to run out of juice very quickly. It's absolutely worth it to get a replacement battery. I got an original iRobot XLife Extended Life Battery.
\nAnother part that needs incidental servicing is the cleaning head. You can access it by removing the entire case containing the brushes. Dust can collect near the motor causing possible heat problems. Once removed, flip it around and fight the dust bunnies you'll encounter!
\nLast but not least is the dust bin and filter. Being Dutch (and kinda cheap-ish a.k.a. 'ons bent zuunig') I don't replace the filter but rather clean it. You won't believe it, but this is the original filter - in service since 2011. Alternatively, iRobot will happily sell you replacement filters for $40.
\nPut everything back together and check if the wheels and brushes are not obstructed. Flip it around, your Roomba is ready for action again!
\nWhile it may take some time and energy, it's not all that hard to service your vacuum cleaning robot. Once you've done it for the first time, its very easy to do it again. Your robotic friend will be grateful!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2019-03-20_servicing-a-robot-vacuum-cleaner/", "title": "Servicing a robot vacuum cleaner", "summary": "Back in 2011 I got myself an iRobot Roomba 555 robot vacuum cleaner to automatically clean my apartment. It's a little circle shaped robot that drives around sucking up dust bunnies. Over the years it has bravely fought the dangers of my apartment... shoes, cables, carpet and belts. It survived and it is still working perfectly! This week it was time for some maintenance. ", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2019-03-20_servicing-a-robot-vacuum-cleaner/Servicing-a-robot-vacuum-cleaner-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2019-03-19T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2019-02-28_understanding-the-security-concerns-in-shared-hosting/", "content_html": "People pay me to hack them, provided I'll explain how it was done, so future hacks can be prevented. As security consultant, I scan for weaknesses in my clients' apps, webshops and websites. Very often a hack starts by exploiting a security hole that is visible remotely. Read along to learn how hackers find security holes and what you can do to secure them.
\nTo hack an app, webshop or website, hackers often target the servers that host it. To explain why hackers do this, you first have to understand what hosting is and what kinds of hosting there are.
\nHosting is a service that allows you to have your app, webshop or website be made available on the internet. Hosting is done using special computers called servers. When somebody types your website address in their browser, their device will connect to your server.
\nIf hackers are able to take control over a server, they can access and manipulate all information that is on it. In addition, they can abuse the server's network and computational capacity to do bad things. You really don't want this...
\nYour app, webshop or website can be hosted in different ways. Each kind of hosting has different concerns for security, but its relatively easy to understand as it all comes down to how the physical server (in the datacenter) is shared among the websites.
\nWeb hosting companies usually operate multiple servers and divide their capacity among the number of websites that need hosting. One big server can easily host multiple websites, all depending on the amount of traffic the app, webshop or website has.
\nThere are three different types of hosting:
\nIt's important to understand that most modern \"Cloud Hosting\" is actually shared hosting with a fancy name. Web design bureaus often configure their dedicated or virtual private server to sell shared hosting to their clients. So, unless you operate your own VPS or dedicated server, chances are you're on shared hosting.
\nThe security risks of shared hosting come from its sharing basis. When one of the websites in the same server as yours is hacked, there is a high probability that your website will be affected as well. In this situation, security measures applied to your own website might not be enough to protect it against hackers.
\nFurthermore, with shared hosting it usually means that all websites share the same IP address. You'll run into problems if any other website is involved in bad practice such as sending spam mails or hosting illegal content. This could cause your website to be blacklisted, blocked or downgraded in search engine rankings.
\nIf you consider that hosting companies usually put hundredths - sometimes even thousands (!) - of websites on the same shared server, you'll understand why this increases the chance of being hacked. In addition to security issues, a shared hosting service also affects your website's performance as it has to compete with other websites over the same limited amount of server resources. If one of the other websites experiences some extreme traffic, it could slow down your app, webshop or website too!
\nAnother problem with shared hosting is that usually the server has a lot of network facing services enabled, like a web, mail, FTP and database service. These services are available through open ports. It's bad form to have all ports open to everywhere because it exposes those services that are listening on those ports to exploits. Firewalls can limit what is allowed to connect a certain port, but in a shared hosting environment these restrictions are often not very tight (because of the many different things that are hosted on the same server).
\nTo hack your app, webshop or website a hacker can scan your hosting server for open ports, identifying the different services that run on the server. The unix program nmap is often used to do this. The hacker connects to the service listening on open ports to find out what program it is.
\nThis information can be used to check if running network services have any known security weaknesses. There are online libraries where these weaknesses can be looked up by software name and version. Finding a known weakness is as easy as a Google query. If an existing weakness is found, the hacker can use this to gain access to the server.
\nBy checking the IP address of the hosting server, the hacker can determine if the server is shared with other apps, webshops or websites. It's possible (using reverse DNS lookups) to list all the websites hosted on the same server. While yours may be up to date and secure, others on the same server might run outdated software (with security weaknesses). Common website software is well documented, older versions of PHP and WordPress are known to have serious security problems.
\nThe best way to secure your app, webshop or website is to limit its exposure to exploits as much as possible. Keeping your website software up to date is critical, but it might not be enough if your hosting is shared.
\nTo prevent other hacks from affecting your app, webshop or website, you should consider hosting it on a dedicated physical or virtual server with its own IP address. You can then tighten security by filtering open ports and shutting down unused network facing services.
\nThis way you reduce what cyber security experts call the \"attack surface\". The smaller it is, the easier it becomes to defend it - good luck and keep in mind that help is available!
\nA year ago I tried to create the ultimate commuter bike, a modified Sensa Cintura with the Gates CDN/CDX carbon belt drive. I received lots of messages from cyclists and commuters from all over the world. From the Swiss alps, France, Italy, Germany, United States and even \"down under\", Australia! You all wanted to know: how does the upgraded bike hold up?
\nLast winter I got myself a Sensa Cintura bike with the Gates CDN Carbon Drive to get through the Dutch weather. It was time for some upgrades after just 1800KM in eight weeks. I had to upgrade the Gates CDN carbon drive, read about it in my post from last year. Later I decided to remove the paint from my bike to create a minimalistic, raw aluminium look.
\nOver the past twelve months I have used this bike extensively. Originally I planned to use this bike only during winter time, but I liked it so much that I continued to use it for the entire year. From snowy conditions during winter all the way through the summer heat.
\nDuring the year I enjoyed the Schwalbe Durano tires, but I did got numerous punctures (mostly because of the many kilometers). You'll get handy at changing tires, but it remains annoying.
\nBecause of the extra slippery conditions, I changed my tires at the beginning of this winter. I swapped the fast, racy Schwalbe Durano tires for puncture proof, grippy Schwalbe Marathon Plus Tour rubber.
\nThe Schwalbe Marathon Plus Tour tires are real beasts. I haven't got a single puncture for the past 3000KM and I really, really like that. In fact, I like that so much, that I consider keeping them on my bike (and getting rid of the spare tire bag / pump). Check out this video if you doubt their robustness. They are heavier than the Durano's, but not all that bad in terms of handling and acceleration.
\nSo, last year after just 1800KM the original Gates Carbon CDN rear sprocket was showing signs of serious wear. I was greatly disappointed by this lacklustre quality and Sensa's poor choice for the CDN-line of the Gates Carbon Drive.
\nI replaced the rear sprocket for a better quality CDX-model and was very anxious to find out if this would be any better in the long run. It turns out to be so, the CDX rear sprocket is fine after 6000KM. Hooray!
\nThe drive is consistently performing fine, the weakest part of the original CDN system is the rear sprocket. In contrast, the CDN belt and front sprocket are very durable.
\nIt's amazing how resilient the Gates Carbon Drive system is, during the snowy winter months it resisted conditions that would have easily damaged a traditional chain / derailleur group set. Combined with the Shimano Alfine gear hub it's ready for many more kilometres.
\nDuring my 12 months on the bike my rear light stopped working because of an electrical failure in the LED-array. My Busch und Müller rear light is mounted inside the rear fender. It's right in the spray of dirt and water from the tire. I think this is a recipy for failure, the electrical components should be better protected from the dirty water.
\nIf you're like me (±85KG in weight) and cycling with a fast pace (>25KM/h) you'll be pushing the limits of the structural integrity of all the parts and pieces of your bike. This means that things can break down when the going gets a little rough. I snapped one of the rear spokes when I hit a hole in the road!
\nThe natural habitat of my commuter bike is the road between my home and office. But, during the year I did use the bike in different contexts, just because I liked it so much.
\nWith a good lock you can use the bike in downtown Amsterdam, it reminds you how versatile a commuter bike is. This is of course a great advantage over a full blood racing bike (you don't want to leave that unattended in the city...)
\nJust like last year, I cycled the 235KM Fietselfstedentocht. I figured it to be the ultimate endurance test if I could complete the Frisian tour of heroes on my trustworthy commuter bike. It did and it was awesome!
\nI love cycling and my commuter bike is probably the most versatile, robust bike I ever had. Its great to know that it works reliably under all conditions.
\nBut in the end, it doesn't really matter what bike you ride. What matters most, is the ride itself! To be out there cycling gives you a sense of freedom and tranquility that is hard to match!
\nEver wondered what's it like to have a road racing bike with a Gates Carbon drive? Then check out my story on Siegfried Road.
\nAfter 21.000KM I wrote another update on the bike: read it here.
\nJust days after our son was born, we ran into trouble when our little man didn't want to eat anymore. Repeated attempts to feed him failed as he appeared to be too tired to drink from his mother. When we measured his body temperature we were shocked, only 33º Celsius! What followed was nothing less than an incredible emotional rollercoaster!
\nWe wasted no time and decided to take our son to the hospital, PRONTO! Because my wife was still recovering from giving birth (and therefore she was less mobile), we decided that I should go alone with our boy to be as quickly as possible. This was one very convenient time to have experience with driving a car as fast as possible!
\nOnce in the hospital, the doctors knew of our arrival but couldn't believe the baby's temperature. They thought the measurement was an error, but their own reading confirmed the dangerously low body temperature. Before doing anything else, he was put in an incubator and was given some food via a syringe.
\nCritical moments passed when the monitor had trouble detecting the kid's heart activity. He was still breathing, but his low temperature and weak appearance caused serious concern. It's a rather shocking experience to see your newborn boy like this.
\nThe loving care of the nurses, the heath inside the incubator and the energy from the food did wonders for the little man. Within mere hours, his body temperature rose and he regained his appetite. I felt intensely happy to be able to feed him again!
\nAlthough his vital signs returned to normal, nobody (including the doctors) had any idea what caused the boy's crisis. The doctors followed standard procedure, taking tests to look for an infection or any sign of (internal) trauma that might have gone unnoticed since his birth. They found none, by all their standard readings and measurements the boy was completely healthy.
\nUnsatisfied with the lack of a clear cause, the doctors advised to keep our son under close monitoring for some more time. We were welcome to join him spending some nights in the hospital. Three nights later, we were allowed to go home as he continued to appear completely healthy. We remained uncertain about what caused his critical condition, but not for long as the answer would present itself (rather literally) at our doorstep...
\nWhile I was happily delivering birth announcement cards, I received a call from my wife: the doctor is here, please come home now!
\nOnce home, the doctor started what seemed like a textbook procedure for a 'bad news delivery'. He told us that the newborn screening revealed an anomalous reading, indicating a rare genetic metabolic disorder called \"medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency\" or MCADD.
\nWe were asked to go to the hospital immediately and present ourselves at the emergency room where a specialised doctor would await us.
\nThe specialised doctor welcomed us in a friendly manner, she explained that they needed to confirm the MCADD indication before jumping to any conclusions. This was done by taking additional blood and urine samples from our little man.
\nAs this was a different hospital (and doctor), we were asked how we experienced the days after our son's birth. Our story of his sudden hospitalisation did not seem to surprise the specialised doctor at all. Shedding new light on the crazy first days of his live, the doctor explained us what MCADD is.
\nMCADD is a rare genetic metabolic disorder affecting the body's ability to use fat as energy. The human body needs three primary nutrients in order to function:
\nAs we eat a meal, carbohydrates are broken down into glucose causing our blood sugar to rise. This causes insulin to be released into the bloodstream, enabling the glucose to enter our cells, distributing the meal's energy through our body.
\nIf there is more glucose than the body needs, the excess is stored in a \"glucose store\" (glycogen) inside the liver and in fat cells. In between meals, the body can use the glucose store for energy. When the glycogen is depleted, the body turns to fat stores for energy.
\nUnfortunately, those individuals with the MCADD disorder lack (or have an insufficient amount of) an enzyme necessary to break down the fat to produce energy. The medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase is an enzyme that is needed for the oxidation of medium chain fatty acids found in fats. The inability to oxidise these fatty acids, prevents the body from utilising fat as a source of energy. This can lead to an accumulation of unused fatty acids causing damage to liver and brain, leading to a metabolic crisis.
\nSimply put, with MCADD you run into trouble once all the energy from food is used. This leads to sleepiness, lethargy, coma and ultimately death.
\nThe additional blood and urine tests confirmed the MCADD diagnoses and marked the beginning of our son's life with MCADD, as there is no cure available (yet).
\nDuring additional visits to the hospital we learned that living with MCADD is perfectly possible by:
\nThanks to the newborn screening results we now know about our son's MCADD disorder. This helps us prevent future life threatening situations like the one we experienced just days after his birth.
\nThis is one hell of a way to start our parenthood, but it could easily have been much worse. I'll use this blog to share our (future) lessons in dealing with MCADD as it may help others. With proper care, there's no reason why someone with MCADD cannot live a normal, healthy and active life!
\nFeel free to contact me if you want to share a website or your experience with MCADD with me.
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2019-01-29_born-with-mcadd/", "title": "Born with MCADD", "summary": "Just days after our son was born, we ran into trouble when our little man didn't want to eat anymore. Repeated attempts to feed him failed as he appeared to be too tired to drink from his mother. When we measured his body temperature we were shocked, only 33º Celsius! What followed was nothing less than an incredible emotional rollercoaster!", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2019-01-29_born-with-mcadd/Born-with-MCADD-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2019-01-28T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2019-01-24_my-first-weeks-as-dad/", "content_html": "Last Christmas my wife gave birth to our son, a little boy that would change everything! It's an incredible experience to become a parent, especially if it is your first kid. It introduces a whole new way of living, having to deal with regular feeding, caring and sleepless nights. Read along for my (biometric) findings and some practical tips!
\nDuring the middle of the night on December 24st my wife noticed that things were happening in her belly. She was due to give birth around Christmas, so we immediately suspected IT has begun... That's one really crazy way to wake up, I ensure you!
\nHaving prepared myself as much as possible, I knew I had to time the contractions. The more frequent and regularly the contractions occur, the further the \"birth process\" is. With my IT-engineer's eyes I tried to make sense of the situation, having funny thoughts of progress indicators along the way: \"Unzipping baby... 34% complete... please stand by\". I was wise enough to keep these thoughts for myself as my wife was undergoing some serious pains.
\nSome hours later the contractions were rapid and intense enough to contact the midwife's office. We went to the hospital for the actual birth. We planned to do this and had a suitcase with Maxi Cosi on standby. Make sure you'll practice setting up the Maxi Cosi before you'll need it... I did!
\nOnce in the hospital, my wife had to work even harder and longer. Witnessing all the hard work from up close, it occurred to me that being a man has its advantages and that we (as men) should have intense respect for our wifes, mothers and grandmothers. At last, almost 25 hours later our son was born, hooray!
\nHearing and seeing your son for the very first time is something truly special. It must be one of nature's tricks, but I felt immediately attached to the little man. It's a beautiful moment, but it also marks the beginning of the crazy period you'll endure after birth.
\nThe truth is, that the period after birth is hard, very hard. You'll have to learn and do a lot of new things while you're deprived of sleep. Your life will be in chaos. I visualised my life as a LEGO building set taken apart: everywhere are familiar pieces but you have to figure out how to put them back together.
\nI decided to organise my rebuilding effort around three important themes:
\nThe first and foremost priority is personal health. This sounds selfish, but you need to be fit in order to help others. By far the biggest challenger during the first weeks of parenthood is sleep deprivation.
\nSoon after birth you'll desire sleep above anything else. Even a small nap during the day will feel like luxury. I used Biostrap to analyse my sleep pattern and effectiveness based on heart rate variance (HRV), an indicator of how well you're rested.
\nDuring my nights as newfound dad I change nappies and feed the baby using a bottle. This is done at a fixed schedule at 3 hour intervals, including two or three sessions during the night. This is the main cause for fragmentation of night rest. It takes time to adjust to this new pattern. During my first nights I barely recovered any HRV, effectively waking up sleepy.
\nI compensated for the mediocre nights using small naps during the day. Nap data is shown above in purple. This can really give you an energy boost to keep going. After a few days my body started to adjust to the broken nights. My HRV would recover again, despite the interruptions - alleviating the need for naps during the day.
\nIt's good to know that your body can adjust to the new daddy patterns. In addition to sleep you should keep moving too, possibly even do some exercise. Both family and work offer opportunities for this, read along.
\nEspecially during the first few days after birth, both your wife and kid need all the love and attention you can give. In The Netherlands you'll get some help from the maternity service, but after the first week you're on your own. This is the moment to shine as newfound dad.
\nOne way of doing this is cooking! Before our son was born I learned to cook, especially for moments like this. Cooking serves two purposes, feeding and a little \"baby off-time\". After hours of caring for the baby, you'll welcome a little cooking as it requires a different kind of attention from your mind.
\nFeeding your son provides an unique opportunity to build a relationship with your kid. As you're concentrating on how he's drinking his milk, you'll have plenty of 1-on-1 time. I try to make the most out of this by explicitly banning my smartphone from the scene. It's seriously rewarding to do this as a dad.
\nIn addition to cooking, you'll find common household tasks highly rewarding as they provide both an opportunity to do something useful, to move a little and to do something with you kid! Grocery shopping, dish washing, cooking, vacuum cleaning are all opportunities worth embracing. I use a baby-carrier to free my hands during common household tasks, it's fun and useful.
\nIn the Netherlands, employees with employment contracts are entitled to statutory paternity pay, but if you're self-employed like me, there is no such thing. You'll have to plan ahead and save money before the baby is born - because you can expect productivity to be at a deep low during the first weeks.
\nThe upside of being self-employed is that you decide how long, when and where you'll work. This flexibility comes in handy! I found working in the morning quite allright, right after the 7.00hrs feeding session as the little one will easily resume his sleep after finishing his milk.
\nAs newborn babies love to have body contact (as it relaxes them because they hear your heart and breathing), you can try to provide a place to sleep for the baby while you get some work done using a baby carrier.
\nBecoming a parent is something special. Take the time to enjoy it, as it will be over before you know it. Your time will revolve around your baby, this is something you should embrace instead of fight.
\nFocus on your health, the family and put the rest of your energy in your work. The first weeks are most difficult, after that things become easier because you'll adapt and gain experience. The easier it becomes, the more fun your newfound fatherhood gets!
\nOver the past few months I have been testing different bags and cases to fit everything I need to run my business. As I commute by bike, the bag needs to be waterproof. The problem with waterproof gear is that it is usually very bulky. I need my gear to be both portable and representative, a challenge worth a blog post!
\nIf you've been reading my blog, you know I have been minimising the gear I use to get things done. Earlier I got rid of paper, I now do my business 100% paperless by digitising every possible document. I got rid of my entire LAN-network when I went 'mobile only', I no longer rely on local network infrastructure to be productive. After experimenting years ago, I now use a tablet as main computer. Having a minimal selection of gear allows me to fit my entire business in a bag!
\nTo run my business I use:
\nI want to be able to bring my entire business everywhere. Not because I want to work all the time, but because I don't want to be limited to just one physical location to get my work done. To make things more challenging, I like to have just one bag, suitable for multiple situations:
\nOrtlieb is a German specialist in waterproof bags, the \"waterproof\"-text is even part of their logo! Their bags are designed to withstand even the worst type of weather.
\nI have used the Ortlieb Velocity bag for years and it is simply amazing. Even through the worst type of Dutch weather, bags made by Ortlieb stay true to their name: waterproof! If you carry expensive electronic gear this is something important.
\nThe new Urban line from Ortlieb is designed to appear a little less hardcore, and a little more \"urban chique\". Its made of a special blend of cotton and Cordura fabrics, the bag has a textile appearance that is a perfect match for both casual and business attire. Thanks to a supple plastic inner coating (polyurethane), it is nonetheless absolutely waterproof.
\nFor my gear I have chosen the smaller 15L version (there is a bigger 20L available). The bag has a nice strap system that is adjustable without any loose ends (the straps end in a loop).
\nYears ago I got rid of a separate wallet. I prefer electronic payments wherever I go. It has advantages to combine the essential cards with your smartphone, resulting in just one 'always with you' package.
\nFor my smartphone I selected the \"Hardgraft iPhone cash card wallet\". It is an iPhone sleeve combined with a thin wallet, designed for a few cards and some cash.
\nOne thing I like about the Hardgraft wallet is that it protects the screen, while it still allows quick access to the (naked) phone. This way you can use the smartphone without any cases, flaps or wallet-things attached - while safely tucking it away when you don't. The case even features a small hole that can be used to charge the phone.
\nMatching the iPhone's wallet, I have selected a case for iPad that allows quick and complete access when I use the device. When I transport the iPad it is nicely (and stylishly) protected.
\nThe great thing about this Hardgraft iPad Pro case is that it fits the entire iPad with the keyboard folio and pencil attached. Just like the iPhone wallet, there is a clever hole in the sleeve that allows charging.
\nPerfectly matching any business attire is the finishing of the case. The stitching, the materials, the colour and the details all communicate quality. This is something that I really appreciate.
\nTo complete my set, I found a suitable \"thing\" that would fit the charger, cables and AirPods. Combining the peripherals into a single package seemed to be the perfect way to organise my 'business in a bag' package.
\nThe nice thing about this \"thing\" is that it allows access from both sides. This allows my accessories to be organised while still be within quick reach.
\nOrganising my gear in three smaller packages allows quick and independent access. Each item is high quality, yet mundane enough to stay under the flashiness radar.
\nThe lack of obvious branding adds to the serious business like character of the set. The saddle brown leather colour is a nice match with the Ortlieb's \"ink\" blue.
\nThe inside of the backpack is spacious and features a sleeve that allows the devices to stay in position (while you move around with the backpack). There is enough space left for lunch, a spare set of clothing or something else.
\nFinding the right gear takes time and effort. This 'business in a bag' is the result of different efforts in minimising and optimisation.
\nIt all starts with being selective about what things you really need to bring along. Then think about where and how you'll be going. For me this meant: waterproof, urbanproof and businessproof.
\nFinally you should realise that the quality of the bag and cases are just as important as the items you carry. It's silly to safe a penny on a bag while spending pounds on its contents!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2018-12-22_business-in-a-bag/", "title": "Business in a bag", "summary": "Over the past few months I have been testing different bags and cases to fit everything I need to run my business. As I commute by bike, the bag needs to be waterproof. The problem with waterproof gear is that it is usually very bulky. I need my gear to be both portable and representative, a challenge worth a blog post!", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2018-12-22_business-in-a-bag/Business-in-a-bag-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2018-12-21T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2018-12-06_do-amazing-things-with-a-focused-mind/", "content_html": "Just when the temperature was a low 2° Celsius, I jumped in the Amstel river! While it was nearly freezing outside I went for a swim, just moments after I've taken an ice bath! This post is about the incredible birthday present I got, a workshop involving the Wim Hof Method.
\nHe amazed doctors when Wim Hof demonstrated he was able to sustain an healthy body temperature while sitting in an ice bath.
\nEver since, he's been on numerous TV-shows, documentaries and talks explaining his method. The Wim Hof Method (WHM) consists of three pillars: cold therapy, breathing and commitment.
\nIn our modern society we tend to control our environment, like turning up the heat when we feel cold or powering on the air-conditioning when we're hot. Living in continuous comfort makes our bodies lazy. By regularly exposing yourself to cold, you train your body to deal with uncomfortable conditions - reactivating its natural capability to warm and sustain itself.
\nYou can do this by taking cold showers or swimming in cold water. Exposure to cold brings down your heart rate and increases your circulation, minimizing inflammation and helping you recover faster from exercising. In addition, you harden your body to the natural stimulus induced by cold, resulting in an increased tolerance to stress and/or disease.
\nWith the breathing excercise of the Wim Hof Method you optimise your breathing, lower your heart rate, deacidify your body, activate your autonomous nervous system, improve your immune system and attain a deep meditative calmness.
\nThis is done by concentrating on repetitive deep breaths, in and out. After a few minutes of deep breathing, you let go and pause breathing. Once your body clearly wants to breathe again, you take in one deep breath and hold it for about 20-30 seconds. The sudden intake of oxygen causes an intense full body sensation that some describe as a mind trip - you'll experience your body like never before.
\nBoth the breathing exercise and the cold therapy require dedication, they're no quick fix to a problem. Just like any kind of training, initial progress is often hard. Your commitment is required to become a master of your body.
\nYou can fuel your commitment with the meditative calmness and focus you'll get when you're exercising and training, it's highly rewarding. Although it takes time to become a master, you'll be able to experience benefits quite quickly.
\nAs a gift for my birthday I received a Wim Hof Method workshop in Amsterdam. Together with my buddy Tim we visited Bart Biermans, both a doctor and certified WHM trainer. He gives workshops in Amsterdam on his fantastic houseboat in the Amstel river.
\nThe workshop consists of two parts, first Bart Biermans explains the theory and science underpinning the Wim Hof Method. You'll learn about the excersises, Wim Hof, research and experiments. As these workshops are held in (small) groups, you'll also meet other people. You'll be able to discuss backgrounds, intentions and experiences during the day. This makes it much more than just a personal experience - you'll learn from and be inspired by others.
\nI experienced the Wim Hof Method workshop as something incredible. Although I devote quite some time and energy to my health, I never experienced my body like this before. The breathing exercise helped me to gain a level of mediative calmness that - for me - was unprecedented. It may seem silly, but it felt as if I could distinctively feel my blood flowing through my vessels, my heart pumping, my body living; amazing!
\nThen it was time for the ice bath. The temperature outside was around 2° Celsius, one after one we were guided into the bath filled with ice cubes. The anticipation that you'll sit in a tub full of ice felt like a challenge. But once I entered the bath, I felt calmness.
\nWith some guidance from Bart Biermans, I was able to focus on my inner temperature, this enabled me to feel quite comfortable - despite being submerged in ice cold water! It's a very strange sensation to feel warm inside an ice tub. Once you get out of the ice bath you'll notice that your sense of temperature has shifted, the cold weather outside suddenly feels warm. To complete this temperature roller coaster ride, we jumped in the Amstel river for a quick swim!
\nWhat an experience it is to learn new things about your own body, that you can do amazing things without drugs or special equipment.
\nIt has been an inspiring workshop that left a lasting impression on me. Big thanks to Bart Biermans for his expertise and my buddy Tim for this amazing birthday present!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2018-12-06_do-amazing-things-with-a-focused-mind/", "title": "Do amazing things with a focused mind", "summary": "Just when the temperature was a low 2° Celsius, I jumped in the Amstel river! While it was nearly freezing outside I went for a swim, just moments after I've taken an ice bath! This post is about the incredible birthday present I got, a workshop involving the Wim Hof Method.", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2018-12-06_do-amazing-things-with-a-focused-mind/Do-amazing-things-with-a-focused-mind-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2018-12-05T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2018-11-16_around-town-in-an-electric-car/", "content_html": "Earlier this month I drove around town for a week in an electric vehicle, a brand new Smart Electric Drive (EQ fortwo). I used it to commute, for my daily groceries and to visit family, friends and customers. What's it like to drive a fully electric car on a daily basis?
\nSmart is more than a little car, it is the result of a partnership between Mercedes-Benz and the Swiss watch brand Swatch. Back in 1982 (!) the visionary Swatch CEO, Nicholas Hayek had an idea for a small electric city car.
\nNicholas Hayek was not just a CEO, he is often credited with saving the entire Swiss watch industry because of his forward thinking as leader of the Swatch Group, that includes well-known brands like Omega, Breguet, Hamilton, Tissot and Longines. He believed that the automotive industry had ignored a sector of potential customers who wanted a small and stylish city car.
\nSwatch and Mercedes announced the Micro Compact Car (MCC) company in 1994. One of the first challenges at MCC was the name of the car. Nicolas Hayek insisted it retained Swatch in some way: \"Swatchmobile\", or \"Swatch Car\". Mercedes refused and pushed for a neutral name. They settled for Smart, an acronym that had been previously used internally by MCC for Swatch Mercedes Art.
\nToday Smart is a Mercedes-Benz brand, yet it retains much of the original city car concept. With modern electric vehicle developments, a fully electric version of the city car is now available: Smart EQ fortwo.
\nThe Smart EQ fortwo is an electric car for two persons, designed to be agile in and around cities. It's a compact car with just 2.6M in length, 1.6M in width and 1.5M in height. Packed with a 96-cell, 17.6 kWh lithium-ion battery it weighs just over 1085KG.
\nEven though the car isn't big, there is plenty of room for the two passengers. The car has two comfortably large doors and a practical trunk.
\nThe trunk can be accessed through the rear window, which can be opened quickly. This is ideal for taking out (and putting in) small items. For larger items you can flip down the hatch.
\nThe Smart is anything but dull! You have numerous styling options and can have the car look pretty much anyway you wish. Just like the popular Swatch watches, the Smart is available in many different poppy colours.
\nThe car I drove had a matte grey finish with black accents - a bold appearance! But whatever colour you choose, the car's modern design works well with it.
\nLike many Dutch men, I am not exactly small with 1.93M in length... yet inside the Smart fortwo I feel very comfortable. The interior is designed to accommodate the two passengers in a big way.
\nThe roof window is a nice extra, it gives you a spacious feeling. Pretty much like driving a cabrio, but without the danger of ruining your haircut.... (if you have any...)
\nThe (heated) steering wheel has numerous buttons for controlling music and cruise control. You can use the buttons to have the contents of the various displays change. The displays can show anything from speed, distance to electric power data.
\nLeave it up to the Smart designers to come up with a fun little electric power gauge. It shows you the current power level and battery charge. The power gauge goes two ways: going to the left, it indicates regeneration (by magnetic braking), to the right it shows power usage (by accelerating). Its fun and useful if you're new to electric cars.
\nIn the middle of the dashboard there is the central screen. You can use it to navigate, play music and connect to your smartphone. Alternative to the integrated media system is the smartphone cradle that allows you to use your phone as central screen.
\nIf you use the car on a daily basis you don't only see the interior, you feel it. The steering wheel, the handles, the buttons: it's Mercedes-Benz quality. That's a good thing. While the Smart is a fun little car on the outside, on the inside it feels like a serious luxury car.
\nThe interior designers really show that they understand how the car (and passenger seat) is used in practice. They included handy things like a baggage belt on the passenger seat. Its top notch, in thinking and finish.
\nDriving a fully electric car is something genuinely different than a traditional petrol car. Using petrol, the internal combustion engine only has a limited range where it delivers power efficiently. Therefore you need a gear box to shift up and down to get moving. Electric engines deliver power at all speeds and do not need gearboxes.
\nThis makes accelerating an electric car much more like a roller coaster: it goes! There is no lag, no shifting, just power! The relatively light Smart (1085KG) may have a small electric engine (±60kW / 80HP), but it delivers speed in a continuous and joyful way. It gets you from 0-60KM/h in 4.9 seconds, good for a big smile at traffic lights in the city.
\nThe gearbox isn't the only thing that's missing in an electric car: no oil/fuel tank, pumps, filters, no cooling liquid, radiators and no start engine. An electric car can be much simpler in terms of parts than any petrol car.
\nThe lack of traditional car parts enabled the designers to optimise weight distribution by putting the heavy batteries as low as possible. The engine is very close to the rear wheels, freeing up the front axles, allowing them to steer very sharply. Combined with the short wheel basis this gives the Smart an incredibly small turning cycle of just 6.95M.
\nThe perfect manoeuvrability is very handy in urban areas. You can squeeze the car in almost any (tiny) parking place. The look on my neighbour's face was priceless!
\nDuring my time with the electric Smart I easily got 100KM range from a single charge. If you use the ECO-mode, adapt your driving style and take it easy, you'll be able to get a range of about 130KM.
\nInitially I thought that this would be a problem, a petrol car can easily have a \"range\" of hundredths of KM's. But, there something an electric car can do that your petrol car can't: charge overnight.
\nI found that whenever I parked the car in my own garage, it was a very small effort to connect the charging cable. This way the car will always be charged when you wake up in the morning. Suddenly I realised how badly I hate tanking petrol!
\nIt will take a maximum of 6 hours to charge the car up to 80% using a normal, 230V power outlet. If you install the optional wall box you can increase charging speeds dramatically.
\nIn addition to charging at home, you can use any public charging station to fill the batteries. This is ideal in cities, where its often hard to find a parking place. Using a smartphone app you'll find free charging places everywhere. While you're visiting friends, family or customers - the car is filling itself with fresh power.
\nThere are lots of important things in life, being able to transport a box of beer is one of them. Luckily the Smart is designed by Germans, and they love beer. I wondered how many boxes of beer I could fit in the car...
\nThe rear trunk easily fits two boxes of beer. If you're really having a serious party, you can use the passenger seat to go crazy... I stopped at 96 bottles of beer, but if you're any good with games like Tetris, I imagine you'll be able to fit much more!
\nOne week and many kilometres further, it was hard for me to return my new electric buddy back to the Smart dealer in Amsterdam, Stern Auto. Its simply so much fun, zipping around town in an electric smart.
\nEven more than the forward thinking in terms of design and drive train, its this fun that sticks! It makes you smile, when you drive, when you park, when you charge. Fun!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2018-11-16_around-town-in-an-electric-car/", "title": "Around town in an electric car", "summary": "Earlier this month I drove around town for a week in an electric vehicle, a brand new Smart Electric Drive (EQ fortwo). I used it to commute, for my daily groceries and to visit family, friends and customers. What's it like to drive a fully electric car on a daily basis?", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2018-11-16_around-town-in-an-electric-car/Around-town-in-an-electric-car-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2018-11-15T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2018-11-02_is-the-apple-watch-the-modern-tool-watch/", "content_html": "This week I went to Frankfurt for business. I had to perform maintenance to servers in a data centre. This seemed like a great opportunity to test the Apple Watch's usefulness in real life (other than health and fitness). I wondered, is the Apple Watch the modern tool watch?
\nA tool watch is a watch that is primarily designed for a particular purpose (like diving, flying, racing) instead of just being a piece of jewellery. Modern day classics like the Rolex Submariner, GMT-Master and Daytona were originally designed like this.
\nMany of these classic models have their roots trace back into military purposes. Their accuracy and reliability quite literally made the difference between life and death.
\nThese days we don't really need a dedicated time piece anymore, as you can easily check time on your smartphone or computer. What other uses could a modern tool watch have?
\nFollowing the industrial revolution last century, we now live in a time that people describe as \"the information age\". Economies have shifted from traditional industry to an economy based on information technology. Instead of traditional labour, modern money is created by efficiently allocating resources, connecting supply and demand with high degrees of personalisation. Information is embedded in how we work and live today.
\nTherefore it is no wonder that internet connected devices are showing up everywhere. Your smartphone, tablet, refrigerator, TV and car are all connected (or will be soon). It only seems logical that a modern watch should be online, too.
\nThe Apple Watch has evolved into a well connected, wearable micro computer. Thanks to the WiFi/4G/LTE options it can function independently. It is a modern watch, native to our information intensive age, designed to deal with information - but, how does this work?
\nThe Watch enables you to process information. Incoming messages, calls and emails can be dealt with straight from the wrist. It works together with your phone, computer and tablet thanks to its internet connectivity.
\nDealing with information from your wrist can be quite useful from time to time. If you set it up properly, the Apple Watch can act as a filter, only allowing important things to ask for your attention. You don't even have to look at the watch, you can have it vibrate in different patterns depending on app, sender, and notification type.
\nIf an important message arrives, you can respond using your voice (e.g. calling/dictating) or by choosing a pre-defined reply or action. Alternatively, you can choose to deal with it from your iPhone, iPad or Mac as these devices are all working in concert. You can leave your phone in your bag, only to take it out when it is really necessary.
\nBecause of its position on the wrist, it is very convenient to use the watch to access information. Naturally, you can use it to check the time, but thanks to its digital display (instead of a mechanical dial), it can show much more.
\nYou can access information, such as sports scores, the weather, navigation instructions and pretty much anything else that you could normally find on the internet. You can literally ask things to your watch with your voice, in plain language, like: \"do I need a rain coat this afternoon?\"
\nIt uses advanced technologies to understand the spoken question, to determine your location and to check the local weather. It then answers in spoken or written words. This is a natural fit in our time where we are used to have all the information of the world within arms length - literally!
\nIn addition to accessing information, the Watch can be used to collect and create information. The Watch is equipped with multiple gyro-sensors, a microphone, a GPS-chip, a touch screen and a heart rate monitor. You can use this to create reminders, messages, appointments and even complete emails.
\nThis is especially useful to deal with impromptu reminders, things you know you might forget. You can set reminders to trigger on a given time or location. Like to remind you to do something when you arrive home, or to remind you to bring something with you when you leave.
\nSensors like the heart rate monitor are used to monitor your well-being throughout the day. The Watch collects health and fitness data automatically. This data is stored on your smartphone where you can use it to analyse and improve your fitness. I have written another blog post about swimming and cycling with Apple Watch.
\nWhat better way to test capabilities of the Apple Watch than a real day of work? This week I went to Frankfurt to service an internet server in an highly secured data centre.
\nA data centre is where the cloud or internet lives. It is like a bunker with many computer rooms inside. These computer rooms are equipped with extra reliable power and cooling. Usually these data centres are highly secured with guards, access ports, biometric verification systems , cameras and fences. The \"gold\" of our information age is stored inside these bunkers.
\nTo access the data centre I need to clear different levels of security. For that I need several codes, identification and a tight schedule (as some of these codes expire automatically). In addition to clearing security, I also need to find my way - as these buildings have many floors with alleys, rooms and racks.
\nThe Apple Watch enabled me to quickly access information while I went inside the data centre. I needed my hands to carry a toolbox and server parts. Therefore it was quite convenient that I could simply glance at my wrist to check the route and access information.
\nThis enabled me to locate the malfunctioning server and to access the rack containing the computer hardware.
\nIt was necessary to access the server because somehow it lost its connection to the internet. Usually this is an indication of some serious (hardware) failure. To determine the cause you simply start checking all the parts of the machine, see if there are any signs of life.
\nInside the data centre there are carts with monitors and keyboards that you can use to connect to your server. This way you can digg even deeper inside the computer, to find problems that aren't visible from the outside.
\nUsing the Apple Watch I could monitor the status of the defective server. I set up a monitoring service that would inform me as soon as the broken server would come online again. Because I whitelisted the monitoring service to push notifications to my wrist, I received this message instantly. This way I did not need an additional laptop or monitoring system on site.
\nOnce I found my way outside the job was done. With some time to spare I decided to go downtown Frankfurt to do some sightseeing - and get myself a nice cup of coffee, before hitting the Autobahn again to get back to Amsterdam.
\nDuring my work in Frankfurt I used the Apple Watch as tool to get things done. It delivered and made my day a little easier.
\nI would have survived without it, for sure, but being able to deal with information straight from your wrist does feel like a boon. It gives you a sense of control unlike a traditional watch.
\nThe Apple Watch is not without its shortcomings, it is a tool that requires extra attention setting up and keeping charged. If traditional tool watch history is any indication, we can expect it to become better over time.
\nWhether Apple Watch is useful enough to replace a traditional watch remains a personal question. But whatever you think of it right now, know that the technology keeps developing in a very fast pace. Soon, you might find it the right time to give it a try!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2018-11-02_is-the-apple-watch-the-modern-tool-watch/", "title": "Is the Apple Watch the modern tool watch?", "summary": "This week I went to Frankfurt for business. I had to perform maintenance to servers in a data centre. This seemed like a great opportunity to test the Apple Watch's usefulness in real life (other than health and fitness). I wondered, is the Apple Watch the modern tool watch? ", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2018-11-02_is-the-apple-watch-the-modern-tool-watch/Is-the-Apple-Watch-the-modern-tool-watch-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2018-11-01T23:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2018-10-16_rescuing-files-from-a-broken-harddisk/", "content_html": "Yesterday a young woman brought me her laptop, it didn't start anymore and it only showed an error message. It turned out to be a broken harddisk. It startled her when I told her that all data on the disk was lost. She told me it contained precious photos of her pregnancy and young child. What could I do?
\nEvery Monday I help people in the local community centre in Amsterdam-Zuidoost. I do this work as volunteer for some years now and it is always great if you can help people. But this time, I wasn't sure if I could help the young woman with rescuing her photos...
\nWhen you use your computer, your files (and photos) are often saved inside the computer, on the harddisk or solid state drive (SSD). This is a tiny machine inside your computer that can break down. If that happens, you lose everything on it.
\nThere are different kinds of harddisk failures:
\nWhatever happens to your disk, the best thing to do is stop using the computer immediately and consult an expert about what to do. Continuing to use your computer while you have a defective disk increases the chance of corrupting your files.
\nThe best thing you can do to prevent data loss, is to make backups on a regular basis. It's not hard, you can make backups in different ways:
\nWhatever backup method you choose, make sure to do it regularly. Check your backups, see if they contain all the files you expect. Disk failure happens to everybody, its just a matter of time.
\nThe young woman didn't make a backup, her laptop contained the only copy of her precious photos. I really wanted to help her. I offered to open her laptop to see if I could remove the disk and connect it to another computer.
\nOnce the disk is removed you can use another computer to attempt reading data from it. Depending on the kind of harddisk failure, you may still be able to retrieve some data. You can use an external USB-harddisk enclosure to connect the disk to another computer.
\nYour mileage may vary, if you're lucky the disk may still have enough life in it. I connected the disk to my Debian GNU/Linux computer and after a few moments the computer detected the harddisk! It was not entirely dead yet!
\nUsing Linux or Mac you can instruct your computer to connect to the disk in a \"read only\" manner. This way you prevent writing data, reducing stress to the disk (as sometimes the operating system automatically starts to index the files, creating lots of tiny new files...).
\nIf you look at the screenshot above you'll see that I used fdisk -l to list the contents of the connected disk (1). Then I checked the list to see what partition number has the largest size (2), effectively answering the question: where are the files? Finally, using the mount command (3) I instructed my computer to connect to this partition. It worked and I could list the contents of the disk (you can see by the folder names, it contains a Windows installation).
\nFrom there, I was able to navigate to the Documents folder that contained the young woman's photos. Unsure how long the faulty harddisk would live on, I didn't waste a second and started copying the photos first. Be sure to go after the \"gold\" first, before you attempt to copy the entire disk.
\nReally bad sounds came out of the disk during my attempt to rescue the photos. The disk was really giving everything it had. My computer reported numerous errors as it attempted to read data from the harddisk.
\nHours later, I was relieved to have my computer report that most of the files had been copied successfully! It worked, hooray!!
\nThis time I was lucky to be able to safe the precious photos from the disk. But next time, it may be different... You should not count on luck: make backups!
\nAfter rescuing the photos, I used a simple USB-drive to return the photos to the young woman. Needless to say, she was very happy!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2018-10-16_rescuing-files-from-a-broken-harddisk/", "title": "Rescuing files from a broken harddisk", "summary": "Yesterday a young woman brought me her laptop, it didn't start anymore and it only showed an error message. It turned out to be a broken harddisk. It startled her when I told her that all data on the disk was lost. She told me it contained precious photos of her pregnancy and young child. What could I do?", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2018-10-16_rescuing-files-from-a-broken-harddisk/Rescuing-files-from-a-broken-harddisk-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2018-10-15T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2018-10-09_using-a-budget-android-as-main-smartphone/", "content_html": "Every now and then, I switch phones to keep track of mobile developments. As professional app and web developer, I need to know how different devices work in real life. This time I used a budget Android smartphone, making me curious how it would compare to an expensive iPhone.
\nAlthough you may think that modern smartphones are all alike, there are some important differences that define the 'feel' of an mobile operating system. Things like navigation: on Android you have the widely used back-button, while on iOS you have the home button and gesture. If you develop apps, you need to make sure that your app behaves like someone would expect. Meaning you need to adhere to the operating system's way of doing things.
\nBadly ported apps feel out of place because they lack this refinement - they feel illogical. This is why I regularly switch phones, to keep a fresh understanding on how things work on both Android and iOS.
\nYou may not realise it, but if you use the same phone for a longer period of time you'll develop muscle memory to quickly open common apps. Make switching easier by arranging the icons in similar fashion on both devices.
\nThe Nokia 2 is a basic Android smartphone that doesn't cost a lot (€99). It is the entry level smartphone that Nokia offers. It has a surprisingly nice feel to it because of the aluminium bezel. The screen is vivid and crisp and the phone has a gigantic (4100mAh) battery.
\nCompared to the expensive iPhone, the budget Nokia feels lighter and its metal bezel is brushed instead of the iPhone's polished \"surgical stainless steel\" (pfff). With the Nokia I feel perfectly comfortable not using a case, while on iPhone I feel like I need one (and insurance, second mortgage...).
\nContrary to many other Android phone manufactures, Nokia is very quick with providing updates. Although this budget phone is much cheaper than offerings from - let's say - Samsung, it gets updates faster and for a longer period of time. With the new 'Android One' experience, Nokia and Google guarantee updates for at least two years.
\nSwitching operating systems means that you'll need to find different apps to get things done, as not all iOS apps are available on Android (and vice versa). I do a lot of different things with my smartphone. For some common tasks I have selected a few apps that are worthwhile:
\nThe budget Android smartphone is limited in its processor power and memory. This is something you'll notice: the Nokia is much slower than a high end smartphone. Opening apps takes a little longer (some seconds), and when switching apps it often has to reload because it cannot keep many apps active at the same time. But, once you've opened an app it works very well. I could do all the things I wanted, albeit taking a bit longer.
\nThe Nokia 2 has just 8GB of build-in storage. While that may seem enough, you must realise that you cannot use the full 8GB of memory yourself. Android comes with a ton of Google apps that you cannot remove, and these apps take precious storage capacity away from you. Luckily you can use a Micro-SD card to expand the memory. It remains a challenge however, because not all Android apps can run from a SD-card.
\nIf you use Android you need a Google account to download any apps. Google uses this account to create a profile of your online and offline behaviour. Using this detailed profile it can make recommendations, show relevant ads and inform you of things they think you may be interested in (like traffic on your daily commute, your favourite sports team etc).
\nAlthough you can tune it back, you can never really escape it. You should check out the Google Privacy Policy, which is written in easy to understand language - explaining what exactly is collected.
\nUsing the Android phone I was confronted with Google's data mining multiple times. When I visited my moms (who happens to live near a Polish supermarket), the phone prompted me to leave a review for this store.
\nAnother example is Google Chrome, the browser is actively making recommendations what I should read. If you know my blog, you'll notice from the screenshot that Google does a pretty good job describing my interests. You can hide these \"articles for you\", but you cannot completely disable them. I prefer to think by myself, I really don't want others to tell me what to read.
\nThe Nokia comes with a surprisingly good screen. It is sharp and its colours are vivid. Compared to the expensive iPhone, the budget Android phone has thicker bezels around the display. Although both smartphones are about the same physical size, the iPhone's edge-to-edge screen can fit more content.
\nWhat's more is that iPhone offers the so-called 'reader mode'. This is an option offered automatically by iOS to most websites. You can remove all distractions from a page with a single tap, allowing full focus on the article you're reading. It removes ads too, which is probably the reason why this feature is not on Android (which is controlled by Google, you know, the company that makes money through advertising).
\nThe best camera is the one you always have with you. If you're using the Nokia 2 as your main phone, then you might consider taking another camera with you as its picture quality lacks details and depth. Under good lighting conditions it gets the job done, but don't expect any miracles.
\nThe landscape of the \"Amsterdamse Waterleidingduinen\" seems a bit fuzzy, lacking detail. Quality gets a little better if the subject of your photo is nearer.
\nThe difference in camera quality becomes very clear when you take the same photo with both phones. The photo taken with iPhone has more detail. But bear in mind, that that camera is 13 times as expensive! Do you think iPhone's photo quality is 13 times better?
\nThis is where the budget Nokia 2 blows the competition out of the water! The battery life is simply fantastic, it is measured in days! I used the smartphone extensively and the battery performed consistently great. This is really something that should make expensive iPhone owners jealous.
\nFor just €99 you get a phone that can do an incredible lot. I managed to do anything I wanted - at just a fraction of the price of the iPhone (which peaks at €1659 for the 512GB XS Max model). In fact, the Nokia costs about as much as just one iPhone earpiece... crazy!
\nThe really interesting thing about this budget Android is that it makes you realise that smartphone hardware is getting cheaper and cheaper. It's being commoditised. If today's budget phones can already do everything I want, it makes me wonder what a budget phone can do in a few years. They'll probably be so good that you won't need an expensive smartphone anymore. The cheap phones are getting better and better, something to keep in mind when you think about upgrading your phone!
\n\n", "url": "https://willem.com/en/2018-10-09_using-a-budget-android-as-main-smartphone/", "title": "Using a budget Android as main smartphone", "summary": "Every now and then, I switch phones to keep track of mobile developments. As professional app and web developer, I need to know how different devices work in real life. This time I used a budget Android smartphone, making me curious how it would compare to an expensive iPhone. ", "image": "https://willem.com/en/2018-10-09_using-a-budget-android-as-main-smartphone/Using-a-budget-Android-as-main-smartphone-800px.jpg", "date_modified": "2018-10-08T22:00:00.000Z", "author": { "name": "Willem L. Middelkoop", "url": "https://willem.com/" } }, { "id": "https://willem.com/en/2018-09-27_swimming-and-cycling-with-apple-watch/", "content_html": "This month Apple launched a new Apple Watch series and released an update to watchOS. The focus of the smartwatch is more and more gearing towards health and fitness. This made me curious, how well does Apple Watch work for different activities?
\nFor this test I used a Apple Watch + Nike, it's the most sporty style available. But, all Apple Watches are identical in their health and fitness functionality. Because I am a bit of a data nerd, I strapped another tracker on my wrist to be able to compare data.
\nInstead of using third party apps, I decided to stick with the build-in Apple Workout app. When I tested earlier models of Apple Watch, I found it to be lacking features. But ever since Apple updated watchOS, it has matured into a very capable activity tracker. As I like swimming and cycling, I decided to take the watch for a plunge and ride.
\nRiding your bike with Apple Watch is easy. Just wear the watch, tap 'start cycling' in the workout app and get moving! You don't need any external sensors (like speed, cadence, heart rate), the Watch provides everything needed to perform the activity analyses.
\nThe Watch feels nice on the wrist, the silicone sports band is very comfortable. Especially the aluminium Apple Watch models are very light on the wrist - which is nice when you're working out. While riding you keep your eyes on the road - the watch performs its analyses in the background. If you glance at your watch during workout it will show you a summary of the current progress.
\nAfter you've completed your ride you stop the workout session in the app. Data is automatically synced to your iPhone where you can analyse your performance in detail.
\nYou can see your average speed, distance, ride duration, calories and heart rate. I like the heart rate graph as it clearly reflects the intensity variance during my ride. It also offers you to see your route on a map. A (very) nice detail is the colour of my path, green indicates fast cycling, red slow cycling. If you're trying to improve your average speed this enables you to quickly see where you're slow.
\nWorking out in the swimming pool with Apple Watch is easy too. Before you jump in the water, you start a swimming workout session. This automatically enables the water resistant mode, disabling touch screen interaction (since that is somewhat troublesome with wet fingers). You can enter the swimming pool length, which helps the watch analyse your stroke.
\nAfter you've completed your swimming, you rotate the Watch's digital crown to disengage the water resistant mode. The Watch will make a sound, expelling excess water from its speakers. This is really an inventive way to make this work, cheers to the Apple engineers.
\n